StemCell Therapy

Rhonda Patrick, Ph.D. and I go on a Nerd Safari into the jungle of health, nutrition, fitness, performance, and longevity. We visit IGF-1 and whether theres a tradeoff between having high or low levels. We discuss the PPARs (receptor proteins) and genetic polymorphisms. Does Rhonda think theres any benefit in a NAD+ booster for health and longevity? Can saunas lower the risk of heart disease, dementia, and all-cause mortality? We dig into those questionsand a lot more.

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Rhonda is a wealth of knowledge and was the perfect companion to explore several interesting topics in this episode. She puts a great deal of thought and effort into her research, and it really shows in this conversation.

What Rhonda believes differently today versus 5 years ago? [5:40]

Calorie restriction and IGF reduction. Is it the best way to boost longevity? [6:30]

Rhondas changing opinion on the ketogenic diet. [9:00]

Peters experience with the ketogenic diet [10:30]

Exogenous ketones: Rhondas personal experience. [13:00]

Diet-induced ketosis, purported benefits and detriments, limitations of current studies, and what Peter would like to see in a future study. [15:30]

The practicality of the ketogenic diet and how to get your nutrients. [16:45]

The IGF-1 paradox, is it good or bad? [21:00]

Misconceptions about protein levels in the ketogenic diet. [22:00]

Intro to PPAR alpha and PPAR gamma, polymorphisms that impact fatty acid metabolism, ketogenesis, and how we react to saturated fat. [23:00]

Saturated fat and genetic variants that may affect how we respond to consuming it. [25:30]

How certain genes variants may affect certain peoples reaction to saturated fat. [29:00]

Rhonda has developed a genetic testing tool available to the public. [30:00]

Why some people have trouble producing ketones and how exercise and fasting may be the crucial piece for getting over the hump. [31:00]

Rhondas approach to eating/fasting/exercise and using exogenous ketones by HVMN. [34:45]

Can ketone esters be used to reduce blood glucose levels? [41:15]

Acarbose for controlling blood glucose. [41:45]

Peter and Rhonda share their evolving understanding of the IGF-1 literature. [42:15]

Only the germ cells in C. elegans divide, which may make cancer in this organism fundamentally different than humans.Nematodes have a fixed, genetically determined number of cells, a phenomenon known as eutely. The adult hermaphrodite has exactly 959 cells. The male C. elegans has 1031 cells. The number of cells does not change after cell division ceases at the end of the larval period, and subsequent growth is due solely to an increase in the size of individual cells. [Wikipedia]

Do we want low or high IGF-1? Or is cycling the key? [48:00]

Figure. Predicted HR for the association between IGF-I and all-cause mortality. [Burgers et al., 2011]

Image credit: Meta-analysis and dose-response metaregression: circulating insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and mortality (Burgers et al., 2011)

Figure. Relationship between serum IGF-1 levels and risk of (A) all-cause mortality (B) cancer mortality and (C) cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. [Svensson et al., 2012]

Image credit: Both Low and High Serum IGF-I Levels Associate with Cancer Mortality in Older Men (Svensson et al., 2012)

The important role that IGF-1 plays in muscle and brain tissue through exercise. [50:00]

Efficacy of prolonged fasting for cancer, autoimmune diseases, and other afflictions. [51:00]

Prolonged fasting and cancer, how it could maybe be apart of standard of care in the near future. [53:00]

Can chemo patients benefit from fasting and certain dietary protocols? [54:15]

Can fasting help with the response to, and recovery from, invasive operations? [55:00]

Importance of exercise for brain health. [59:30]

VO2 max, cardiorespiratory fitness, strength training, and how it affects our health. [1:03:15]

Can lowering inflammation be a key to extending life? [1:06:30]

Peter shares his hope/vision for the future of personalized health protocols. [1:11:45]

Sauna, and the growing evidence for the benefits of heat therapy. [1:12:30]

