StemCell Therapy

HAMBURG, Germany, August 2, 2017 /PRNewswire/ --

Indivumed is pleased to announce a collaboration with MedStar Health to individualize anti-cancer medical therapies through state-of-the-art biospecimen collection, preservation and analysis.

Indivumed, a Germany-based oncology research company has developed a unique global standard for tissue and clinical data collection, establishing the leading cancer database which provides a unique basis for developing precision medicine in cancer.

MedStar cares for thousands of cancer patients and survivors through the MedStar Health Cancer Network. In collaboration with the MedStar Health Research Institute, MedStar is increasing biospecimen collection started nearly a decade ago at Georgetown University's Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center. Over the term of the agreement, the cancer biobank will encompass MedStar's most active cancer programs throughout the system to partner with Indivumed's global annotated cancer biobank of human tumor tissue samples used to develop anti-tumor drugs and personalized medicine for cancer.

This international partnership will allow MedStar researchers to access highest quality biospecimens and associated clinical data contributed by consenting patients. In addition, MedStar cancer researchers will have access to samples contributed by more than 30,000 patients within Indivumed's global cancer database operating within Europe, Asia and the United States.

"Attaining individualized cancer diagnosis and treatment for every patient based on reliable clinical data and molecularly intact biospecimens is our goal," said Hartmut Juhl, M.D., founder and CEO of Indivumed, and a cancer researcher. "Our tool for achieving this goal is the establishment of a unique global cancer database using molecular information from tissues collected under stringent protocols. MedStar Health brings a special blend of clinical care, research and patient outreach within the largest hospital network in the Mid-Atlantic Region.Our long-standing partnership with Georgetown's Lombardi Cancer Center has made possible our expanded commitment to partner throughout the MedStar System. By building a biobank together, we can make a dramatic difference in phenotype-based precision medicine worldwide," Juhl went on to say.

"By participating in the Indivumed global network, we'll have access to a critical mass of biological samples and clinical data for use in unique research for our community," said Neil Weissman, MD, President of the MedStar Health Research Institute. "Indivumed is a world leader in tissue collection and preservation and will expand our ability to conduct metabolic, as well as gene-based, cancer research."

MedStar's Cancer Network has recently been granteda three-year accreditation with Commendationfrom the Commission on Cancer (CoC) of the American College of Surgeons (ACoS). In addition, the Georgetown University Lombardi Cancer Center holds the distinction of being a National Cancer Institute-designated Comprehensive Cancer Center, the only cancer center in the Washington area with such distinction. Louis M. Weiner, MD, director of Georgetown Lombardi and Director of MedStar's integrated cancer network stated firmly that, "the MedStar Cancer Network and Georgetown Lombardi are committed to delivering the highest standards of care and providing access to the most current cutting-edge research for our patients suffering from this horrendous disease." Weiner continued, "the Indivumed cancer biobank has been and will continue to be a critical asset to our physicians and researchers in their quest to defeat cancer."

Under an initial multi-year agreement, MedStar will collect lung, breast, colorectal, pancreatic and other cancer tissues at its most active cancer programs throughout the system for research and storage according to Indivumed's unique biobanking standard. Tissue collection at Georgetown Lombardi will continue pursuant to Georgetown University's existing agreement with Indivumed.

AboutIndivumed GmbH

INDIVUMED an ISO certified global oncology research company based in Hamburg, Germany, has established the world's leading Cancer Database and biobank, retaining unique patterns of biomolecules such as RNA, DNA, and proteins as they existed in the human body. This Cancer Database makes possible multi-omics capabilities that will allow for characterization of samples and data such as whole genome gene expression analysis, expression analysis of cancer relevant proteins, expression analysis of cancer relevant phosphoproteins and bioinformatic solutions for integrating molecular, biological and clinical information.

Indivumed's products and services allow for in-depth understanding of the underlying mechanisms of a patient's cancer, addressing important demands in translational research and molecular diagnostics to support implementation of personalized healthcare.

For more information, please visithttp://www.indivumed.com

About MedStar Health

MedStar Health is a not-for-profit health system dedicated to caring for people in Maryland and the Washington, D.C. region, while advancing the practice of medicine through education, innovation and research. MedStar's 30,000 associates, 6,000 affiliated physicians, 10 hospitals, ambulatory care and urgent care centers, and the MedStar Health Research Institute are recognized regionally and nationally for excellence in medical care. As the medical education and clinical partner of Georgetown University, MedStar trains more than 1,100 medical residents annually. MedStar Health's patient-first philosophy combines care, compassion and clinical excellence with an emphasis on customer service. For more information, visithttp://www.MedStarHealth.org.

Contact:Hartmut Juhl, MDFounder and Chief Executive OfficerIndivumed GmbHTel.: +49-40-413383-0rel="nofollow">press@indivumed.com

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MedStar Health Collaborates With Indivumed to Advance Precision Oncology Research - Markets Insider

The Report Global Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Market 2017-2021 provides information on pricing, market analysis, shares, forecast, and company profiles for key industry participants. - MarketResearchReports.biz

This press release was orginally distributed by SBWire

Albany, NY -- (SBWIRE) -- 08/01/2017 -- MarketResearchReports.biz has announced the availability of a new report in its repository, titled "Global Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Market 2017-2021." The report has been developed by a group of experienced market research analysts and aspires to armor its targeted audiences as a credible business tool. The report provides comprehensive assessment of all factors that may drive or obstruct the inflow of the demand for therapeutic drug monitoring, catches the recent trends, segments the market on the basis of product type, drug class, end-users, and region, and profiles some of the leading companies in order to showcase the competitive landscape.

As per the findings of the report, the global therapeutic drug monitoring market is gaining traction from a number of factors, such as increasing demand for personalized medicine, advances in drug pharmacogenetics, and the growing use of TDM in traditional anticancer therapies. On the other hand, the shortage of skilled technicians to perform the peculiar diagnostic tests and unavailability of financial provisions for clinical interpretations of TDM results are some of the challenges faced by the vendors operating in the global therapeutic drug monitoring market. Nevertheless, this market is expected to gain additional traction from a number of trends, such as increased focus on the development of novel therapeutic drug monitoring tools for new indications, advances in technologies, and the advent of POC tests.

Get Sample Copy Of This Report @ https://www.marketresearchreports.biz/sample/sample/1064785

Based on product, the global therapeutic drug monitoring market is segmented into equipment and consumables. As of now, consumables form the largest chunk of demand, which can be attributed to growing number of grants by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) for R&D activities. As an increasing number of vendors are focusing on the production of consumables for its high margin, the segment is expected to remain highly profitable throughout the forecast period. Based on end-users, the report classifies the global therapeutic drug monitoring market into hospitals and private laboratories, while on the basis of drug class, the market has been bifurcated into immunosuppressants, antiepileptics, antiarrhythmics, antibiotics, and others. Geographically, the report gauges the potential of therapeutic drug monitoring market in the regions of Americas, Asia Pacific (APAC), and Europe, The Middle East, and Africa.

View Press Release @ https://www.marketresearchreports.biz/pressrelease/5482/growing-demand-for-personalized-medicine-driving-therapeutic-drug-monitoring-market

The report finds the global therapeutic drug monitoring market to be fragmented in nature with the presence of several global and regional players, who are consistently competing on factors such as automated systems, aggressive pricing, diverse applications, and improved standardization. Some of the key players of the global therapeutic drug monitoring market, who have been profiled in the report, are Bio-Rad Laboratories, Beckman Coulter, Siemens Healthcare, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Exagen Diagnostics, bioMerieu, AESKU.Diagnostics, Adaptive Biotechnologies, Alere, Bio-Techne, DiaSorin, BUeHLMANN Laboratories, Euro Diagnostica, Quest Diagnostics, InSource Diagnostics, IDEXX Laboratories, Merck Millipore, Myriad Genetics, Miraca Life Sciences, Phadia, SEKISUI MEDICAL, Tecan, and SQI Diagnostics.

About MarketResearchReports.bizMarketResearchReports.biz is the most comprehensive collection of market research reports. MarketResearchReports.Biz services are specially designed to save time and money for our clients. We are a one stop solution for all your research needs, our main offerings are syndicated research reports, custom research, subscription access and consulting services. We serve all sizes and types of companies spanning across various industries.

ContactMr. NachiketState Tower90 Sate Street, Suite 700Albany, NY 12207Tel: +1-518-621-2074Website: http://www.marketresearchreports.biz/ E: sales@marketresearchreports.biz

For more information on this press release visit: http://www.sbwire.com/press-releases/therapeutic-drug-monitoring/healthcare/release-842012.htm

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Growing Demand for Personalized Medicine Driving Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Market - Digital Journal

Margaretta Page, RN, MS, UCSF Neuro-Oncology Gordon Murray Caregiver Program, will discuss her experience in creating the first neuro-oncology caregiver program at UCSF and share some early caregiver survey data in a session entitled, "Improving Quality of Life for the Caregiver." Page's efforts to create the UCSF Neuro-Oncology Caregiver Program appear in a paper published in the June 2017 issue of Neuro-Oncology Practice.

"Neuro-oncology caregivers face unique challenges as they are caring for a loved one with a catastrophic, life-threatening diagnosis combined with progressive neurological decline that can produce great distress," Page said. "A tailored plan that includes information about the disease and disease transitions, the role of the caregiver, managing children in the home when a parent has a brain tumor, and the need for connection with others are among the high need areas."

Tobias Walbert, MD, PhD, MPH, Co-Director of the Hermelin Brain Tumor Center, Henry Ford Health System, is a board certified neurologist, neuro-oncologist and palliative care and hospice physician. His research focus includes helping patients and their families with symptom management, advance care planning, communication and end-of-life decision making.

Dr. Walbert, who believes that "cutting edge therapy needs to come together with a sense of family and a sense of hope," will share his approach to creating individualized supportive care plans for patients that begin with diagnosis and are evaluated and adapted to reflect evolving patient needs throughout the trajectory of the disease, in a breakout session entitled, "Supportive Care and Brain Tumors."

Break-out sessions are scheduled for Sat., Aug. 5. Additional topics include innovations in:

The ABTA National Patient & Family Conference, Redefining Survivorship Through Science, Technology and Clinical Innovation is being held at the Westin O'Hare in Rosemont, Ill., August 4-5. Advance registration is encouraged; walk-in registration will be based upon space availability.

To view the conference program and register, visit http://www.braintumorconference.org, or call 800-886-ABTA (2282) or email info@abta.org.

ABOUT THE AMERICAN BRAIN TUMOR ASSOCIATIONFounded in 1973, the American Brain Tumor Association was the first national patient advocacy organization committed to funding brain tumor research and providing education and information for people of all tumor types and all ages. For more information, visit http://www.abta.org or call 800-886-ABTA (2282).

CONTACT: Jennifer Keljik, jkeljik@abta.org, 773-577-8790

To view the original version on PR Newswire, visit:http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/personalized-medicine-extending-to-supportive-needs-of-brain-tumor-patientscaregivers-300484724.html

SOURCE American Brain Tumor Association

http://www.abta.org

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Personalized Medicine Extending to Supportive Needs of Brain Tumor Patients/Caregivers - PR Newswire (press release)

Back to Browse Journals Journal of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Volume 4

Danijel Galun,1,2 Tatjana Srdic-Rajic,3 Aleksandar Bogdanovic,1 Zlatibor Loncar,2,4 Marinko Zuvela1,2

1Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Unit, University Clinic for Digestive Surgery, Clinical Center of Serbia, 2Medical School, University of Belgrade, 3Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia/Unit for Experimental Oncology, 4Emergency Center, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia

Abstract: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is characterized by a growing number of new cases diagnosed each year that is nearly equal to the number of deaths from this cancer. In a majority of the cases, HCC is associated with the underlying chronic liver disease, and it is diagnosed in advanced stage of disease when curative treatment options are not applicable. Sorafenib is a treatment of choice for patients with performance status 1 or 2 and/or macrovascular invasion or extrahepatic spread, and regorafenib is the only systemic treatment found to provide survival benefit in HCC patients progressing on sorafenib treatment. Other drugs tested in different trials failed to demonstrate any benefit. Disappointing results of numerous trials testing the efficacy of various drugs indicate that HCC has low sensitivity to chemotherapy that is in great part caused by multidrug resistance. Immunotherapy for HCC is a new challenging treatment option and involves immune checkpoint inhibitors/antibody-based therapy and peptide-based vaccines. Another challenging approach is microRNA-based therapy that involves two strategies. The first aims to inhibit oncogenic miRNAs by using miRNA antagonists and the second strategy is miRNA replacement, which involves the reintroduction of a tumor-suppressor miRNA mimetic to restore a loss of function.

Keywords: hepatocellular carcinoma, drug resistance, multimodal treatment, chemotherapy

This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution - Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License.By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms.

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Targeted therapy and personalized medicine in hepatocellular ... - Dove Medical Press

OXNARD, California and TEL AVIV, Israel, July 11, 2017 /PRNewswire/ CURE Pharmaceutical (OTCQB: CURR), (CURE), a leading disruptive drug delivery technology and pharmaceutical cannabinoid molecule development company and Therapix Biosciences (NASDAQ: Ltd. (Nasdaq: TRPX), (Therapix), a specialty clinical-stage pharmaceutical company dedicated to the development of cannabinoid-based drugs headquartered in Israel, announced today that they signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU) to enter into a research collaboration with Israels largest and leading private medical services center, Assuta Medical Centers, Ltd., (Assuta). The Companies will collaborate to advance, research, develop and commercialize potential therapeutic products in the fields of personalized medicine and cannabinoids.

As CURE focuses on targeting unmet needs in traditional pharmaceutical markets that could be disrupted by cannabinoid-based options, we are continuously looking to help bring new therapeutic cannabinoid-based products to market and further efforts toward the creation of personalized medicine, said Robert Davidson, CEO of CURE Pharmaceutical. Our new collaboration with Therapix and Assuta, two leading companies in Israel, a Country that is at the forefront of cannabinoid-based research in the world, is the perfect place to start the development of these products.

CURE is the ideal partner for us to enter this promising and cutting-edge personalized cannabinoid-based therapeutics; this deal has all the signs of a fruitful venture.

As agreed to in the MOU, the Companies intend to formalize the pooling of professional, scientific, financial resources and expertise, in order to benefit from each of its respective advantages and capabilities to develop new therapeutic products in the fields of personalized medicine and cannabinoids. Specifically, CURE and Therapix will provide support and expertise in the development of pharmaceutical products, while Assuta will support the early research and development of potential projects through its research and facilities.

Assuta is happy to enter into the MOU with CURE and Therapix, and I am confident that the parties cooperation will be a successful one, with many other projects to follow. This new collaboration is yet another step Assuta is taking in the innovation world, and one of many steps to be taken by Assuta in the field of biopharma.

About CURE Pharmaceutical

Headquartered in Oxnard, California, CURE Pharmaceutical (OTC:CURE) is a fully integrated specialty pharmaceutical/bioscience company that leverages disruptive proprietary drug delivery technologies for a broad range of molecules serving the biopharmaceutical, veterinarian, medical foods and pharmaceutical cannabis markets. CURE develops its patented and proprietary delivery system (CureFilm), the most advanced oral thin film on the market today, from its industry leading full service cGMP manufacturing facility. The Companys mission is to deliver proven drugs in a fast and efficient manner and to improve quality of life.

For more information about CURE Pharmaceutical, please visit its website at http://www.curepharmaceutical.com.

About Therapix Biosciences Ltd.

Therapix Biosciences Ltd. (Nasdaq: TRPX) is a specialty clinical-stage pharmaceutical company focused on developing technologies and therapeutics based on cannabinoid pharmaceuticals. The Companys clinical pipeline assets follow a de-risked 505(b)(2) regulatory pathway benefitting from Therapixs unique proprietary formulations based on repurposing an FDA approved synthetic cannabinoid (dronabinol). Therapixs lead compound, THX-TS01, is currently in Phase 2 clinical trials for Tourettes Syndrome and the Company intends to initiate a Phase 1 clinical study of THX-ULD01 for the treatment of Mild Cognitive Impairment, for which no FDA-approved therapies currently exist.

Please visit our website for more information at http://www.therapixbio.com.

About Assuta Medical Centers

Assuta Medical Centers (https://www.assuta.co.il/en/) is the largest private hospital network in Israel operating 8 hospitals and medical centers from north to south. Owned by Maccabi Healthcare, the second largest HMO in Israel, Assuta accounts for about 15% of the surgeries in Israel and takes care of the health of more than 1 million patients yearly. Assuta holds JCI quality accreditation with excellence and its service standards are ranked as top tier by the ministry of health.

Original press release:http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/cure-pharmaceuticaltherapix-biosciences-signs-mou-with-israels-assuta-medical-center-to-develop-first-in-class-therapeutic-products-in-fields-of-personalized-medicinecannabinoids-300486025.html

The most reliable, fact-based information on Therapix Biosciences found only on its Investor Dashboard.

