StemCell Therapy

David Hogness

courtesy stanford medicine

David Hogness, a biochemist, geneticist, and developmental biologist at Stanford University, died at his home on December 24. He was 94 years old.

Hogness is well known for a series of experiments during the 1970s and 1980s that were instrumental in launching both molecular genetics and genomics, according to a university statement.

His lab brought molecular biology to Drosophila, discovered the first core promotor element in eukaryotes, cloned the Hox genes, studied the basis of steroid hormone signaling, the list goes on and on. He was a giant, says biologist Mark Peifer of the University of North Carolina in a tweet.

Hogness was born in Oakland, California, on November 17, 1925, and grew up in Chicago. In 1949, he received his bachelors degree in chemistry from Caltech, where he also earned his PhD in biology and chemistry in 1952.

While a faculty member at Washington University in St. Louis, Hogness studied bacteriophage lambda and created the first physical maps of genes along DNA, according to the statement. He joined Stanfords newly formed biochemistry department in 1959, and during a sabbatical in 1968, shifted his focus to Drosophila.

In a 1972 grant proposal, Hogness described the concept of chromosomal walkingnow known as positional cloninga technological breakthrough that many consider to be the founding of genomics, according to Stanfords statement.Hognesss 1975 paper published in PNAS detailed colony hybridization, a novel method of isolating cloned DNA. Three years later, Hogness discovered the Goldberg-Hogness box, now called the TATA box, a non-coding promoter sequence where transcription is initiated in archaea and eukaryotes (prokaryotes have a homolog called the Pribnow box). Another landmark study published in the early 1980s demonstrated the ability to clone the gene underlying any genetic trait, and simultaneously proved there were genes specifically devoted to regulating normal development, says Richard Lifton, the president of Rockefeller University and a former student of Hogness, in the press release. Its one of the great papers in the history of biology.

Daves genius was to realize that the recombinant DNA technologies newly developed at Stanford, which allowed researchers to isolate and replicate to very high copy numbers distinct segments of DNA, could be used to map the locations of the DNA segments to specific bands on the polytene chromosomes, developmental biologist Philip Beachy says in the statement.

Hognesss awards include the March of Dimes Prize in Developmental Biology in 1997, the Lifetime Achievement Award of the Society for Developmental Biology in 2002, the Thomas Hunt Morgan Medal in 2003, and the Warren Alpert Foundation Prize in 2013.

Hogness is survived by his sons.

Amy Schleunes is an intern atThe Scientist. Email her ataschleunes@the-scientist.com.

Read more:
David Hogness, Revolutionary of 20th Century Genetics, Dies - The Scientist

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