Does sauna have an impact on sleep? [1:13:30]

Saunas and the healthy-user bias, a critical look at the literature. [1:14:15]

The overlapping physiological responses of heat therapy and exercise. [1:16:15]

Saunas as an antidepressant? [1:17:15]

Different types of saunas and which one Rhonda likes best. [1:18:15]

Can saunas act asan anti-inflammatory and improve insulin sensitivity? [1:20:15]

Can saunas help prevent neurodegeneration? [1:21:45]

What kind of disease is dementia? And how might ketones and saunas help? [1:22:15]

Cold therapy vs heat therapy, similarities, and differences. [1:24:30]

Can we stack hot and cold therapy to maximize the benefits? [1:28:30]

Cold therapy and mitochondrial biogenesis. [1:29:00]

How cold therapy can blunt hypertrophy from strength training. [1:31:15]

A primer on NAD+/NADH, its effect on lifespan/healthspan, and a review of the supplements. [1:32:45]

PARP, an important enzyme for DNA repair, needs NAD+ for fuel. [1:34:30]

What causes NAD+ to decrease as we age? [1:35:00]

Could metformin negatively affect the NAD+ to NADH ratio? [1:36:15]

Evidence for NAD+ supplements. [1:37:00]

Can we increase NAD+ levels with fasting? [1:38:00]

Peter asks Rhonda, What is the most interesting question you dont yet know the answer to but you feel like is knowable? [1:39:15]

Rapamycin, the most promising life-extension drug? [1:42:30]

The next medical frontier: specificity and selectivity of drugs. [1:45:00]

Where you can find Rhonda and her work. [1:46:45]

Rhonda Perciavalle Patrick has a Ph.D. in biomedical science from the University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis TN and St. Jude Childrens Research Hospital, Memphis TN. She also has a Bachelors of Science degree in biochemistry/chemistry from the University of California, San Diego. She has done extensive research on aging, cancer, and nutrition. She did her graduate research at St. Jude Childrens Research Hospital where she investigated the link between mitochondrial metabolism, apoptosis, and cancer. Her groundbreaking work discovered that a protein that is critical for cell survival has two distinct mitochondrial localizations with disparate functions, linking its anti-apoptotic role to a previously unrecognized role in mitochondrial respiration and maintenance of mitochondrial structure. Her dissertation findings were published in the 2012 issue of Nature Cell Biology.

Dr. Patrick trained as a postdoctoral fellow at Childrens Hospital Oakland Research Institute with Dr. Bruce Ames. She investigated the effects of micronutrient (vitamins and minerals) inadequacies on metabolism, inflammation, DNA damage, and aging and whether supplementation can reverse the damage. In addition, she also investigated the role of vitamin D in brain function, behavior, and other physiological functions. In February of 2014 she published a paper in FASEB on how vitamin D regulates serotonin synthesis and how this relates to autism.

Dr. Patrick has also done research on aging at the Salk Institute for Biological Sciences. At the Salk she investigated what role insulin signaling played in protein misfolding, which is commonly found in neurodegenerative diseases.

She frequently engages the public on topics including the role micronutrient deficiencies play in diseases of aging, the role of genetics in determining the effects of nutrients on a persons health status, benefits of exposing the body to hormetic stressors, such as through exercise, fasting, sauna use or heat stress, or various forms of cold exposure, and the importance of mindfulness, stress reduction, and sleep. It is Dr. Patricks goal to challenge the status quo and encourage the wider public to think about health and longevity using a proactive, preventative approach. [ FoundMyFitness.com]

Rhonda on Facebook: FoundMyFitness

Rhonda on Instagram: @foundmyfitness

Rhonda on Twitter: @foundmyfitness

Rhondas website: FoundMyFitness.com

Rhondas podcast: FoundMyFitness

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This entry was posted on August 13, 2018 at 9:41 pm and is filed under Longevity Genetics. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. Both comments and pings are currently closed. |