Before this cannabis stock news is here, it's published to subscribers on 420 Investor.

The NCV Newswire by New Cannabis Ventures aims to curate high quality content and information about leading cannabis companies to help our readers filter out the noise and to stay on top of the most important cannabis business news. The NCV Newswire is hand-curated by an editor and not automated in anyway. For questions contact us.

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CURE Pharmaceutical & Therapix Biosciences Signs MOU with Israel's Assuta Medical Center to Develop First-in ... - New Cannabis Ventures (blog)

Register Now for the Personalized Medicine Summit 2017

Sunday June 11th-Tuesday June 13th, 2017-The Summit will be held at the Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC

The Personalized Medicine Initiative and partners are pleased to announce the 2nd Personalized Medicine Summit 2017, scheduled for June 11-13, 2017 at the University of British Columbia (UBC). This meeting follows on from the highly successful 1st Personalized Summit 2015 at UBC, which resulted in a consensus advisory document, the Roadmap for Bringing Personalized Medicine to British Columbians. The Summit will produce an updated Roadmap to assist government, the public and healthcare providers to implement personalized precision medicine to result in more efficient and effective healthcare.

The 2nd Summit will attract an internationally renowned faculty and will be of interest to clinicians, patient advocates, health care providers, academics and representatives from government and industry who are interested in the revolution in healthcare that is being enabled by personalized, molecularly-based medicine. We anticipate approximately 450 attendees.

The deliverable of the summit meeting will be an updated edition of our 2015 publication Roadmap for Bringing Personalized Medicine to British Columbians (see attached). This publication summarized the consensus arising from the Personalized Medicine Summit 2015 and made four major recommendations:

Contact:

the.summit@ubc.ca

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Personalized Medicine Summit Personalized Medicine ...

Study by study, researchers are pushing ever closer toward identifying the gene variants to blame for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The latest and most promising findings were published in the journal Nature.

There are two forms of IBD: ulcerative colitis, which affects only the colon and is more common in women; and Crohn's disease, which can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract and is slightly more common in men. Today, IBD affects between 1 and 1.3 million Americans, yet we understand very little about why it happens or why some groups of people are more susceptible than others.

It's possible and even likely, scientists say, that the root of the illness could lie in our genes. Previous studies have linked IBD to hundreds of different genetic variants, but that's as specific as they could get.

To take a closer look, researchers at three institutions collaborated to build a massive, high-resolution genetic map. They collected the genomes of 67,852 different people18,967 with Crohn's disease, 14,628 with ulcerative colitis, and 34,257 healthy people for a control groupand combed through, looking for variants unique to the folks with IBD.

Like previous researchers, they found plenty. But the new map was so detailed that its creators could zoom in further and further down, checking how likely it was that any given variant could actually cause the disease. From hundreds, they narrowed it down to just 18 variants, and had at least 95 percent certainty that these were the ones responsible. Some of these gene variants were related to processing amino acids; some seemed to interfere with healthy molecule binding; and some were tied to the switching on and off of immune or gut cells.

"We need to be careful in deciding when we are sure we have the right variant," first author Hailiang Huang, of Massachusetts General Hospital and the Broad Institute, said in a statement. "This new technique helps us to pinpoint which genetic variants are implicated in IBD with greater confidence."

The authors say that isolating IBD-related gene variants will help develop new drugs, and could someday even aid in personalized medicine by helping doctors identify which existing drugs will be most effective for their patients.

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We Just Got Two Steps Closer to Personalized Cancer Vaccines ... - Mental Floss

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Read the original:
What Is Personalized Medicine?

At the Swedish Cancer Institute, we practice personalized medicine every day. We combine the newest, most advanced science with extraordinary medicine and patient-centered care in order to develop a care plan thats personalized for you. Our approach ensures the best treatment pathway for you right from the start. Using Gene Sequencing to Help Treat Your Cancer

Not all cancers are alike. Just as your genetic fingerprint determines the color of your hair and eyes, a tumors genomic fingerprint defines the cancer cells.

Identifying a tumors genomic fingerprint is called gene sequencing. This science is helping many of our patients get the best cancer treatment. Find more details about how we use gene sequencing to treat cancer.

Patients with the same type of cancer usually received the same type of treatment. For example, if you had stage IV colon cancer, you probably received similar initial chemotherapy as every other patient with stage IV colon cancer.

Today, gene sequencing allows cancer specialists at the Swedish Cancer Institute to identify gene abnormalities in cancer cells and then personalize cancer treatments for those specific abnormalities independent of where the cells or tumors are located. This information allows us to create a customized treatment plan that will work best for you.Learn more about how your personal treatment plan is developed.

Personalized medicine is the most comprehensive, effective and efficient approach to cancer care.

Cancer is personal, so we make sure everything at the Swedish Cancer Institute is personal, too. It begins with your cancer-care team. You will have a team of cancer specialists created specifically for your particular needs.

Learn more about the cancer care team

Personalized medicine at the Swedish Cancer Institute means we harness every tool to focus our clinical expertise on your disease. And we use utilize every type of therapy provide customized whole person care, focused specifically on you not just your disease.

We provide an environment, resources and support that attend to your physical, psychological, social and other needs. And because we acknowledge that you may have developed many important personal relationships long before your battle with cancer began, we also offer educational and supportive services that are designed specifically for your families and caregivers.

We call this aspect of personalized medicine supportive care services because they provide essential nurturing support critical to you throughout your cancer management from diagnosis, through treatment and survivorship.

Learn more about our supportive care services

See the rest here:
Personalized Medicine - Swedish Medical Center

Conference Series LLC Conferences invites all the participants across the globe to attend 8th International Conference on Biomarkers and Clinical Research during December 05-07, 2016 in Philadelphia, USA which includes prompt Keynote presentations, Oral talks, Poster presentations and Exhibitions.

Biomarkers 2016will mainly focus on the types of biomarkers, Functional genomics and cytogenetic biomarkers and its clinical research and development, omics technologies in discovery and its validation, biomarkers of exposure response and susceptibility, biomarkers disorders, techniques to maximize biomarker identification, biomarkers nano science.

Conference Series LLC, the host of this conference is comprised of 3000+ Global Events with over 600+ Conferences, 1200+ Symposiums and 1200+Workshops on diverse Medical, Pharmaceutical, Clinical, Engineering, Science, Technology, Business and Management field is organizing conferences all over the globe.Biomarkers 2016 is the worlds largest multidisciplinarycancer meeting. Biomarkers and cancer conferencesinclude scientific keynote lectures, symposia, workshops, exhibitions with the support fromOncology SocietyandAmerican Oncology Society. Cancer conferences includeEuropean oncology conferences,surgical oncology global cancer conferenceandcancer conferences.

Track 1:Types of Biomarkers

Biomarkeris a characteristic diagnostic tool that is objectively measured and evaluated as an indicator of normalbiological processes, pathogenic processes or pharmacological responses to a therapeutic intervention. Biomarkers can be molecules, or genes, gene products, enzymes, or hormones referred asprotein biomarkers, analytical biomarkers, blood biomarkers, fluorescent biomarkers, circulating biomarkers and molecular biomarkers to quantify the degree of disease condition. Biomarkers are the measures used to perform a clinical assessment in case ofcancer biomarkers. They predict health states in individuals across populations so that appropriate therapeutic intervention can be planned. In the current scenario more than a thousand organizations and universities have contributed to the field of Biomarkers research especially molecular and cancer biomarkers, with its wings spreading across major organizations in USA, UK, Germany and China. The global biomarkers market is expected to grow from $29.3 billion in 2013 to $53.6 billion in 2018, a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 12.8%.Different types of biomarkers includeProtein biomarkers, Fluorescent biomarkers,Blood biomarkers, Cancer biomarkers, Analytical biomarkers andMolecular Biomarkers.

Related Biomarkers Conferences | Cancer Conferences | Biomarkers Meetings

12th Euro Global Summit onCancer Therapy, September 26-28 2016, London, UK; 13th GlobalOncologistsSummit, October 17-19 2016, Dubai, UAE; Global Summit onMelanoma, September 25-26, 2017 Rome, Italy; Multiple Myeloma Conference, October 15-17, 2017 Milan, Italy; Radiology Conference, October 23-25, 2017 Chicago, USA; 6thAnnual Asia-Pacific Prostate Society Conference, September 9 -10 Seoul, Korea; 68thAnnual German Society of Urology Congress, September 28-October 1, 2016 Leipzig, Germany; 72ndAnnual Canadian Urological Association Meeting, June 25-27, 2017 Toronto, Canada; 4th Annual Immuno-Oncology Summit, August 29-September 2, 2016 Boston, USA; 2nd Biomarkers, Diagnostics & Clinical Research Conference, September 19-20 Boston, USA; Biomarkers and Targeted Therapeutics in Sjgrens (BATTS) Conference, September 19-22, 2016 Oklahoma, USA; NCRI Cancer Conference, November 6-9, 2016 Liverpool, UK; 6th Munich Biomarker Conference, November 29-30, 2016 Munchen, Germany; Annual Meeting of American Association of Genitourinary Surgeons, April 27-30, 2017 Florida, USA.

Track 2: Cancer Biomarkers

Cancer biomarkers are used to detect the natural course of a tumour and are used to assess chances of developing cancer. Biomarkers in cancer screening play an important role in cancer detection and risk assessment to reduce cancer deaths. Tumour biomarkers are used to detect cancer development and progression. Uterine cervical cancer, endometrial cancer, trophoblastic neoplasms and ovarian cancer are gynaecologic malignancies for which tumour markers are in clinical use. Effective cancer biomarkers are used to reduce cancer mortality rates by facilitating diagnosis of cancers at early stages. Cancer biomarkers can also be used in diagnosis, risk assessment and recurrence of cancer.

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Oral Cancer Conference, August 18-20 2016, Portland, USA; Surgical Oncology Conference, August 29-31 2016, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Cancer Diagnostics Conference, May 8-10, 2017 Dubai, UAE; 3rd Prostate Cancer Conference, June 26-28, 2017 Baltimore, USA; Lymphoma Conference, July 24-26, 2017 Rome, Italy; 14thUrological Association of Asia Congress, July 20-24, 2016 Suntec, Singapore; 17thAsia-Pacific Prostate Cancer Conference, August 31- September 3, 2016 Melbourne, Australia; ASCO Genitourinary Cancers Symposium, February, 16-18, 2017 Orlando, USA; 2ndInternational Prostate Cancer Symposium, August 6 -7, 2016 Moscow, Russia, 13thMeeting of the EAU Robotic Urology Section, September 14-16, 2016 Milan Italy; 11thAnnual Congress of Russian Association of Oncological Urology, 05-07, 2016 Moscow, Russia; 36thInternational Urology Congress, October 20-23, 2016 Argentina, South America, 27thInternational Prostate Cancer Update, January 24-27, 2017 Colorado, USA.

Track 3:Functional Genomics and Cytogenetic Biomarkers

The branch ofgenomicsthat determines the biological function and complex association of the genes and their products depicts thefunctional genomics. The measurable degree of these parameters through various processes and equipment inclusive of Next generation sequencing, Personalized genome sequencing and mi-RNA sequencing utilizing cellular entities to predict SNP biomarkers, immuno fluorescent biomarkers,oxidative stress biomarkers, si-RNA and mi-RNA will aid in better understanding of the disease outcome. Thecytogeneticbiomarkers are a feasible diagnostic tool to detect DNA and chromatin damage.

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MolecularBiomarkers Conference, September 15-17 2016 Berlin, Germany; Cervical Cancer Conference, September 22-23 2016, Vienna, Austria; Surgical Oncology Conference, October 23-25, 2017 Chicago, USA; 2nd Cervical Cancer Conference, October 29 -31, 2017 Brussels, Belgium; Cancer World Conventaion, November 26-28, 2017 Frankfurt, Germany; 89thAnnual Italian Society of Urology Congress, October 15-18, 2016 Venezia Italy; 62ndAnnual Meeting of Czech Urological Society, October 19-21, 2016 Czech Budejovice, Czech Republic; ESMO 2017 Congress, September 08-12, 2017 Madrid, Spain; International Cancer Education Conference, September 14-16, 2016 Bethesda, USA; 16th Biennial Meeting of the International Gynecologic Cancer Society, October 29-31 Lisbon, Portugal; World Cancer Congress , October 31 - November 3 Paris, France, Malaysia Urology Conference, November 24-28,2016 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Annual AUA Meeting, May 12-16, 2017 Boston, USA.

Track 4: Functional Transcriptomics and Profiling Techniques

The newly emerged discipline in the field of cytogenetic andfunctional genomicsis Molecular imaging biomarkers, aids in better visualization of the cellular function and the follow-up of the molecular process in living organisms without penetrance. Roche Diagnostics, GlaxoSmithKline, Siemens Healthcare, GE Healthcare and Merck & Co are a few of the key players in this market as observed inbiomarkerscongress. The functional genomics and cytogenetic market is estimated to reach 150M$ by 2017.Functional genomicscovers various areas of biomarkers applications like Next gen sequencing, Personalized genome sequencing, Micro RNA sequencing and SNP biomarkers.Cytogenetic biomarkersinclude Immuno flouscent biomarkers, Molecular imaging biomarkers, Oxidative Stress Biomarkers and si-RNA and mi-RNA.

Related Biomarkers Conferences | Cancer Conferences | Biomarkers Meetings

12th Euro Global Summit onCancer Therapy, September 26-28 2016, London, UK; 13th GlobalOncologistsSummit, October 17-19 2016, Dubai, UAE; Global Summit onMelanoma, September 25-26, 2017 Rome, Italy; Multiple Myeloma Conference, October 15-17, 2017 Milan, Italy; Radiology Conference, October 23-25, 2017 Chicago, USA; 6thAnnual Asia-Pacific Prostate Society Conference, September 9 -10 Seoul, Korea; 68thAnnual German Society of Urology Congress, September 28-October 1, 2016 Leipzig, Germany; 72ndAnnual Canadian Urological Association Meeting, June 25-27, 2017 Toronto, Canada; 4th Annual Immuno-Oncology Summit, August 29-September 2, 2016 Boston, USA; 2nd Biomarkers, Diagnostics & Clinical Research Conference, September 19-20 Boston, USA; Biomarkers and Targeted Therapeutics in Sjgrens (BATTS) Conference, September 19-22, 2016 Oklahoma, USA; NCRI Cancer Conference, November 6-9, 2016 Liverpool, UK; 6th Munich Biomarker Conference, November 29-30, 2016 Munchen, Germany; Annual Meeting of American Association of Genitourinary Surgeons, April 27-30, 2017 Florida, USA.

Track 5:Biomarkers in Clinical Research and Development

TheBiomarkersfinds its valuable application in the field ofClinical researchand development by case study and data management as evident through Biomarker conferences. The Bioethics and intellectual property right establishes the norms and standard of conduct of hypothesis with respect to clinical validation of biomarkers. The incorporation of biomarker inclinical trialsfor various disease conditions will put forth a valid diagnostic and therapeutic approach utilizing even the medical devices to detectclinical biomarkers. Currently this is the booming industry. Most of the reputed organizations like Pfizer, Parexel and Quintiles are into clinical research and development. The companies, hospitals and clinical research organizations are the hot spots for conducting clinical research with its growth rate increasing exponentially by an estimated 75B$ by 2016.In clinical research and development, clinical biomarkers are used in case study anddata management, clinical trials and in medical devices.

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Oral Cancer Conference, August 18-20 2016, Portland, USA; Surgical Oncology Conference, August 29-31 2016, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Cancer Diagnostics Conference, May 8-10, 2017 Dubai, UAE; 3rd Prostate Cancer Conference, June 26-28, 2017 Baltimore, USA; Lymphoma Conference, July 24-26, 2017 Rome, Italy; 14thUrological Association of Asia Congress, July 20-24, 2016 Suntec, Singapore; 17thAsia-Pacific Prostate Cancer Conference, August 31- September 3, 2016 Melbourne, Australia; ASCO Genitourinary Cancers Symposium, February, 16-18, 2017 Orlando, USA; 2ndInternational Prostate Cancer Symposium, August 6 -7, 2016 Moscow, Russia, 13thMeeting of the EAU Robotic Urology Section, September 14-16, 2016 Milan Italy; 11thAnnual Congress of Russian Association of Oncological Urology, 05-07, 2016 Moscow, Russia; 36thInternational Urology Congress, October 20-23, 2016 Argentina, South America, 27thInternational Prostate Cancer Update, January 24-27, 2017 Colorado, USA.

Track 6:Omics Technologies in Biomarkers Discovery and Validation

Biomarkersplay a critical role in disease diagnosis and treatment, especially for the early detection of cancer, to enable screening of asymptomatic populations. Recent omics technologies, such as Transcriptomics,genomicsand proteomics approaches besides Metabolomics are accelerating the rate of biomarker discovery. The incorporation of techniques like microarray data analysis, computational biology, data mining methods, Transcriptomics and profiling techniques are playing a crucial role in the validation of biomarkers. Since theHuman Genome Projectwas completed in April 2003, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have contributed toward a greater understanding of the genetic basis of complex diseases and advances in high-throughput technologies. This has enabled researchers to rapidly map the genome of vertebrates, invertebrates and pathogens through cost-effective methods. The applications ofBioinformaticstool in biomarker research is the current emerging field promoting better diagnosable parameters. The global omics market was valued at nearly $2.8 billion in 2011, nearly $3.2 billion in 2012, and is forecast to grow to nearly $7.5 billion by 2017 after increasing at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 18.7%. The omics technology segment holds the largest share of ~75% of the biomarker discovery market, primarily due to the increase in adoption ofproteomicsand genomics technologies, globally. There are several approaches in biomarkers discovery and validation likegenomics and proteomicapproaches, Microarray data analysis, Data mining methods and Transcriptomics and profiling techniques by making use of Computational biology and Application of Bioinformatics in biomarker discovery.

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2ndInternational Conference onProstate Cancerand Treatment, August 22-23, 2016, USA, Experts Meeting onGynaecologic Oncology, May 19-21, 2016 , USACancer DiagnosticsConference and Expo, June 13-15, 2016, Italy, 11thAsia PacificOncologistsConference, July 11-13, 2016, Kualalumpur, Malaysia, Global Summit onMelanoma and Carcinoma, July 14-15, 2016, Australia, Controversies inBreast Cancer (CoBRA) October 22-24, 2015, Australia, 16th Biennial Meeting of the InternationalGynaecologic CancerSociety, 29-31stOctober 2016, Lisbon, WSMOS FallOncologyConference, 30thOctober 2015,Uk, Next NRGOncologySemiannual Meeting, Jan 21-24th ,2015, Atlanta, Progress and Controversies inGynaecologic OncologyConference, 16-17 January 2015, Spain; 12thCancer ConferencesEurope September 26-28, 2016 London, UK; 12thOncology ConferencesEurope September 26-28, 2016 London, UK; 12thCancer Science EventsEurope September 26-28, 2016 London, UK;Cancer Global ConferencesMiddle East November 21-23, 2016 Dubai, UAE;Oncology ConferencesNovember 21-23, 2016 Dubai, UAE;Worldwide Cancer EventsNovember 21-23, 2016 Dubai, UAE;Breast Cancer ConferencesOctober 03-05, 2016 London, UK;Womens Health ConferencesOctober 03-05, 2016 London, UK.

Track 7:Biomarkers of Exposure Response and Susceptibility

Biomarkersof exposure are important in toxicology, because they are an indicator of internal exposure and genetic susceptibility to drug, chemicals or the amount ofchemicalexposure that got accumulated in the body. Significant advances have been made in developing analytical methods that detect and quantify many natural or synthetic toxins or their breakdown products in thebiologicalmatrix. The ability to accurately measure biomarkers of exposure depends upon an adequate understanding of the chemistry and toxicology of the substance under consideration.Epigenetic biomarkersalso quantify the degree of exposure to toxic dynamic and pharmacodynamics parameters inpathologicaland biochemical changes occurring due to exposure to harmful agents, brought to light by toxic dynamics meetings andpharmacodynamicsworkshops. This emerging field of study is gaining importance in industry with an estimate of more than 7,287 personnel conducting study across the globe. While studying the response and susceptibility parameters like toxic dynamic and pharmacodynamic parameters are taken into consideration to measure the internal exposure and genetic susceptibility to drugs and chemicals.

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MolecularBiomarkers Conference, September 15-17 2016 Berlin, Germany; Cervical Cancer Conference, September 22-23 2016, Vienna, Austria; Surgical Oncology Conference, October 23-25, 2017 Chicago, USA; 2nd Cervical Cancer Conference, October 29 -31, 2017 Brussels, Belgium; Cancer World Conventaion, November 26-28, 2017 Frankfurt, Germany; 89thAnnual Italian Society of Urology Congress, October 15-18, 2016 Venezia Italy; 62ndAnnual Meeting of Czech Urological Society, October 19-21, 2016 Czech Budejovice, Czech Republic; ESMO 2017 Congress, September 08-12, 2017 Madrid, Spain; International Cancer Education Conference, September 14-16, 2016 Bethesda, USA; 16th Biennial Meeting of the International Gynecologic Cancer Society, October 29-31 Lisbon, Portugal; World Cancer Congress , October 31 - November 3 Paris, France, Malaysia Urology Conference, November 24-28,2016 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Annual AUA Meeting, May 12-16, 2017 Boston, USA.

Track 8:Biomarkers for Disorders

Biomarkers are the characteristicbiological measurableindictors for the various disorders if occurring inabnormal levels. These are used as quantitative entities for neurological disorders, genetic disorders, metabolic disorders, cardiac disorders and inborn errors. The present era is focusing on the cancer research utilizing biomarkers as indictor of disease conditions. The lungcancer biomarkersand biomarkers for breast cancer are inclusive of genes, enzymes, proteins and cell surface entitles. Registering a compound annual growth rate of 14.60% from 2011 to 2018, the market foroncology biomarkerswas valued at $13.16 billion in 2011 and is expected to be worth $29.78 billion in 2018.Biomarkers are also used in diagnosing and treating various diseases and disorders likeNeurological disorders, Genetic disorders,Metabolic disorders, Cardiac disorders, Inborn errors, Lung cancer and Breast cancer.

Related Biomarkers Conferences | Cancer Conferences | Biomarkers Meetings

12th Euro Global Summit onCancer Therapy, September 26-28 2016, London, UK; 13th GlobalOncologistsSummit, October 17-19 2016, Dubai, UAE; Global Summit onMelanoma, September 25-26, 2017 Rome, Italy; Multiple Myeloma Conference, October 15-17, 2017 Milan, Italy; Radiology Conference, October 23-25, 2017 Chicago, USA; 6thAnnual Asia-Pacific Prostate Society Conference, September 9 -10 Seoul, Korea; 68thAnnual German Society of Urology Congress, September 28-October 1, 2016 Leipzig, Germany; 72ndAnnual Canadian Urological Association Meeting, June 25-27, 2017 Toronto, Canada; 4th Annual Immuno-Oncology Summit, August 29-September 2, 2016 Boston, USA; 2nd Biomarkers, Diagnostics & Clinical Research Conference, September 19-20 Boston, USA; Biomarkers and Targeted Therapeutics in Sjgrens (BATTS) Conference, September 19-22, 2016 Oklahoma, USA; NCRI Cancer Conference, November 6-9, 2016 Liverpool, UK; 6th Munich Biomarker Conference, November 29-30, 2016 Munchen, Germany; Annual Meeting of American Association of Genitourinary Surgeons, April 27-30, 2017 Florida, USA.

Track 9:Techniques to Maximize Biomarker Identification

Biomarkersare the existing bimolecular and integral indictors of disease condition of biological systems. The techniques used to identify and maximize the expression of biomarkers include RT-PCR genotyping, molecular imaging and dynamics,biochemicalassay and profiling,immunologicaltechniques and chromatographic techniques. A wider approach towards identification of biomarkers lies in theproteomicapproach besides utilizing biosensors as a compatible tool for evaluation of biomarker levels in the biological systems. Most of the companys focus is on generating cost effective durable profiling techniques and equipment to quantify biomarkers within a short span of time. Johnson & Johnson, GlaxoSmithKline Plc., GEHealthcare, Affymetrix Inc., Bio-Rad Laboratories Inc. are a few of the key players in this market. Partnerships, agreements,collaborations, & mergers and acquisitions are the key business strategies adopted by market participants to ensure their growth in the market.

Related Biomarkers Conferences | Cancer Conferences | Biomarkers Meetings

Oral Cancer Conference, August 18-20 2016, Portland, USA; Surgical Oncology Conference, August 29-31 2016, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Cancer Diagnostics Conference, May 8-10, 2017 Dubai, UAE; 3rd Prostate Cancer Conference, June 26-28, 2017 Baltimore, USA; Lymphoma Conference, July 24-26, 2017 Rome, Italy; 14thUrological Association of Asia Congress, July 20-24, 2016 Suntec, Singapore; 17thAsia-Pacific Prostate Cancer Conference, August 31- September 3, 2016 Melbourne, Australia; ASCO Genitourinary Cancers Symposium, February, 16-18, 2017 Orlando, USA; 2ndInternational Prostate Cancer Symposium, August 6 -7, 2016 Moscow, Russia, 13thMeeting of the EAU Robotic Urology Section, September 14-16, 2016 Milan Italy; 11thAnnual Congress of Russian Association of Oncological Urology, 05-07, 2016 Moscow, Russia; 36thInternational Urology Congress, October 20-23, 2016 Argentina, South America, 27thInternational Prostate Cancer Update, January 24-27, 2017 Colorado, USA.

Track 10:Biomarkers in Nano science

Nano science is the study of structures and materials on the scale of nanometres.Nanotechnologymay be able to create many new materials and devices with a vast range of applications in medicine, electronics, biomaterialsenergy production, and consumer products. Nanotechnology is evolving rapidly with nanoparticles events. An estimated 1 million workers in R&D and production are involved in the field of Nano science and nanomaterial generation. Interaction of biomarkers with nanoparticles aids in identification and validation throughbiologicaland biomedical applications. Current marketholds Nano devices and nanomaterial for identification, quantifying, calibrating and even in surgeries. The US leads the world in investing and in the number ofNanotech Companies. Global consumption ofnanomaterialis expected to grow in unit terms from nearly 225,060 metric tons in 2014 to nearly 584,984 metric tons in 2019, a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 21.1% for the period of 2014 to 2019.Nano science is another rapidly growing area where application ofnanotechnologytobiomarkersis used for biological and biomedical applications like Nano devices.

Related Biomarkers Conferences | Cancer Conferences | Biomarkers Meetings

MolecularBiomarkers Conference, September 15-17 2016 Berlin, Germany; Cervical Cancer Conference, September 22-23 2016, Vienna, Austria; Surgical Oncology Conference, October 23-25, 2017 Chicago, USA; 2nd Cervical Cancer Conference, October 29 -31, 2017 Brussels, Belgium; Cancer World Conventaion, November 26-28, 2017 Frankfurt, Germany; 89thAnnual Italian Society of Urology Congress, October 15-18, 2016 Venezia Italy; 62ndAnnual Meeting of Czech Urological Society, October 19-21, 2016 Czech Budejovice, Czech Republic; ESMO 2017 Congress, September 08-12, 2017 Madrid, Spain; International Cancer Education Conference, September 14-16, 2016 Bethesda, USA; 16th Biennial Meeting of the International Gynecologic Cancer Society, October 29-31 Lisbon, Portugal; World Cancer Congress , October 31 - November 3 Paris, France, Malaysia Urology Conference, November 24-28,2016 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Annual AUA Meeting, May 12-16, 2017 Boston, USA.

Track 11: Biomarkers in Toxicology

Biomarkers are used for detecting kidney toxicity. Kidney toxicity is detected using biomarkers serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen. Many qualified biomarkers are used to develop products to conquer the kidney toxicity problem. Latest research on biomarkers discovered new approaches to predicting and recognising toxic exposures of macromolecular adducts and their potential consequences.

Related Biomarkers Conferences | Cancer Conferences | Biomarkers Meetings

12th Euro Global Summit onCancer Therapy, September 26-28 2016, London, UK; 13th GlobalOncologistsSummit, October 17-19 2016, Dubai, UAE; Global Summit onMelanoma, September 25-26, 2017 Rome, Italy; Multiple Myeloma Conference, October 15-17, 2017 Milan, Italy; Radiology Conference, October 23-25, 2017 Chicago, USA; 6thAnnual Asia-Pacific Prostate Society Conference, September 9 -10 Seoul, Korea; 68thAnnual German Society of Urology Congress, September 28-October 1, 2016 Leipzig, Germany; 72ndAnnual Canadian Urological Association Meeting, June 25-27, 2017 Toronto, Canada; 4th Annual Immuno-Oncology Summit, August 29-September 2, 2016 Boston, USA; 2nd Biomarkers, Diagnostics & Clinical Research Conference, September 19-20 Boston, USA; Biomarkers and Targeted Therapeutics in Sjgrens (BATTS) Conference, September 19-22, 2016 Oklahoma, USA; NCRI Cancer Conference, November 6-9, 2016 Liverpool, UK; 6th Munich Biomarker Conference, November 29-30, 2016 Munchen, Germany; Annual Meeting of American Association of Genitourinary Surgeons, April 27-30, 2017 Florida, USA.

Track 12: Biomarkers in Microbial Infections

Biomarkers can be used for microbial infections and can be used for early diagnosis and prognosis of the disease. The diagnostic performance of biomarkers is usually measured in terms of sensitivity.

Related Biomarkers Conferences | Cancer Conferences | Biomarkers Meetings

Oral Cancer Conference, August 18-20 2016, Portland, USA; Surgical Oncology Conference, August 29-31 2016, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Cancer Diagnostics Conference, May 8-10, 2017 Dubai, UAE; 3rd Prostate Cancer Conference, June 26-28, 2017 Baltimore, USA; Lymphoma Conference, July 24-26, 2017 Rome, Italy; 14thUrological Association of Asia Congress, July 20-24, 2016 Suntec, Singapore; 17thAsia-Pacific Prostate Cancer Conference, August 31- September 3, 2016 Melbourne, Australia; ASCO Genitourinary Cancers Symposium, February, 16-18, 2017 Orlando, USA; 2ndInternational Prostate Cancer Symposium, August 6 -7, 2016 Moscow, Russia, 13thMeeting of the EAU Robotic Urology Section, September 14-16, 2016 Milan Italy; 11thAnnual Congress of Russian Association of Oncological Urology, 05-07, 2016 Moscow, Russia; 36thInternational Urology Congress, October 20-23, 2016 Argentina, South America, 27thInternational Prostate Cancer Update, January 24-27, 2017 Colorado, USA.

Track 13: Biomarkers in Drug Discovery

The role of Biomarkers in drug discovery and development is to understand the pathophysiology of disease. Biomarkers can be a clinical tool for drug discovery and development by confirming the efficacy and safety to the right patient. Biomarkers can be used in understanding the mechanism of drug.

Related Biomarkers Conferences | Cancer Conferences | Biomarkers Meetings

MolecularBiomarkers Conference, September 15-17 2016 Berlin, Germany; Cervical Cancer Conference, September 22-23 2016, Vienna, Austria; Surgical Oncology Conference, October 23-25, 2017 Chicago, USA; 2nd Cervical Cancer Conference, October 29 -31, 2017 Brussels, Belgium; Cancer World Conventaion, November 26-28, 2017 Frankfurt, Germany; 89thAnnual Italian Society of Urology Congress, October 15-18, 2016 Venezia Italy; 62ndAnnual Meeting of Czech Urological Society, October 19-21, 2016 Czech Budejovice, Czech Republic; ESMO 2017 Congress, September 08-12, 2017 Madrid, Spain; International Cancer Education Conference, September 14-16, 2016 Bethesda, USA; 16th Biennial Meeting of the International Gynecologic Cancer Society, October 29-31 Lisbon, Portugal; World Cancer Congress , October 31 - November 3 Paris, France, Malaysia Urology Conference, November 24-28,2016 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Annual AUA Meeting, May 12-16, 2017 Boston, USA.

Track 14: Personalized Medicine and Data Analysis

Recently there has been enhanced and advanced biomedical technology such as high-throughput molecular imaging and microarrays to monitor SNPs, gene and protein expressions, to provide exhaustive situations for individuals. The biological and medical status from such data sets, which are viewed as biomarkers in a wide sense to help to do identification, association, and prediction studies for phenotypes such as cancer subtypes, prognosis, treatment responsiveness, and adverse reactions for personalized medicine.

Related Biomarkers Conferences | Cancer Conferences | Biomarkers Meetings

12th Euro Global Summit onCancer Therapy, September 26-28 2016, London, UK; 13th GlobalOncologistsSummit, October 17-19 2016, Dubai, UAE; Global Summit onMelanoma, September 25-26, 2017 Rome, Italy; Multiple Myeloma Conference, October 15-17, 2017 Milan, Italy; Radiology Conference, October 23-25, 2017 Chicago, USA; 6thAnnual Asia-Pacific Prostate Society Conference, September 9 -10 Seoul, Korea; 68thAnnual German Society of Urology Congress, September 28-October 1, 2016 Leipzig, Germany; 72ndAnnual Canadian Urological Association Meeting, June 25-27, 2017 Toronto, Canada; 4th Annual Immuno-Oncology Summit, August 29-September 2, 2016 Boston, USA; 2nd Biomarkers, Diagnostics & Clinical Research Conference, September 19-20 Boston, USA; Biomarkers and Targeted Therapeutics in Sjgrens (BATTS) Conference, September 19-22, 2016 Oklahoma, USA; NCRI Cancer Conference, November 6-9, 2016 Liverpool, UK; 6th Munich Biomarker Conference, November 29-30, 2016 Munchen, Germany; Annual Meeting of American Association of Genitourinary Surgeons, April 27-30, 2017 Florida, USA.

Track 15: Nutritional Biomarkers

A nutritional biomarker can be any biological specimen that is an indicator of nutritional status with respect to intake or metabolism of dietary constituents. It can be a biochemical, functional or clinical index of status of an essential nutrient or other dietary constituent. Nutritional biomarkers may be interpreted more broadly as a biologic consequence of dietary intake or dietary patterns.

Related Biomarkers Conferences | Cancer Conferences | Biomarkers Meetings

Oral Cancer Conference, August 18-20 2016, Portland, USA; Surgical Oncology Conference, August 29-31 2016, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Cancer Diagnostics Conference, May 8-10, 2017 Dubai, UAE; 3rd Prostate Cancer Conference, June 26-28, 2017 Baltimore, USA; Lymphoma Conference, July 24-26, 2017 Rome, Italy; 14thUrological Association of Asia Congress, July 20-24, 2016 Suntec, Singapore; 17thAsia-Pacific Prostate Cancer Conference, August 31- September 3, 2016 Melbourne, Australia; ASCO Genitourinary Cancers Symposium, February, 16-18, 2017 Orlando, USA; 2ndInternational Prostate Cancer Symposium, August 6 -7, 2016 Moscow, Russia, 13thMeeting of the EAU Robotic Urology Section, September 14-16, 2016 Milan Italy; 11thAnnual Congress of Russian Association of Oncological Urology, 05-07, 2016 Moscow, Russia; 36thInternational Urology Congress, October 20-23, 2016 Argentina, South America, 27thInternational Prostate Cancer Update, January 24-27, 2017 Colorado, USA.

Track 16: Current Research Concepts in Biomarkers

Current Research Concepts in Biomarkers include research in glucose disorders, Biomarkers in disease and health, technologies in biomarker discovery, translational biomarker research and the use of biomarkers in pre-clinical and clinical studies.

Related Biomarkers Conferences | Cancer Conferences | Biomarkers Meetings

MolecularBiomarkers Conference, September 15-17 2016 Berlin, Germany; Cervical Cancer Conference, September 22-23 2016, Vienna, Austria; Surgical Oncology Conference, October 23-25, 2017 Chicago, USA; 2nd Cervical Cancer Conference, October 29 -31, 2017 Brussels, Belgium; Cancer World Conventaion, November 26-28, 2017 Frankfurt, Germany; 89thAnnual Italian Society of Urology Congress, October 15-18, 2016 Venezia Italy; 62ndAnnual Meeting of Czech Urological Society, October 19-21, 2016 Czech Budejovice, Czech Republic; ESMO 2017 Congress, September 08-12, 2017 Madrid, Spain; International Cancer Education Conference, September 14-16, 2016 Bethesda, USA; 16th Biennial Meeting of the International Gynecologic Cancer Society, October 29-31 Lisbon, Portugal; World Cancer Congress , October 31 - November 3 Paris, France, Malaysia Urology Conference, November 24-28,2016 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Annual AUA Meeting, May 12-16, 2017 Boston, USA

Track 17: Oncologists: Biomarkers

An oncologist is a doctor who specializes in treating people with cancer. The oncologists research into the causes, prevention, detection, and treatment of cancer is going on in many medical centres throughout the world.

Related Biomarkers Conferences | Cancer Conferences | Biomarkers Meetings

12th Euro Global Summit onCancer Therapy, September 26-28 2016, London, UK; 13th GlobalOncologistsSummit, October 17-19 2016, Dubai, UAE; Global Summit onMelanoma, September 25-26, 2017 Rome, Italy; Multiple Myeloma Conference, October 15-17, 2017 Milan, Italy; Radiology Conference, October 23-25, 2017 Chicago, USA; 6thAnnual Asia-Pacific Prostate Society Conference, September 9 -10 Seoul, Korea; 68thAnnual German Society of Urology Congress, September 28-October 1, 2016 Leipzig, Germany; 72ndAnnual Canadian Urological Association Meeting, June 25-27, 2017 Toronto, Canada; 4th Annual Immuno-Oncology Summit, August 29-September 2, 2016 Boston, USA; 2nd Biomarkers, Diagnostics & Clinical Research Conference, September 19-20 Boston, USA; Biomarkers and Targeted Therapeutics in Sjgrens (BATTS) Conference, September 19-22, 2016 Oklahoma, USA; NCRI Cancer Conference, November 6-9, 2016 Liverpool, UK; 6th Munich Biomarker Conference, November 29-30, 2016 Munchen, Germany; Annual Meeting of American Association of Genitourinary Surgeons, April 27-30, 2017 Florida, USA.

Track 18: Biomarkers in Market

With the emerging importance to quantify and validate various disease conditions, many organizations, companies, and universities have stepped forward to contribute to the field of biomarkers discovery and quantification for better prognosis of disease conditions. The Biomarkers is the second leading industry after clinical research and development. The Biomarkers in pharmaceutical industry, biomarkers in oncology & other diseases has attained utmost recognition due to global spread of cancer and other diseases. The Biomarkers validation and regulatory affairs and diagnostic biomarker are booming industry with an estimate of more than 270 companies involved across the globe in 2016.

Related Biomarkers Conferences | Cancer Conferences | Biomarkers Meetings

MolecularBiomarkers Conference, September 15-17 2016 Berlin, Germany; Cervical Cancer Conference, September 22-23 2016, Vienna, Austria; Surgical Oncology Conference, October 23-25, 2017 Chicago, USA; 2nd Cervical Cancer Conference, October 29 -31, 2017 Brussels, Belgium; Cancer World Conventaion, November 26-28, 2017 Frankfurt, Germany; 89thAnnual Italian Society of Urology Congress, October 15-18, 2016 Venezia Italy; 62ndAnnual Meeting of Czech Urological Society, October 19-21, 2016 Czech Budejovice, Czech Republic; ESMO 2017 Congress, September 08-12, 2017 Madrid, Spain; International Cancer Education Conference, September 14-16, 2016 Bethesda, USA; 16th Biennial Meeting of the International Gynecologic Cancer Society, October 29-31 Lisbon, Portugal; World Cancer Congress , October 31 - November 3 Paris, France, Malaysia Urology Conference, November 24-28,2016 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Annual AUA Meeting, May 12-16, 2017 Boston, USA.

Track 19: Biomarkers Case Reports

Biomarkers case reports play a crucial role in moving new treatments to patients who need those most, securing data so regulatory approvals can be obtained and new drugs can move into widespread clinical practice.

Related Biomarkers Conferences | Cancer Conferences | Biomarkers Meetings

12th Euro Global Summit onCancer Therapy, September 26-28 2016, London, UK; 13th GlobalOncologistsSummit, October 17-19 2016, Dubai, UAE; Global Summit onMelanoma, September 25-26, 2017 Rome, Italy; Multiple Myeloma Conference, October 15-17, 2017 Milan, Italy; Radiology Conference, October 23-25, 2017 Chicago, USA; 6thAnnual Asia-Pacific Prostate Society Conference, September 9 -10 Seoul, Korea; 68thAnnual German Society of Urology Congress, September 28-October 1, 2016 Leipzig, Germany; 72ndAnnual Canadian Urological Association Meeting, June 25-27, 2017 Toronto, Canada; 4th Annual Immuno-Oncology Summit, August 29-September 2, 2016 Boston, USA; 2nd Biomarkers, Diagnostics & Clinical Research Conference, September 19-20 Boston, USA; Biomarkers and Targeted Therapeutics in Sjgrens (BATTS) Conference, September 19-22, 2016 Oklahoma, USA; NCRI Cancer Conference, November 6-9, 2016 Liverpool, UK; 6th Munich Biomarker Conference, November 29-30, 2016 Munchen, Germany; Annual Meeting of American Association of Genitourinary Surgeons, April 27-30, 2017 Florida, USA.

Track 20: Biomarkers: Entrepreneur Investments Meet

A key ingredient in successful entrepreneurship is self-knowledge. Biomarkers-2016 aims to bring together all existing and budding bio entrepreneurs to share experiences and present new innovations and challenges in cancer community. Each year, over a million companies are started in the world with about 510 of them classified as high technology companies. Turning ideas into business ventures is tricky and the opportunity-recognition step is critical in new venture creation. This gestalt in the entrepreneur's perception of the relationship between the invention and final product is refined into a business model that describes how the venture will make money or provide an appropriate return to the potential investors. Cancer science is complex and rapidly changing and requires a specialized knowledge to understand the value of the innovation and its competitive position in the industry. This three day community-wide conference will be a highly interactive forum that will bring experts in areas ranging from Biomarkers to signalling pathways to novel therapeutic approaches to the scientific hub. In addition to our outstanding speakers, we will also showcase short talks and poster presentations from submitted abstracts .The speakers will discuss state-of-the-art treatments, current guidelines, clinical challenges, and review recent trial data and emerging therapeutic approaches with the potential to impact clinical practice. This session will include combined efforts of World-renowned speakers, the most recent techniques, developments, and the newest updates in Biomarkers.

Related Biomarkers Conferences | Cancer Conferences | Biomarkers Meetings

Oral Cancer Conference, August 18-20 2016, Portland, USA; Surgical Oncology Conference, August 29-31 2016, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Cancer Diagnostics Conference, May 8-10, 2017 Dubai, UAE; 3rd Prostate Cancer Conference, June 26-28, 2017 Baltimore, USA; Lymphoma Conference, July 24-26, 2017 Rome, Italy; 14thUrological Association of Asia Congress, July 20-24, 2016 Suntec, Singapore; 17thAsia-Pacific Prostate Cancer Conference, August 31- September 3, 2016 Melbourne, Australia; ASCO Genitourinary Cancers Symposium, February, 16-18, 2017 Orlando, USA; 2ndInternational Prostate Cancer Symposium, August 6 -7, 2016 Moscow, Russia, 13thMeeting of the EAU Robotic Urology Section, September 14-16, 2016 Milan Italy; 11thAnnual Congress of Russian Association of Oncological Urology, 05-07, 2016 Moscow, Russia; 36thInternational Urology Congress, October 20-23, 2016 Argentina, South America, 27thInternational Prostate Cancer Update, January 24-27, 2017 Colorado, USA.

OMICS International hosted the 6thInternational Conference on Biomarkers & Clinical Research (Biomarkers 2015) during August 31September 02 at Toronto Airport Marriott Hotel, Toronto, Canada. The scientific meeting has laid path for the designing and development of research methodologies with the theme impact of Lab to industry as bio-signatures to therapeutic discovery.

Biomarkers 2015 was fortunate to acquire support from association and societies - Clinical Research Association of Canada (CRAC), Hypertension Canada, International Society for Cellular Therapy (ISCT), The Egyptian Biophysical Society and media partners -Biomarkers Profile Corporation, Gate2Biotech, The Technology Networks, Council of European Bio-Region, Oncology Education and Edinburgh Science Triangle.

The highlights of the meeting were the eponymous lectures, delivered byDr. Claude Prigent, University of Rennes, France, Dr. Trevor G Marshall, Autoimmunity Research Foundation, USA, Dr. Alain Moreau, Sainte-Justine University Hospital, Canada, Dr. Sergey Suchkov, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russia, Dr. Alexander M Buko, Human Metabolome Technologies, USA, Dr. Chee Gee See, Proteome Sciences, UK, Dr. Biswendu B Goswami, FDA Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, USA.

Biomarkers 2015 held pre-conference workshop on August 1, 2015 in Mumbai University, India under the supervision of Prof. K. P. Mishra, Founder President of Society of Radiation Research, India. The workshop gathered 650+ participants inclusive of students, faculty, societies and industrial personnel.

The conference held 2 workshops under the supervision of Prof. Sergey Suchkov, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russia; Dr. Trevor G Marshall, Autoimmunity Research Foundation, USA and their team from Czech Republic and Prof. Youhe Gao, Beijing Normal University, China.

Biomarkers-2014

The5thInternational Conference on Biomarkers & Clinical Research, the Biomarker-2014, was held during April 15-17, 2014 at Oxford, UK.

Biomarkers-2014 has taken up the scientific thoughts towards proving the importance of accurate diagnostics to be prevital towards the curing efficacy. The scientific meeting has laid path for the designing and development of research methodologies with the theme impact of Diagnostic significance of the therapeutic bio-clinical molecule.

The conference was greeted by the welcome message from Presidents desk at the European Association for Predictive, Preventive and Personalised Medicine (EPMA), Brussels, EU. The support was extended through the PPPM workshop being conducted with the PPPM representatives from Russia, USA, Czech Republic and Saudi Arabia. The conference has gathered support from Everest Biotech, EuroScienceCon, Biomarkers Profile Corporation, ArrayMold, BioNews, Edinburgh Science Triangle, Biowebspin, The Technology Networks, European Biotechnology Thematic Network Association, Visiongain and Current Partnering as the media partners. In addition SCIENION has participated at the conference as Exhibitor at this conference.

The program highlights of the meeting were the eponymous lectures, delivered byDr. Sergey Suchkovfrom I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russia;Dr.Pavel Vodickafrom Institute of Experimental Medicine, Czech Republic;Dr.Ondrej Topolcan from Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic;Dr. Claudio Nicolinifrom University of Genova, Italy andDr. Claude Prigentfrom University of Rennes, France.

Biomarkers-2013

OMICS Grouporganized 4thInternational Conference on Biomarkers & Clinical Research, during July 15-17, 2013 at Philadelphia, USA under the theme of Impact of Biomarkers Development in Health Diagnostics and Clinical Research.

The conference was initiated with a series of invited lectures delivered by Dr. Jizu Yi from BD Diagnostics, USA; Dr. Yaping Tian from PLA General Hospital, China; Dr. Leticia Cano from Biomarker Profile Corporation, USA and Dr. Lawrence Greenfield from Affymetrix, USA.

Biomarkers-2012

The3rd International Conference on Biomarkers & Clinical Research, organized by theOMICS Groupwas held onJuly 2-4, 2012 at Embassy Suites Las Vegas, USA under the theme of "Commercialization of Biomarkers". There were about 200 delegates representing 25 countries from different corners of the world who made this conference a big success in the field ofBiomarkers and Clinical Research.

The conference was initiated with a series of invited lectures delivered by both Honorable Guests and members of the Keynote forum. The list includesDr. Josip Blonder, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (NIH), USA;Dr. Marcel M. Daadi, Stanford University, USA;Dr. Ting-Chao Chou, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, USA;Dr. Jacob Kagan, National Cancer Institute, NIH, USA;Dr. Michael Sullivan, Worldwide Clinical Trials-Drug Development Solutions, USA;Dr. Hitoshi Sohma, Sapporo Medical University Center for Medical Education, Japan andDr. Da Zhi Liu, University of California at Devis, USA.All the above mentioned Honourable Guests and Keynote speakers gave their energetic and fruitful contributions atBiomarkers-2012. All accepted abstracts have been indexed in OMICS Group Journal of Molecular Biomarkers & Diagnosisas a special issue.

Biomarkers-2011

Excerpt from:
Worlds Leading Biomarkers Congress | CPD Points ...

OMICS InternationalConference Seriesprovides the perfect platform for global networking and we are truly delighted to invite you to attend our 6thInternational Conference on Genomics & Pharmacogenomics, during September 12-14, 2016, Berlin, Germany. Genomics-2016 is a global platform to discuss and learn about Genomics & Pharmacogenomics and its allied areas Bioinformatics, Transcriptomics, Biotechnology, Molecular Biology, Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering.

Track 1:Cancer Genomics

TumorGenomicsis the investigation of hereditarytransformations in charge of malignancy, utilizinggenomesequencingand bioinformatics. Disease genomics is to enhance growth treatment and results lies in figuring out which sets of qualities and quality associations influence diverse subsets of tumors. Universal Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) is a deliberate experimental association that gives a discussion to joint effort among the world's driving growth andgenomic analysts.

RelatedConferences: International Conference onNext Generation Sequencing, July 21-22, 2016 Berlin, Germany; 4th International ConferenceonIntegrativeBiology, July 18-20, 2016, Berlin, Germany, International ConferenceonClinicalandMolecularGenetics, November 28-30, 2016 Chicago, USA; International ConferenceonMolecularandCancerBiomarkers, September 15-17 2016, Berlin, Germany; 5th International ConferenceonCellandGeneTherapy, May 19-21, 2016 San Antonio, USA;CancerGenome(Q1), February 7-11, 2016, Alberta, Canada; 18th International Conference onCancer Genomics, January 26 - 27, 2016, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Enhancer Malfunction in Cancer (Q6), February 21-24, 2016, New Mexico, USA;DNA Damage, Mutation & Cancer, March 13-18, 2016, Ventura, USA; Chromatin andEpigenetics, 20 March 2016, Dubrovnik, Croatia;

Track 2:Functional Genomics

UtilitarianGenomicsuse incomprehensible abundance of information created by genomic transcriptomic tasks to portray quality capacities and cooperations. Patterns inFunctional Genomicsare Affymetrix developed as an early trend-setter around there by imagining a commonsense approach to examine quality capacity as a framework.

RelatedConferences: WorldCongressonHumanGeneticsOctober 31- November 02, 2016 Valencia, Spain; 4th International ConferenceonIntegrativeBiology, July 18-20, 2016, Berlin, Germany; International Conference onMolecularBiology, October 13-15, 2016 Dubai, UAE; International ConferenceonGeneticCounseling andGenomicMedicine August 11-12, 2016 Birmingham; 5th International ConferenceonCellandGeneTherapy May 19-21, 2016 San Antonio, USA; International Symposiumon RiceFunctionalGenomics, Sept 21-24, 2015, China;Ribosome structureand function 2016, 610 July 2016 | Strasbourg, France; 5thGeneticsand Genomics Conference, June 1-3, 2016, Nanjing, China; Chromatin,Non-codingRNAsandRNAPIIRegulationinDevelopmentandDiseaseConference,29 March 2016, Austin, USA; Maintenance ofGenome Stability2016, March 7-10, 2016, Panama, Central America

Track 3:Next Generation Sequencing

Cutting edge sequencing(NGS) is regularly alluded to as greatly parallel sequencing, which implies that a large number of little parts of DNA can be sequenced in the meantime, making a gigantic pool of information. Cutting edge sequencing (NGS), hugely parallel or profound sequencing is connected terms that portray a DNA sequencinginnovation which has upsetgenomic research.

RelatedConferences: International Conference onNext Generation Sequencing, July 21-22, 2016 Berlin, Germany; 4th International Conference onIntegrative Biology, July 18-20, 2016, Berlin, Germany; 6th International ConferenceonGenomicsandPharmacogenomics, September 12-14, 2016 Berlin, Germany; InternationalConferenceonGeneticCounselingandGenomicMedicineAugust11-12,2016 Birmingham; International ConferenceonMolecular Biology, October 13-15, 2016 Dubai, UAE; 6th Next GenerationSequencingConference, May 25-26, 2016, Boston, USA; GeneticsinForensicsCongress, 14-15, March 2016, London, UK; ICHG 2016, April 3-7, 2016, Japan; GenomeEditingandGene ModulationCongress, 6-8 April, 2016, Oxford, UK; 4th International ConferenceonBioinformaticsand Computational Biology, February 2-3, 2016, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Track 4:Biomarkers & Molecular Markers

Biomarkerscan be trademark organic properties or particles that can be distinguished and measured in parts of the body such as the blood or tissue. Biomarkers can be particular cells, atoms, or qualities, quality items, chemicals, orhormones.Atomicmarkeris a section of DNA that is connected with a specific area inside of the genome. Atomic markers are utilized as a part of sub-atomic science andbiotechnologyto distinguish a specific grouping of DNA in a pool of obscure DNA.

RelatedConferences: International ConferenceonMolecularandCancerBiomarkersSeptember 15-17, 2016 Berlin, Germany; 4th International Conference onIntegrative Biology, July 18-20, 2016 Berlin; 7th International ConferenceonBiomarkersandClinicalResearch, November 28-30, 2016 Baltimore, USA; International ConferenceonBiochemistryOctober 13-15, 2016 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; International Conference onProteinEngineering, October 26-28, 2015 Chicago, USA;BiomarkerSummit, 2123 March 2016, San Diego, United States; 18th International Conference on Biomarkers andClinical Medicine, 16-17 May, 2016, Paris, France; Circulating Biomarkers World Congress 2016, 21-22 March, 2016, Boston, USA; The Biomarker Conference, 18 - 19 February 2016, San Diego, USA; CancerMolecular Markers, 7-9, March 2016, San Francisco, USA

Track: 5Pharmacogenomics & Personalized Medicine

Pharmacogenomicsis a piece of a field called customized solution that means to tweak human services, with choices and medications custom-made to every individual patient inside and out conceivable. Pharmacogenomics and pharmacogenomics manages new developments in the field of customized meds and advancements in modified medication revelation utilizingproteomeinnovation.

RelatedConferences: 5th International ConferenceonMetabolomics, May 16-18, 2016 Osaka, International Conference onGeneticCounselingandGenomicMedicineAugust 11-12, 2016 Birmingham; Japan; 5th International ConferenceonTissueScienceandRegenerativeMedicine September 12-14, 2016 Berlin, Germany; International ConferenceonRestorativeMedicine October 24-26, 2016 Chicago, USA; International ConferenceonMolecularGenetics, November 28-30, 2016 Chicago, USA; Golden Helix Symposium, January 14-16, 2016, Mansoura, Egypt; ThePersonalized Medicine, World Conference 24-27 January, 2016, San Francisco, USA; 14th Asia-PacificFederationforClinicalBiochemistryand LaboratoryMedicineCongress, November 26-29, 2016,Taipei, Taiwan; Personalized Medicine, July 10-15, 2016, Hong Kong, China; 18th International ConferenceonPharmaceuticalEngineering andPharmacogenetics, March 30 - 31, 2016, Istanbul, Turkey

Track 6:Clinical Genomics

Clinical Genomicsis the utilization of genome sequencing to educate understanding analysis and care. Genome sequencing is relied upon to have the most effect in: portraying and diagnosing hereditary infection; stratifying patients for fittingmalignancytreatment; and giving data around an individual'simaginable reactionto treatment to lessen antagonistic medication responses.

RelatedConferences: ThePersonalized Medicine, World Conference 24-27 January, 2016, San Francisco, USA; International ConferenceonClinicalandMolecularGenetics, November 28-30, 2016 Chicago, USA; 5th International ConferenceandExhibitiononMetabolomics, May 16-18, 2016 Osaka, Japan; International Conference onRestorativeMedicine October 24-26, 2016 Chicago, USA; 5th International ConferenceonTissue ScienceandRegenerativeMedicineSeptember 12-14, 2016 Berlin, Germany; AmericanCollege ofMedicalGeneticsandGenomics(ACMG)Annual Clinical Genetics Meeting, March 8-12, 2016, Tampa, USA; BelgianSocietyofHumanGeneticsandDutchSocietyforHumanGenetics Joint Meeting 2016 (NVHG BESHG 2016), February 4-5, 2016, Leuven, Belgium; An International theAssociation ofBiomolecularResource Facilities, February 20-23, 2016, Florida, USA; 14th Asia-PacificFederation forClinicalBiochemistryandLaboratoryMedicineCongress, November 26-29, 2016,Taipei, Taiwan;Personalized Medicine, July 10-15, 2016, Hong Kong, China

Track 7:Micro RNA

MicroRNAscomprise a novel class of small, non-coding endogenous RNAs that regulategene expressionby directing their target mRNAs for degradation or translational repression. miRNAs represent small RNA molecules encoded in the genomesofplants and animals. These highly conserved 22 nucleotides long RNA sequences regulate the expression of genes by binding to the 3'-untranslated regions (3'-UTR) of specific mRNAs. A growing body of evidence shows that mRNAs are one of the key players in cell differentiation and growth, mobility andapoptosis.

RelatedConferences: International ConferenceonClinicalandMolecularGenetics, November 28-30, 2016 Chicago, USA; International ConferenceonNextGenerationSequencingJuly 21-22, 2016 Berlin, Germany; 7th International ConferenceandExpoonProteomicsOctober 24-26, 2016 Rome, Italy; International ConferenceonStructuralBiologyJune 23-24, 2016 New Orleans, USA; International Conference onTranscriptomicsAugust 18-20, 2016 Portland, Oregon USA; International ConferenceonMolecular Biology October 13-15, 2016 Dubai, UAE; 18th International Conferenceon ExtracellularBiomarkers, 22 23 April, 2016, London, United Kingdom; The 21st Annual Meeting of the RNA Society, June 28-June 2, 2016, Kyoto, Japan; NoncodingRNAsinHealthandDisease, February 21-24, 2016, New Mexico, USA;Small RNASilencing: Little Guides, Big Biology, January 24-28, 2016, Colorado, USA; MicroRNAas Biomarkers and Diagnostics, Positive-Strand RNAViruses, May 1-5, 2016, Texas, USA

Track 8:mRNA Analysis

mRNAis a subtype of RNA. A mRNA atom conveys a segment of the DNA code to different parts of the cell for preparing. mRNA is made amid interpretation. Amid the translation handle, a solitary strand ofDNAis decoded by RNA polymerase, and mRNA is incorporated. Physically, mRNA is a strand of nucleotides known as ribonucleiccorrosive, and is single-stranded.

RelatedConferences: International ConferenceonClinicalandMolecularGenetics, November 28-30, 2016 Chicago, USA; International ConferenceonNextGenerationSequencingJuly 21-22, 2016 Berlin, Germany; 7th International ConferenceandExpoonProteomicsOctober 24-26, 2016 Rome, Italy; International ConferenceonStructuralBiologyJune 23-24, 2016 New Orleans, USA; International Conference onTranscriptomics August 18-20, 2016 Portland, Oregon USA; International ConferenceonMolecular BiologyOctober 13-15, 2016 Dubai, UAE; FromCellBiologytoPathology, January 24-27, 2016, New Mexico, USA; Complex Life of mRNA, 58 October 2016, Heidelberg, Germany;Genome Editingand Gene ModulationCongress 2016, 6-8 Apr 2016, Oxford, United Kingdom;NGS2015 Sheffield Conference, 18-19 November, 2015, Sheffield, USA; QuantitativemethodsinGeneRegulation-III, 7-8 December, 2015, Cambridge, UK

Track9:BioinformaticsinGenomics

Bioinformaticsis the exploration of gathering and breaking down complex organic information, for example,hereditary codes. Sub-atomic solution requires the joining and examination of genomic, sub-atomic, cell, and additionallyclinical informationand it in this way offers a momentous arrangement of difficulties to bioinformatics.

RelatedConferences: 5th International ConferenceonComputationalSystemsBiologyAugust 22-23, 2016 Philadelphia, USA; 6th International ConferenceonBioinformaticsMarch 29-30, 2016 Valencia, Spain; 7th International ConferenceonBioinformatics October 27-28, 2016 Chicago, USA; 2nd International Conference onTranscriptomics August 18-20, 2016 Portland, Oregon USA; International ConferenceonNext GenerationSequencingJuly 21-22, 2016 Berlin, Germany; The Fourteenth Asia PacificBioinformaticsConference, 11th-13 January 2016, San Francisco, USA; 18th International ConferenceonBioinformatics andBiotechnology, 19 20 May 2016, Berlin, Germany; IEEE conference onComputationalIntelligenceinBioinformaticsandComputationalBiology, October 5-7, 2016, Chiang Mai, Thailand; 7th International ConferenceonBioinformatics Models, MethodsandAlgorithms, 21- 23 Feb, 2016, Rome, Italy;Bio banking2016, 57 January 2016, London, United Kingdom

Track 10:Comparative Genomics

SimilarGenomicsandgenomicmedicinenewfieldofnaturalexaminationinwhichthegenomegroupins of variousspecies- human, mouse and a wide assortment of different life forms from yeast to chimpanzees-are looked at. The assessment of likenesses and contrasts betweengenomesof various life forms; can uncover contrasts in the middle of people and species and also transformative connections.

RelatedConferences: WorldCongressonHumanGeneticsOctober 31- November 02, 2016 Valencia, Spain; 4th International ConferenceonIntegrativeBiology, July 18-20, 2016, Berlin, Germany; International Conference onMolecular Biology, October 13-15, 2016 Dubai, UAE; International ConferenceonGenetic Counseling andGenomicMedicineAugust 11-12, 2016 Birmingham; 5th International Conference onCellandGeneTherapyMay 19-21, 2016 San Antonio, USA; 20th Annual International ConferenceonComputationalMolecularBiology, April 17-21, 2016, Santa Monica, USA; 8th International ConferenceonBioinformaticsandComputationalBiology, April 4-6, 2016, Nevada, USA; Visualizingbiological data, 911 March 2016, Heidelberg, Germany; Chromatin andEpigenetics, March 20-24, 2016, British Columbia, Canada; Game ofEpigenetics, April 24-28, 2016 in Dubrovnik

Track 11:Plant Genomics

Late mechanical headways have generously extended our capacity to dissect and comprehendplantgenomes and to diminish the crevice existing in the middle of genotype and phenotype. The quick advancing field of genomics permits researchers to dissect a huge number of qualities in parallel, to comprehend the hereditary building design ofplant genomesfurthermore to separate the qualities in charge oftransformations.

RelatedConferences: International ConferenceonPlantPhysiologyJune 09-11, 2016 Dallas, USA ; GlobalSummit onPlant ScienceNovember 28-30, 2016 Baltimore, USA; 5th International ConferenceonAgricultureand HorticultureJune 27-29, 2016 Cape Town, South Africa ; 6th International ConferenceonGenomicsand PharmacogenomicsSeptember 22-24, 2016 Berlin, Germany; International ConferenceonGreen Energy& Expo November 28-30, 2016 Baltimore, USA; PlantGenomes andBiotechnology: from genes to networks Dec ember 02-05, 2015 Berlin, Germany; Plant Genome Evolution 2015 September, 6 - 8 2015 Amsterdam, The Netherlands; The 3rdPlant GenomicsCongress September 14-15,2015 Missouri, USA; ProkaGENOMICS EuropeanConferenceonProkaryoticandFungalGenomics29 September-2 October 2015 Gttingen, Germany; International MeetingonBioinformaticsand OMICs October 27- 30,2015 Varadero, Cuba; The 2ndPlant GenomicsCongress: September 14-15, 2015 MO, USA; GET Global ConferenceSeptember 17-19, 2015 Vienna, Austria

Track 12:Personal Genomics

Individualgenomicsis the branch of genomics worried with thesequencingand examination of the genome of a person. The genotyping stage utilizes diverse strategies, includingsingle-nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) examination chips or incomplete or fullgenome sequencing.

RelatedConferences: 4th International ConferenceonIntegrativeBiology, July 18-20, 2016, Berlin, Germany; 2nd International ConferenceonTranscriptomicsAugust 18-20, 2016 Portland, Oregon USA; International ConferenceonNextGenerationSequencingJuly 21-22, 2016 Berlin, Germany; WorldCongress onHumanGeneticsOctober 31- November 02, 2016 Valencia, Spain; 18th International Conference onHuman Genetics, February 25 - 26, 2016, London, United Kingdom; Visualizing biological data, 911 March 2016, Heidelberg, Germany; 1st Annual International CongressofGenetics, April 25-28, Dalian, China; ChromatinandEpigenetics, March 20-24, 2016, British Columbia,Canada;GameofEpigenetics, April 24-28, 2016 in Dubrovnik

Track 13:Microbial Genomics

MicrobialGenomicsappliesrecombinantDNA,DNAsequencingroutines,andbioinformaticsto succession, gather, and dissect the capacity and structure of genomes in organisms. Amid the previous 10 years, genomics-based methodologies have profoundly affected the field ofmicrobiologyand our comprehension of microbial species. In view of their bigger genome sizes,genome sequencingendeavors on growths and unicellular eukaryotes were slower to begin than ventures concentrated on prokaryotes.

RelatedConferences: International ConferenceonMolecular BiologyOctober 13-15, 2016 Dubai, UAE; 4th International ConferenceonIntegrativeBiologyJuly 18-20, 2016 Berlin, Germany; International Conference onMicrobial Physiology and Genomics October 20-22, 2016 Rome, Italy; 4th International Conference onClinicalMicrobiologyandMicrobialGenomics October 05-07, 2015 Philadelphia, USA; 2nd World CongressandExpoonAppliedMicrobiology October 31-November 02, 2016 Istanbul, Turkey; 18th International ConferenceonClinicalMicrobiologyandMicrobialGenomics, June 9 - 10, 2016, San Francisco, USA; 18th International ConferenceonMicrobialGenomeResources, February 11 - 12, 2016, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; 18th International ConferenceonMicrobialGenomeResources and Clinical Microbiology, January 12 - 13, 2016, Zurich, Switzerland; 18th International Conference onMolecular Geneticsand Microbiology, February 25 - 26, 2016, London, United Kingdom

Track 14:Future trends in Genomics

Genomics researchholds the way to meeting a considerable lot of the difficulties of the coming years. Right now, the greatest test is in information investigation. We can produce a lot of information modestly, yet that overpowers our ability to comprehend it. The significant test of the Genome Research is we have to imbue genomic datainto restorative practice, which is truly hard.

RelatedConferences: International ConferenceonClinical and Molecular Genetics, November 28-30, 2016 Chicago, USA; 2nd International ConferenceonTranscriptomicsAugust 18-20, 2016 Portland, Oregon USA; International ConferenceonNextGenerationSequencingJuly 21-22, 2016 Berlin, Germany; The Fourteenth Asia PacificBioinformaticsConference, 11th-13 January 2016, San Francisco, USA; WorldCongress onHumanGeneticsOctober 31- November 02, 2016 Valencia, Spain; 18th International Conference onGeneticsand Genomics, June 9 - 10, 2016, San Francisco, USA; NGS 16Genome Annotation, April 4 6, 2016, Barcelona, Spain; Maintenance of Genome Stability 2016, March 7-10, 2016, Panama, Central America;Epigenomics: new marks, new horizons, December 2015, 2 December 2015, UK;Human GenomeMeeting, 28 February 2 March 2016, Houston, USA

Track15:GenomicMedicine GenomicMedicineas "a developing restorative train that includes utilizing genomicdata around a person as a major aspect of their clinical consideration (e.g., for demonstrative or remedial choice making) and the wellbeing results and strategy ramifications of that clinical use." Already, genomic medication is having an effect in the fields of oncology,pharmacology, uncommon and undiscovered maladies, and irresistible illness.

RelatedConferences: International ConferenceonMolecularandCancerBiomarkersSeptember 15-17, 2016 Berlin, Germany; 4th International ConferenceonIntegrativeBiology, July 18-20, 2016 Berlin; 7th International ConferenceonBiomarkers & Clinical Research, November 28-30, 2016 Baltimore, USA; International ConferenceonBiochemistryOctober 13-15, 2016 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; International Conference onProtein Engineering, October 26-28, 2015 Chicago, USA;BiomarkerSummit, 2123 March 2016, San Diego, United States; 18th International ConferenceonBiomarkersandClinicalMedicine, 16-17 May, 2016, Paris, France; Circulating Biomarkers World Congress 2016, 21-22 March, 2016, Boston, USA; The Biomarker Conference, 18 - 19 February 2016, San Diego, USA; CancerMolecular Markers, 7-9, March 2016, San Francisco, USA

Track 16:Genomics Market

Genomics is the study of the genetic material or genomes of an organism. Analysts forecast theGlobal Genomicsmarketwill grow at a CAGR of 11.21% over the period 2013-2018. According to the report, the most important driver of the market is an increase in the demand for consumables. The growing adoption ofgenetictestingfor various applications, especially in regions such as the APAC, and an increase in genetictesting volumes in North America and Western Europe is increasing the demand for consumables.

RelatedConferences: 5th International ConferenceonComputationalSystemsBiologyAugust 22-23, 2016 Philadelphia, USA; 6th International ConferenceonBioinformaticsMarch 29-30, 2016 Valencia, Spain; 7th International Conference onBioinformaticsOctober 27-28, 2016 Chicago, USA; 2nd International Conference onTranscriptomicsAugust 18-20, 2016 Portland, Oregon USA; International ConferenceonNext GenerationSequencingJuly 21-22, 2016 Berlin, Germany; The Fourteenth Asia PacificBioinformaticsConference, 11th-13 January 2016, San Francisco, USA; 18th International Conference on Bioinformatics andBiotechnology, 19 20 May 2016, Berlin, Germany; IEEE conference onBioinformaticsandComputationalBiology, October 5-7, 2016, Chiang Mai, Thailand; 7th International ConferenceonBioinformaticsModels, MethodsandAlgorithms, 21- 23 Feb, 2016, Rome, Italy;Bio banking2016, 57 January 2016, London, United Kingdom.

OMICS International hosted3rd International Conference on Genomics & Pharmacogenomics during September 21-23, 2015 at San Antonio, USA based on the theme Implications & Impacts of Genomic Advances on Global Health.

Active participation and generous response was received from the Organizing Committee Members, scientists, researchers, as well as experts from Non-government organizations, and students from diverse groups who made this conference as one of the most successful and productive events in 2015 from OMICS Group.

The conference was marked with several workshops, multiple sessions, Keynote presentations, panel discussions and Poster sessions. We received active participation from scientists, young and brilliant researchers, business delegates and talented student communities representing more than 35 countries, who have driven this event into the path of success.

The conference was initiated with a warm welcome note by Honorable guests and the Keynote forum.The proceedings went through interactive sessions and panel discussions headed byhonorable Moderator Dr. Aditi Nadkarni, New York University, USA for the conference.

The conference proceedings were carried out through various Scientific-sessions and plenary lectures, of which the following Speakers were highlighted as Keynote speakers:

Utilizing cancer sequencing in the clinic - Best practices in variant analysis, filtering and annotation: Andreas Scherer, Golden Helix Inc., USA

The role of genomics in gene therapy and diagnostic testing and related intellectual property issues: Krishna Dronamraju, Foundation for Genetic Research, USA

Epigenesis, methylation, and single strand breaks: Rosemarie Wahl, St. Mary's University, USA

The application of validation and proficiency testing concepts from current clinical genetic diagnostics for the implementation of new genetic technologies: Kathleen S Wilson, U.T Southwestern Medical Center, USA

Biomimetic membranes: Mariusz Grzelakowski, Applied Biomimetic Inc., USA

The Genomics-2015 also being highlighted for the below International workshop:

Understanding the effects of steroid hormone exposure on regulation of P53 and Bcl-2 gene expression

OMICS Group has taken the privilege of felicitating Genomics-2015 Organizing Committee, Keynote Speakers who supported for the success of this event. OMICS Group, on behalf of the Organizing Committee congratulates the Best Poster awardees for their outstanding performance in the field of Genomics & Pharmacogenomics and appreciates all the participants who put their efforts in poster presentations and sincerely wishes them success in future endeavors.

Poster Judging was done by: Dr. Hao Mei, University of Mississippi Medical Center, USA Best Poster Award was received by: Mr. Juan Carlos Alberto Padilla, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Mexico

Genomics-2015 attracted the Society for General Microbiology, UK and they came forward to advert their leading journals on the back side cover of conference proceedings book.

Genomics-2015 was sponsored by one of the leading bioinformatics solution center BGI Americas, USA

Genomics-2015 necessarily thanks Aeon Clinical Laboratories, USA for exhibiting recent innovations and express ways in clinical testing.

We are also obliged to various delegate experts, company representatives and other eminent personalities who supported the conference by facilitating active discussion forums. We sincerely thank theOrganizing Committee Membersfor their gracious presence, support, and assistance towards the success of Genomics-2015.

With the unique feedback from the conference,OMICS Groupwould like to announce the commencement of the "6th International Conference on Genomics & Pharmacogenomics, during September 12-14, 2016 at Berlin, Germany.

For More details visit: http://genomics.conferenceseries.com/

Genomics-2014

The conference brought together a broad spectrum of the Genomics community, educators from research universities with their programs and state colleges from across the world, as well as representatives from industry and professional geosciences societies.

This 2ndInternational Conference on Genomics and Pharmacogenomics was based on the theme Envisioning the Genomic Advances in Global Health which covered the below scientific sessions:

Functional genomics

The conference was greeted by the conference moderator Junio Cota, VTT Brasil, Brazil.The support was extended by the honorable guest Krishna Dronamraju, Foundation for Genetic Research, USA; Anton A. Komar, Cleveland State University, USA; J. Claiborne Stephens, Genomics GPS, LLC USA and energized by Keynote presentations.

This 2nd International Conference on Genomics and Pharmacogenomics uplifted with more than 30 oral presentations by researchers, scientists, professors, industry delegates and more than 6 poster participants around the globe. OMICS Group International has taken the privilege of felicitating Earth Science-2014 Organizing Committee Members, Editorial Board Members of the supported Journals and Keynote Speakers who supported for the success of this event.

Last but not the leastOMICS GroupInternational Conferences wishes to acknowledge with its deep sincere gratitude to all the supporters from the Editorial Board Members of our Open Access Journals, Keynote speakers, Honorable guests, Valuable speakers, Poster presenters, students, delegates and special thanks to the Exhibitors andMedia partnersfor their support to make this event a huge success.

With enormous feedback from the participants and supporters of 2nd International Conference on Genomics and Pharmacogenomics, OMICS Group conferences is glad to announce its 3rd International Conference on Genomics and Pharmacogenomics (Genomics-2015) event fron September 21-23, 2015 at San Antonio, USA.

Genomics-2013

The International Conference on Functional and Comparative Genomics & Pharmacogenomics (Genomics-2013) was organized by the OMICS Group during November 12-14, 2013 at DoubleTree by Hilton Hotel Chicago-North Shore, IL, USA. The conference was well received with participation from Genomics-2013 Organizing Committee Members, researchers, scientists, technologists and students from various parts of the world. The three day program witnessed thought provoking speeches from experts which focused on the theme Recent Research Methodologies and Discoveries in Genomics Era. The theme touched upon various topics like

Functional and Comparative Genomics Pharmacogenomics and Personalized medicine Evolutionary and Developmental Genomics Bioinformatics in Genomics & Proteomics Cancergenomics Epigenomics, Transcriptomics and Non-coding genomics Genome Sequencing & Mapping Plant & Ecological Genomics Biomarkers & Molecular Markers

The Conference has gathered support from The European Society of Pharmacogenomics and Theranostics (ESPT), The Nestle Institute of Health Sciences and Geneticational.

Genomics-2013 has swirl up the scientific thoughts on various current genome research related areas. The conference has shown scope of pharmacogenomics (studies of how variations in the human genome affect response to the drugs) and its implications in global health and pharma industry. The conference focused on how pharmacogenomics aids in diagnosing genetic information thus helping to predict not only patients drug response but also many other effects like adverse drug effects and their interactions and the diseases related to that gene. The conference was initiated with a series of invited lectures delivered by both Honorable Guests and members of the Keynote Forum.

Clyde A. Hutchison, Distinguished Investigator from J. Craig Venter Institute, USA who helped in determining the first complete sequence of a DNA molecule (phiX174) and developed site-directed mutagenesis with Michael Smith (1978) delivered a phenomenal and worthy keynote presentation on Building a minimal cell The JCVI design-build-test cycle for synthetic cells during the conference.

Roger Hendrix, Distinguished Professor from University of Pittsburgh, USA explained how he and his group are involved in Genomic analysis of bacteriophages.

William C. Reinhold from National Cancer Institute, NIH, USA presented his speech on The current state of comparative genomics and pharmacogenomics, and the application of the NCI-60 resources and CellMiner tools to these problems.

The conference was chaired by Alexander Bolshoy, Yasuo Iwadate, Gil Atzmon, Gary A. Bulla, Jatinder Lamba, William C. Reinhold, Luciano Brocchieri and Ning-Sun Yang.

Along with the participants of Genomics-2013, we would like to express our gratitude to Dr. Alexander Bolshoy and Dr. William C. Reinhold for their extreme support and assistance towards the conference.

Students from various parts of the world took active participation in poster presentations. Mr. Aren Ewing and Mr. Chih-Yao Hsu were awarded with best posters for their outstanding contribution.

OMICS Group also took the privilege of felicitating Genomics-2013 Organizing Committee, Editorial Board Members of Journal of Data Mining in Genomics and Proteomics, Journal of Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoproteomics, Journal of Phylogenetics and Evolutionary Biology and Journal of Proteomics and Bioinformatics, Keynote Speakers, Chair and Co-Chairs whose support led the conference into the path of excellence.

The warm support and suggestions from all the participants, inspires us in organizing 2nd International Conference on Genomics & Pharmacogenomics which will be held during September 08-09, 2014 Raleigh, USA.

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Worlds Leading Genomics Conference | Global Meetings ...

You go to your doctorwith your symptoms, and you get an evaluation, maybe have a few tests run.

If you are lucky, youre on your way to a diagnosis and a path to feeling better. How much more personal does it get? In fact, much more. In theory, astonishingly more.

Most often today, your treatment plan doesnt have all that much to do with you specifically. Its identical to what doctors would hand over to essentially anyone with the same condition your neighbor, the hot dog vendor at Wrigley Field, or the prime minister of Bangladesh.

Thats because medicine as we know it revolves around standards of care, the best courses of prevention or treatment for the general population, or the average person on the street. With breast cancer, for example, those standards mean self-exams and mammograms after a set age and the usual chemotherapy to treat a tumor if one is found. If the first treatment doesnt work, doctors and patients move on to the next one and the next. Its trial and error, with life on the line.

Patients are not yet asking the question Is this therapy going to work for me? I look forward to the day patients do ask that question.

A growing contingent of researchers, some healthcare clinicians, and an increasing number of patients are calling for a more personalized approach aimed as much at preventing disease as it is at tailoring treatment once its there. Call it what you will personalized medicine, genomic medicine, precision medicine. Its an approach that emphasizes the ways in which your disease risks are unique and different, just like your other, more obvious characteristics. Those disease risks are based on the predispositions written into your genome at birth, combined with your lifestyle and environment. In the case of cancer, the disease has its own genetic makeup, lending each tumor a unique character with unique tendencies and vulnerabilities.

And perhaps there is, or soon will be, a drug or treatment or tailored combination of the two that will work better for you than it would for someone else.

The number of targeted therapies in the pipeline for all diseases is increasing dramatically, says J. Leonard Lichtenfeld, deputy chief medical officer for the American Cancer Society. Personalized medicine in the age of genomics means were living in dynamic times. The big question right now is How do we take all this new information were gathering and use it for the benefit of the patient?

In many cases, the current standard of care may be the safest, most sensible option, but its also one size fits all. Sometimes thats perfectly sufficient, but not always. It is in that not always category that personalized medicine is making the most headway.

A Decade of Advancement

Many doctors will tell you theyve been doing personalized, patient-centered medicine all along, and they do have a point. Wikipedia defines personalized medicine as a medical model that proposes the customization of healthcare with medical decisions, practices, and/or products being tailored to the individual patient. But the definition preferred by the National Human Genome Research Institute is more specific, maintaining that a personalized approach to medicine includes an individuals genetic profile to guide decisions made in regard to the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of disease. Reaching that goal has been more than 20 years in the making, birthed from an ambitious plan to sequence the first reference human genome. By 2003, scientists had done it; for the first time, they had an essentially complete sequence and map of all the genes in the human body.

Probably at no time in the history of medical research, going back to the time of William Harvey and the circulation of blood, in the 1600s, has there been more potential and promise for discovery that will benefit mankind in terms of the health of the species as where we are right now as a result of the Human Genome Project, says Scott T. Weiss, scientific director at Partners HealthCare Center for Personalized Genetic Medicine at Harvard Medical School.

Advances in technology have since accelerated the pace of discovery and lowered the cost so much that scientists pushed on from that single reference genome to sequence the genomes of more than 1,000 individuals in all their variations. These days, individual patients and sometimes healthy people, too can have their personal genomes scanned or fully sequenced. This knowledge about the basic elements of human genomes and their differences, both common and rare, is central to the concept of personalized medicine. Its changing the field of medicine, even though many of us probably havent noticed any direct evidence of it at the family doctors office yet.

A 2013 survey by GfK, a global consumer research firm, found that just 27 percent of people interviewed had heard the term personalized medicine. Of those, only 4 percent understood what the phrase most often implies: medicine based on genomic makeup.

An Ounce of Prevention

There have been recent, high-profile examples: Angelina Jolie made headlines with a proactive double mastectomy last year after tests showed she carried BRCA1, the same genetic marker for breast cancer that her mother, who died from the disease, carried. The National Cancer Institute puts the risk of breast cancer for those carrying a BRCA1 mutation at 65 percent and the risk of ovarian cancer at 39 percent.

While its important to remember that genes are not destiny, they do provide information that can lead us to make more informed decisions about our health and healthcare, and, as in Jolies case, that can change the future.

If you get sick, knowing your genome or the molecular basis of your disease can be an important piece of evidence for doctors seeking the most favorable treatment plan for you. In the case of cancer, genetic tests could lead to successful drug treatment rather than radical surgery. For instance, melanoma can be BRAF positive, meaning the tumor has a specific gene mutation that sets it apart from other melanomas. Your lung cancer can be EGFR or ALK positive. Your colon tumor may be KRAS positive.

Increasingly, doctors will scan not just single genes or a handful, but also complete genomes. The challenge then will be figuring out what it all means and what to do next.

While personalized medicine is escalating and becoming more common, its still in its infancy, and there are not yet enough products on the market that have penetrated the consciousness of the average patient, says Edward Abrahams, president of the Washington, D.C.-based Personalized Medicine Coalition. Patients are not yet asking the question Is this therapy going to work for me? I look forward to the day patients do ask that question.

If you find the idea of personalized medicine more than a little overwhelming, youre not alone. It isnt easy to turn an approach to healthcare on its head.

I dont think anybody disagrees with the fact that we [patients] are different and we respond differently. But its hard to make changes, Abrahams says. You want to see evidence before youre willing to move away from one-size-fits-all traditional medicine. To change it, you have to show that what youre promising is an improvement.

Testing, Testing

While more evidence about the promise of personalized medicine is certainly called for, individual stories are already pointing the way. In 2005, Stephanie Haney, now 45, had a pain on her right side that wouldnt go away. It hurt when she coughed or sneezed. She was pregnant, so she didnt investigate the cause, assuming perhaps shed broken a rib.

Two years later, she was diagnosed with stage 4 lung cancer.

After undergoing chemotherapy, Haney began taking Tarceva (erlotinib) in 2008. But three years later, the drug was no longer keeping the tumors at bay. Prompted by friends and an insistent doctor, she had genetic testing on her tumors, which showed they were ALK (anaplastic lymphoma kinase) positive. This gave her doctor a major clue as to which drugs were most likely to work (or not). Haney was able to start taking Xalkori (crizotinib), designed specifically for ALK-positive lung cancer tumors. She joined a clinical trial for Xalkori in Philadelphia, two and a half hours away. Three years later, her tumors were barely visible.

Haneys journey is emblematic of the ever-growing personalized medicine matrix, wherein spreadsheets will be filled with biomarkers for diseases, if not whole genome sequences, and treatments will be fast-tracked (like her Xalkori) for approval based on clinical trials designed for those who have certain biomarkers or genes.

Researchers have discovered more than 1,800 disease genes since the Human Genome Projects completion. There are now more than 2,000 genetic tests for human conditions and 350 biotechnology-based products currently in clinical trials.

Lung cancer treatment is one of the most advanced areas in terms of a personalized medicine approach, with several drugs approved by the FDA or in clinical trials for different lung cancer biomarkers. Unfortunately, but not unexpectedly, Haney found out last October that the cancer had moved to her brain, one of several places lung cancer is prone to migrate. Because Xalkori will not break the blood-brain barrier, she just started another trial drug, LDK378, to treat the brain tumor.

Caleb Nolan, 8, is on two basketball teams. Diagnosed with cystic fibrosis when he was 3 weeks old, he has spent much of his childhood in hospitals, taking many rounds of medicines each day. Like other cystic fibrosis patients, Caleb has a mutation in a gene called CFTR that causes mucus to clog the lungs and obstruct the pancreas so the body cant absorb food.

There are many different mutations of CFTR that lead to cystic fibrosis. Fortunately for Caleb, he has a mutation, G551D, found in 4 to 5 percent of cystic fibrosis patients, for which there is a treatment. Caleb is now on Kalydeco (ivacaftor), a genetically targeted treatment approved by the FDA in 2012 and the first such drug that treats an underlying cause of cystic fibrosis.

Shane Nolan, Calebs father and a UPS driver, will never forget delivering his sons first shipment to their house. Before Kalydeco, Caleb was on enzymes that allowed him to live with his condition, but life was difficult, and activities such as sports were limited.

With Kalydeco, Instead of the mucus building up, the medicine is thinning it, Shane says. Now his body naturally does this. The medicine is preventing damage from the CF. Caleb hasnt been in the hospital since hes been on it [almost two years]. Usually, once kids reach their late teens or early 20s, they have to get a lung transplant. This should prevent that.

The average lifespan of a person with cystic fibrosis is 37. Now, Caleb could die of old age instead of CF, Shane says.

Who Pays for This?

Caleb was lucky. His insurance paid for Kalydeco from the start. Jolie probably barely registered the $3,000 price tag on her genetic screening, although she did point out in a New York Times opinion piece that the price could be an obstacle for many.

When the FDA clearly ties a genetic mutation to a specific drug or treatment, insurers generally do cover the testing and treatment, says Bruce Quinn, senior health policy advisor at Foley Hoag LLP. If you have a family history that calls for it, insurance will pay for BRCA1 testing (in fact, the Affordable Care Act requires it). Where there is no such specific tie, insurance carriers have a judgment call to make.

Patients with cancer are more likely to have their tests covered. They have an interest in this because they dont want to prescribe drugs that wont work, Abrahams says. Insurance companies rightly want to see evidence that whatever they pay for works better than what were used to paying for. But thats a barrier to innovation.

When it comes to whole genome sequences, the uncertainties about outcomes are that much greater, but sequencing is getting cheaper all the time. In January, Illumina, a genetic-sequencing company based in San Diego, announced it had a new system that brought the cost for sequencing a human genome down to less than $1,000. (Thats cheaper than Jolies single BRCA1 test.) This doesnt put a sequencer in your local doctors office nor does it cover the cost of interpreting those results but it does make it feasible for clinicians and researchers to gather the evidence needed to push personalized medicine over the tipping point.

The D.C.-based Personalized Medicine Coalition has made defining levels of evidence that will be acceptable to the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services and private insurers a top priority. If a treatment or drug is outside medical guidelines, reimbursement is unlikely.

Medicine needs to be evidence-based, Abrahams says. Reimbursement is right up there with research in terms of priorities.

Who Owns the Data?

With all this data come new questions and ethical and practical challenges about privacy, access, ownership, and more. In many cases, research or clinical trial participants arent given their results at all. Companies like Myriad Genetics, the primary provider in the United States of clinical BRCA1 testing, have returned individual results to doctors and patients, of course, but Myriad has kept the bulk of its data as a trade secret.

Weiss, of Harvard Medical School, says patients are and always will be the rightful owners of their personal genetic data.

This is confidential patient data, he says. It can be used for medical research, but its highly unlikely that your identity will be disclosed to some commercial third party in any identifiable way. Academic medical centers may partner with pharmaceutical companies, using their genomic data, but will do it in an anonymous way and only if the patient consents. The patient is going to be in control of what they do here, as they should be.

Laws such as HIPPA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act) and parts of the Affordable Care Act protect the privacy of personal health information. The passage of the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA) in 2008 was considered a major win, too, as it bars employers and health insurers from using genetic information or family history. Still, many people worry about such personal and sensitive information being out there. And genomic data is at the core of personalized medicine.

You cant do personalized medicine when it comes to genomics without electronic medical records and without the ability to deliver genomic content to providers at their desktop, Weiss says. Were not really talking about the doctor-patient relationship here. Were talking about the mechanics of how you deliver huge amounts of data to clinicians in the office and at the bedside.

Medicine is getting there slowly but surely. The Obama administration began moving our healthcare system toward electronic records in the summer of 2009. Now more than 50 percent of medical records are available in electronic form.

We need to get to 100 percent, and just having an electronic medical record isnt enough, Weiss says. We still have to have software focused on the genomic content delivery to the caregiver.

Ideally, doctors could tap into a single, large database filled with anonymous genetic information biomarkers tied to patient demographics tied to specific drugs and treatments to help doctors make decisions about each individuals medical path. But getting there is sure to be a long and bumpy ride, with plenty of detours along the way.

For Daryl Pritchard, director of policy research at the National Pharmaceutical Council, the end game is clear: The use of that information whether by a company or by a group of doctors or a provider group is ultimately going to be advantageous to treating the condition in question going forward. These things will work.

Talk to Your Doctor

Starting with a good family history is a smart and simple way to begin a personalized medicine discussion with your doctor, says Geoffrey Ginsburg, director of the Center for Personalized and Precision Medicine at Duke University Medical Center, although it doesnt happen often enough. (Ginsburg is also editor-at-large of Genome magazine.) While youre at it, he suggests asking about whether any genetic tests are useful for regulating a dose of a drug, an approach known as pharmacogenomics.

Abrahams recommends asking your doctor the following question: Do you have the expectation that this drug will work for me?

According to Randy Burkholder, the vice president of policy and research for Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA), a Washington, D.C.-based trade group representing American biopharmaceutical and biotechnology companies, the most important thing is not being afraid to ask your doctor questions.

It can be a hard thing to do sometimes, especially when youre seeing a diagnosis, he says. Asking questions allows you to work with your doctor. The volume of information we can know is so much greater now. Doctors are doing a great job, but they cant be expected to know everything for every patient. As a patient, you shouldnt feel like youre imposing. You should feel like youre helping.

Where Is Personalized MedicineHelping Most?

Personalized medicines greatest strides have been in cancer. Consider these statistics on the percent of tumors containing genetic mutations that could be targeted by drugs, as reported by the Wall Street Journal in 2011:

Cancer is a genetic disease, Ginsburg says. In many ways, it is the poster child for a disease that has used personalized medicine strategies. It has used them in everything from risk assessment in healthy people from screening, diagnosis, and prognosis to selecting therapies based on genetics and the biology of the tumor.

HIV/AIDS is another area where the principles of personalized medicine have made great progress. The virus mutates differently in each patient, Abrahams says. Now we can understand the viral load and analyze it, then prescribe the right cocktail of medicine to treat it. This is the progress weve seen taking AIDS from a death sentence to a chronic condition. But thats understanding the virus, not the person.

Other diseases are clearly moving toward more comprehensive personalized medicine strategies, too, including heart disease, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and infectious diseases. Also, rare disease diagnosis is now becoming more amenable to personalized medicine strategies through genomics, Ginsburg says.

The Future of Personalized Medicine

Abrahams is optimistic about the progress now being made, particularly when it comes to complex chronic diseases.

At some point, and I dont know whether that will be 10 or 15 years from now, we will reach that tipping point where all medicines are linked to diagnostics, and well move out of the one-size-fits-all paradigm, he says. If we have good answers today with the one-size-fits-all model, I dont think that will change. But most patients are unaware of the limits of our medical knowledge.

Once the evidence is in, many pieces will need to fall into place before personalized medicine becomes mainstream. Payment systems must be flexible enough to account for individual treatment plans based on genetics and other indicators. Regulatory guidelines must adapt to the idea that genetic diagnostics and targeted drugs go together in a treatment plan. Medical schools must include personalized medicine in their curricula. Patient interest and demand are essential, too.

While some patients may be seeing the impact of personalized medicine in some corners already, patient outcomes with todays medicine show plenty of room for improvement. Consider patients with depression, 38 percent of whom do not respond to the first drug they are prescribed. Or patients with asthma, of whom 40 percent do not respond to the most commonly prescribed drugs. Or type 2 diabetes (43 percent), arthritis (50 percent), and Alzheimers disease (70 percent).

Education will be key. Knowing that tailored treatments are or may be available for various diseases is half the battle. Abrahams looks forward to the day when both patients and doctors will advocate for personalized medicine.

One day, patients will say, Im not an average patient. I am who I am. You need to understand who I am before you prescribe whatever treatment you plan to prescribe, he says. When that day comes, well no longer [have to] talk about personalized medicine.

Well know weve arrived when personalized and genomic medicine simply is medicine.

Kendall Morgan contributed to this report.

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Genome | What Is Personalized Medicine

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Genomics is what makes personalized medicine possible.

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Personalized medicine: Precise genomic solutions for disease

This story is part of the American Cancer Societys Cutting-Edge Cancer Science series, which is exploring some of the most promising areas of cancer research in depth.

This is part 1 of a 3-part feature exploring what personalized medicine means for cancer patients. Part 2 covers where personalized cancer stands today and part 3 reviews personalized medicine for cancer prevention.

The type of cancer a person has and how it gets treated is no longer just about where in the body the cancer started, such as in the breast or lungs or the colon. More so now than ever, when doctors decide how to attack a cancer, they are arming themselves with a wealth of knowledge about the specific molecular and genetic makeup of their patients tumor.

Many researchers and cancer centers are already embracing this personalized approach to cancer care. Though still in early stages, this field of work is moving and improving at a rapid pace, and just got a boost from President Barack Obama, with his announcement of a $215 million investment to launch the Precision Medicine Initiative. The initiative aims to speed up progress toward personalized medicine for all.

Delivering on the promise of personalized medicine, though, is going to take a massive effort from not just researchers and doctors, but also from health insurers, pharmaceutical companies, and government agencies, among others.

Personalized vs. Precision Medicine

The terms personalized medicine and precision medicine are often used interchangeably. While experts are not in agreement as to whether the two terms mean the same thing, the definitions of personalized medicine and precision medicine seem to be merging. Even President Obama, in his remarks about the Precision Medicine Initiative, commingled the two: Precision medicine in some cases, people call it personalized medicine gives us one of the greatest opportunities for new medical breakthroughs that we have ever seen.

The meaning of the terms and source of the forthcoming breakthroughs is essentially the ability to tailor treatments, as well as prevention strategies, to the unique characteristics of each person.

The presidents initiative, and the terms themselves, extend beyond cancer, and are meant to encompass all health issues. Cancer, though, is a major focus of the Precision Medicine Initiative, especially its nearer-term goals.

Taking Steps Toward Personalized Medicine

A lot of work has already been done to make cancer care more personalized, partly because cancer is so complex that it has forced scientists to dig deep into the inner workings of human cells to figure out cancers causes.

Decades of advances in basic science, technology, therapeutics, and the understanding of the genetic causes of cancer have coalesced in recent years to make personalized cancer care possible.

What researchers have learned over time is that cancer can arise from any number of genetic malfunctions, and often is due to a combination of errors, that ultimately lead to the out-of-control cell growth that causes tumors to grow and spread.

This knowledge has allowed doctors to sometimes move cancer treatment from a broad-brush approach using radiation, surgery, and chemotherapy to wipe out cancer and taking out normal healthy cells in the process to a more targeted technique.

Targeted therapy took off in the late 1990s and early 2000s, with the advent of drugs that interfere with the essential functions of cancer cells in order to get them to die off such as by stopping cancer cells from dividing or keeping tumors from making the new blood vessels they need to grow.

Targeted drugs gave doctors the ability to start customizing treatments, to a certain degree, to the patient. But researchers discovered that like radiation and chemo targeted therapies arent one size fits all. Every patient has a unique set of factors driving their cancer. In other words, there are multiple targets in each patient that may need to be hit. This is where tumor profiling comes in.

Better Treatments, Fewer Side Effects

The idea of analyzing an individual patients tumor to determine what combination of drugs will work best is what personalized cancer care is all about. With this level of specificity also comes greater potential to decrease toxic side effects. The overall toxicity to patients should be reduced because you are more likely to use the best collection of drugs the first time around, says William Phelps, Ph.D., the director of preclinical and translational cancer research at the American Cancer Society.

When it comes to cancer, personalization can take several different forms currently. It might mean:

The ability to look at the genetic makeup of a persons tumor in a relatively quick and low-cost manner has been one of the most important contributors to progress in personalized cancer care. A major technological advance that has made my work possible was the tumbling down in cost and time of sequencing patients tumors, says Ross Cagan, Ph.D., director of the Mount Sinai Center for Personalized Cancer Therapeutics.

Lower cost, though, does not yet mean affordable for everyone.

Bottom Line

A 2011 National Research Council report on precision medicine explains why these advances matter, by contrasting breast cancer treatment today and 25 years ago. Twenty-five years ago, women had few treatment options basically hormone therapy or chemo, both of which could have significant side effects.

Today, many patients have treatment options based on the particular markers in their tumors. These patients can get better, more specific treatments, which might also have fewer side effects.

This is one of the major goals of personalized medicine give cancer patients the treatments that are most likely to work on their particular cancer with fewer harmful side effects.

READ PART 2: Personalized Cancer Care: Where it Stands Today

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Personalized Medicine: Redefining Cancer and Its Treatment

Personalized Medicine: How the Human Genome Era Will Usher in a Health Care Revolution

Personalized medicine has the potential to transform healthcare through earlier diagnosis, more effective prevention and treatment of disease, and avoidance of drug side effects. The challenge for policymakers will be to deal intelligently and comprehensively with the array of issues that will affect quality of healthcare under this new paradigm.

On February 10, 2005, NHGRI Director Dr. Francis Collins, the senior advisor on genomics in the Federal government, outlined his vision for the future of genomics-based medicine to the Personalized Medicine Coalition (PMC) at the National Press Club. He also explored the numerous policy issues that must be addressed to realize the full potential of this new area of medicine.

To view the integrated presentation of both video and Power Point slides, go to:

For Web browsers other than IE or Netscape, go to the lecture webcast on the PMC Web site at:

Last Updated: March 17, 2012

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Personalized Medicine: How the Human Genome Era Will Usher ...

The 4thEuropean conference on Predictive Preventive Personalized Medicine 2016 will be held on November 28-29, 2016 at Valencia, Spainwill be organized around the theme Emphasizing the knowledge of personalized Medicine whichcomprises 14Sessions/Tracksto outline the theme of the conference organized byOmics InternationalConferences. The main aim of the conference is to highlight the achievements and innovations in the various fields of Personalized Medicine across the globe.

Track 1: Personalized Medicine And Its Innovation

Personalized medicineis a developing routine of prescription that uses an individual's hereditary profile to guide choices made with respect to the anticipation, analysis, and treatment of malady. Information of apatient's hereditaryprofile can offer specialists some assistance with selecting the best possible pharmaceutical or treatment and regulate it utilizing the correct dosage or regimen. Utilized for the treatment as Personalized malignancy solution, Diabetes-related malady:hazard evaluation and administration,Personalized pharmaceuticalNew systems and financial ramifications,Implications of customizedprescription in treatment of HIV, Applications of customized drug in uncommon ailments,Translational Medicine.

Track 2: Market Strategies And Challenges In Personalized Medicine

P4 prescription is an arrangement to fundamentally enhance the nature of human life through biotechnology. Inward medication or general prescription is the therapeutic forte managing the counteractive action, conclusion, and treatment of grown-up sicknesses. Crisis medication is a therapeutic claim to fame including tend to grown-up and pediatric patients with intense sickness or wounds that require prompt restorative consideration.

Track 3: Pharmacogenomics: Convergence Of Pharmacology And Genomics

Customized drug can be utilized to find out around a man's hereditary cosmetics and to disentangle the science of their tumour. Utilizing this data, specialists want to recognize anticipation, screening, and treatment procedures that might be more successful and cause less symptoms than would be normal with standard medicines. By performing more hereditary tests and investigation, specialists might modify treatment to every patient's needs.

Track 4: Genomics And Personalized Medicine

Genomics is a control in hereditary qualities that applies recombinant DNA, DNA sequencing strategies, and bioinformatics to arrangement, amass, and break down the capacity and structure of genomes. Progresses in genomics have set off a transformation in revelation based exploration to see even the most complex organic frameworks, for example, the cerebrum. The field incorporates activities to decide the whole DNA arrangement and human genome variation of life forms and fine-scale hereditary mapping. The field additionally incorporates investigations of intragenomic marvels, for example, heterosis, epistasis, pleiotropy and different associations in the middle of loci within the genome and metagenomics.

Track 5: Genetics Of Ebola Outbreak

Succession investigation of Ebola infection Genome is the second through the 6th qualities of the Ebola infection (EBO) genome demonstrates that it is sorted out correspondingly to rhabdoviruses and paramyxoviruses and is basically the same as Marburg infection (MBG). Researchers utilized genomic sequencing advances to distinguish the cause and track transmission of the Ebola infection in the ebb and flow flare-up in Africa.

Track 6: Approaches To Stem Cell

Personalized Medicine can be used to learn about a persons genetic makeup and to unravel the biology of their tumor. Customized prescription can be utilized to find out around a man's hereditary cosmetics and to disentangle the science of their tumor. Utilizing this data, specialists want to recognize avoidance, screening, and treatment methodologies that might be more powerful and cause less symptoms than would be normal with standard medicines. By performing more hereditary tests and examination, specialists might redo treatment to every patient's needs.

Track 7: Nanotechnology Future Of Personalized Medicine

Nanotechnology ("nanotech") is the control of matter on a nuclear, atomic, and supramolecular scale. The most punctual, across the board depiction of nanotechnology referred to the specific mechanical objective of correctly controlling particles and atoms for manufacture of macro scale items, likewise now alluded to as sub-atomic nanotechnology. Utilizations of pharmaceutical Nano tools, Cell based treatment Molecular components are the methods and instrument in Nano innovation and biotechnology.

Track 8: Personalized Medicine In 21st Century

Personalized Medicine is a developing routine of prescription that uses an individual's hereditary profile to guide choices made with respect to the counteractive action, conclusion, and treatment of illness. Learning of a patient's hereditary profile can offer specialists some assistance with selecting the best possible prescription or treatment and manage it utilizing the best possible dosage or regimen. Utilized for the treatment as Personalized malignancy medication, Diabetes-related infection: hazard appraisal and administration, Personalized drug: New systems and financial ramifications, Implications of customized pharmaceutical in treatment of HIV, Applications of customized prescription in uncommon illnesses, Translational Medicine.

Track 9: Personalized Drug Therapy

Prescient prescription is a field of drug that involves foreseeing the likelihood of illness and initiating preventive measures with a specific end goal to either keep the sickness out and out or fundamentally diminish its effect upon the patient, (for example, by counteracting mortality or constraining grimness). Systems and examines incorporate Newborn screening, Diagnostic testing, Medical bioinformatics, Prenatal testing, Carrier testing, Preconception testing. Infant screening is a general wellbeing program intended to screen babies soon after conception for a rundown of conditions that are treatable, however not clinically apparent in the infant period. Pre-birth testing: Prenatal testing is utilized to search for infections and conditions in a hatchling or incipient organism before it is conceived.

Track 10: Advances In Molecular Diagnostics

Molecular diagnostics is a strategy used to dissect organic markers in the genome and proteome, understanding the estimation of customized prescription the individual's hereditary code and how their cells express their qualities as proteins, by applying sub-atomic science to restorative testing.

Track 11: Paths Of Biomarkers

In prescription, a biomarker and sub-atomic markers are the quantifiable pointer of the seriousness or vicinity of some illness state. All the more by and large a biomarker is anything that can be utilized as a marker of a specific illness state or some other physiological condition of a living being Drug-Diagnostic Co-Development. In the present period of stratified medication and biomarker-driven treatments, the center has moved from expectations in view of the conventional anatomic organizing frameworks to manage the decision of treatment for an individual patient to an incorporated methodology utilizing the hereditary cosmetics of the tumour and the genotype of the patient.

Track 12: Clinical Case Reports

A clinical case report depends on intraspecies contrasts. It is proverbial that little contrasts in hereditary make-up can bring about sensational contrasts in light of medications or illness and societal effect of customized drug. To express this in more broad terms: in any given complex framework, little changes in introductory conditions can bring about significantly diverse results.

Track 13: Lifestyle Medicine

Way of life Medicine (LM) is the utilization of way of life intercessions in the treatment and administration of illness. LM is turning into the favoured methodology for the anticipation as well as the treatment of most constant illnesses, including Type-2 Diabetes, Coronary Heart Disease, Hypertension, Obesity, Insulin Resistance Syndrome, Osteoporosis, tumour preventions.

Track 14: Preventive Medicines

Preventive Medicine is honed by all doctors to keep their patients sound. It is additionally a remarkable therapeutic claim to fame perceived by the American Board of Medical Specialties (ABMS). Preventive Medicine concentrates on the soundness of people, groups, and characterized populaces. It is likewise utilized for the treatment for weight, visual impairment. The Epidemiology Division applies research techniques to comprehend the examples and reasons for wellbeing and infection in the populace and to make an interpretation of this learning into projects intended to anticipate disease.

We would be delighted to have your gracious presence at the 4thEuropean Conference on Personalized, Preventive Medicine & Molecular Diagnostics during November 28-29, 2016 Valencia, Spain.

Personalized Medicine is alluded as individualized treatment which implies the solution of particular medications and therapeutics. Personalized Medicine 2016 highlights the topic "Emphasizing the Knowledge of Personalized Medicine" alongside the logical system clears an approach to assemble visionaries through the exploration talks and presentations. A definitive mission of the meeting is to advance numerous interesting the Novel Approaches and Innovations in customized prescription and social insurance, serves a motivation for the progression of Molecular Diagnostics, a brief talk on Protein Biomarkers, extraordinary spotlight on Genetics Informed Personalized Immunotherapy and Stem Cells Therapy as the Future of Personalized Medicine. Customized Medicine guarantees numerous restorative advancements, and can possibly change the way medications are found and utilized.

OMICS Internationalis devotedly involved in conducting 300+ International Conferences Every Year across Europe, USA (Baltimore, Chicago, Las Vegas, Philadelphia, and San Antonio) and almost all other parts of the world with support from 1000 more scientific societies and Publishes 400+ Open access journals which contains over 30000 eminent personalities, reputed scientists as editorial board members.

Personalized medicine therapeutics and companion diagnostic market have huge opportunities for growth in healthcare and will improve therapeutic effectiveness and reduce the severity of adverse effects approach to drug therapies. Personalized cancer medicine is self-made samples of translating cancer genetics into medical. There is a huge contribution of Genomic medicine by revealing genomic variations; have an effect on health, sickness and drug response.Biomarker also play vital role in the biological characteristic which can be molecular, anatomic, physiologic and chemical change drug development research which turns biomarkers into companion diagnostics.

Importance and Scope:

Personalized Medicine is an affecting learning method around a man's hereditary cosmetics and to unwind the science of their growth. Utilizing this data, specialists plan to distinguish counteractive action, screening, and treatment systems that might be more successful and cause less symptoms than would be normal with standard medications. By performing more hereditary tests and examination, specialists might modify treatment to every patient's needs

Personalized Cancer Medicineand treatments: Deciding the odds that a man will create disease and selecting screening procedures to bring down the danger, Matching patients with medications that will probably be powerful and cause less reactions, Predicting the danger of repeat (return of cancer).It is a developing field of pharmaceutical in which medicines are customized to the individual patient. Customized Diagnostics are medicinal gadgets that offer specialists some assistance with deciding which medications to offer patients and which measurements to give, custom-made particularly to the patient, says Elizabeth A. Mansfield, Ph.D., Deputy Office Director for Personalized Medicine in FDA's Office of In Vitro Diagnostics and Radiological Health. The friend analytic is fundamental to the sheltered and compelling utilization of the medication.

Personalized Medicine Diabetes is the utilization of data about the hereditary cosmetics of a man with diabetes to modify strategies for anticipating, recognizing, treating, or observing their diabetes. The act of PMFD includes four procedures. Initially is the ID of qualities and biomarkers for diabetes and additionally for corpulence. Second, is designation of assets to anticipate or recognize the diabetes and/or weight phenotype in high-hazard people, whose danger depends on their genotype. Third is determination of individualized treatments for influenced people. Fourth is estimation of flowing biomarkers of diabetes to screen the reaction to counteractive action or treatment.

Personalized Medicine World Conference will serve as a drive for the progression of sub-atomic investigation by associating researchers the whole way across the world at gatherings and presentations that would make a situation helpful for data trade, era of new thoughts and speeding up of uses. Customized Medicine Conference guarantees numerous restorative advancements, and can possibly change the way medications are found and utilized.

Cancer chemotherapy is in advancement from non-particular cytotoxic medications that harm both tumour and typical cells to more particular specialists and immunotherapy approaches Targeted operators are coordinated at one of a kind sub-atomic components of growth cells, and resistant therapeutics regulate the tumour insusceptible reaction; both methodologies plan to create more prominent viability with less danger. The advancement and utilization of such operators in biomarker-characterized populaces empowers a more Personalized Medicine Oncology treatment than already conceivable and can possibly lessen the expense of disease consideration.

The expression "Personalized medicine" is regularly depicted as giving "the right patient with the right medication at the right dosage at the correct time." More comprehensively, customized solution (otherwise called accuracy prescription) might be considered as the customizing of medicinal treatment to the individual qualities, needs, and inclinations of a patient amid all phases of consideration, including counteractive action, conclusion, treatment, and postliminary. Worldwide mastery Gathering on Personalized Medicine World Congress.

Personalized Medicine will move therapeutic practices upstream from the responsive treatment of infection, to proactive social insurance administration including screening, early treatment, and counteractive action, and will adjust the parts of both doctor and patient. Customized pharmaceutical requires a frameworks way to deal with usage. Be that as it may, in a social insurance economy that is profoundly decentralized and advertise driven, it is occupant upon the partners themselves to advocate for a steady arrangement of approaches and enactment that make ready for the reception of customized prescription. To address this need, the Personalized Medicine Coalition (PMC) was shaped as a non-benefit umbrella association of pharmaceutical, biotechnology, demonstrative, and data innovation organizations, social insurance suppliers and payers, understanding backing bunches, industry approach associations, real scholastic foundations, and government offices.

Pharmacogenomics is a piece of a field called customized solution, additionally called individualized or exactness pharmaceutical that means to redo medicinal services, with choices and medications custom-made to every individual patient inside and out conceivable. Despite the fact that genomic testing is still a generally new improvement in medication treatment, this field is extending. At present, more than 100 medications have name data with respect to Personalized Medicine Pharmacogenomics biomarkers: some quantifiable or identifiable fragment of hereditary data that can be utilized to coordinate the utilization of a medication.

Propels in human genome examination are opening the way to another worldview for honing solution that guarantees to change social insurance. Customized solution, the utilization of marker-helped conclusion and focused on treatments got from an individual's atomic profile, will affect the way medications are created and pharmaceutical is honed. The customary straight procedure of medication disclosure and improvement will be supplanted by an incorporated and heuristic methodology. What's more, Personalized Medicine Patient Care will be altered using novel atomic inclination, screening, analytic, prognostic, pharmacogenomics and observing markers. Albeit various difficulties should be met to make customized drug a reality, with time, this methodology will supplant the conventional experimentation routine of medication.

Customized way of life prescription is a recently created term that alludes to a way to deal with medication in which an individual's wellbeing measurements from purpose of-consideration diagnostics are utilized to create way of life drug situated remedial systems for enhancing singular wellbeing results in overseeing incessant infection. Customized way of life pharmaceutical can give answers for incessant harnessing so as to wellbeing issues imaginative and advancing advances in view of late disclosures in genomics, epigenetics, frameworks science, life and behavioral sciences, and diagnostics and clinical solution.

Market Analysis

The Euro market estimation for customized drugs is anticipated to develop at the exacerbated yearly development rate of 7.5% amid 2009 to 2015. This development in future is required to be driven by various elements such as cost investment funds on medicines, early conclusion of ailment, medication wellbeing, quiet consistence, and improvement of treatments. Right now, America commands the business sector for customized pharmaceutical; be that as it may, progression in innovation and advancements in the field of DNA is required to set up Personalized Medicine Market in USA, UK, France, India, China, and Japan.

Quick advances in innovation have made it attainable to recognize a man's one of a kind genome. One individual varies from another by a large number of varieties in the genome, and a considerable lot of these varieties influence weakness to infection and reaction to medications. More noteworthy comprehension of individual genomes is permitting researchers and clinicians to start to "customize" medication. The Personalized Genomic Medicine insurgency will yield more viable medications with less unfavorable reactions and lead to longer, more beneficial lives and lower human services costs. The customized pharmaceutical industry in the United States as of now produces $286 billion every year in incomes and is developing by 11% every year, as indicated by Price water house Coopers Research at JAX Genomic Medicine will add to customized solution by uncovering how genomic varieties influence wellbeing, malady and medication reaction.

The worldwide Personalized Medicine Industry was esteemed at 8,956.14 billion EUR in 2014 and is relied upon to achieve 2179.32 billion EUR in 2022, developing at a CAGR of 11.8% over the gauge period. Key drivers of the business sector incorporate developing improvement of cutting edge sequencing, entire genome innovation, partner diagnostics and developing number of retail facilities.

The3rd International Conference on Predictive, Preventive and Personalized Medicine & Molecular Diagnostics, hosted by theOMICS Internationalwas held duringSeptember 01-03, 2015at Valencia, Spain with the theme A new era for Healthcare and Medicine". This one-stop meeting provided comprehensive updates, education, and information on current and emerging Personalized Medicine issues and challenges.

The Conference was accomplished by the support of personalized specialty world molecular biologists, diagnostic therapists, physicians, bioinformaticians, academic scientists, industry researchers, scholars, decision makers, public health professionals and other health care professionals representing more than 25 countries, who made this conference fruitful and productive.

We are also thankful to the following exhibitor for their participation and interactive sessions:

ExScale Biospecimen Solutions,

The meeting was carried out through various sessions, in which the discussions were held on the following major scientific tracks:

Current Focus on Personalized Medicine

Clinical aspects of Personalized Medicine in Human, Animal models

Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics

Biomarkers

Nanotechnology and Biotechnology

Predictive Medicine in Pharmaceutical Analysis

Preventive Medicine

Health Care Medicine and P4 Medicine

Lifestyle Medicine

Genomics

Cancer Immunology & Oncology

OMICS International would like to convey a warm gratitude to all the Honorable guests and Keynote Speakers of Diabetes-2014:

Vincent S Gallicchio, Clemson University, USA

Ananda S Prasad, Wayne State University School of Medicine, USA

ConstantinPolychronakos, The Research Institute of the McGill Health Centre, Canada

MarangelesPajares, Instituto de InvestigacionesBiomdicas Alberto Sols, Spain

Anatoly Skalny, Trace Element Institute, Russia

SangeetaShukla, Jiwaji University, India

Mohamed Abdulla, Swedish Medical Board, Sweden

Our special thanks to the editors ofJournal of Pharmacogenomics & Pharmacoproteomics,Translational Medicine and Journal of Pharmaceutics & Drug Delivery Researchand the organizing committee members, Chair and Co-Chairs for their immense support and beneficial approach.

With the enormous feedback from the participants and supporters ofPersonalized Medicine 2015, OMICS International Conferences is glad to announce4thInternational Conference on Genomics and Personalized Medicineto be held duringJune 27-29, 2016 at Valencia, Spainalong with the5thInternational Conference on Predictive, Preventive and Personalized Medicine & Molecular Diagnosticsto be held atBerlin, Germanyin the month ofJuly 21-22, 2016.

Personalized Medicine 2014

OMICS International 2ndInternational Conference on Predictive, Preventive and Personalized Medicine & Molecular Diagnosticsat Embassy Suites Las Vegas, USA during November 3-5, 2014 was organized with a focus on Critical Review on Emphasizing the Knowledge of Personalized Medicinewas a great success where eminent keynote speakers from various reputed institutions made their resplendent presence and addressed the gathering.

Personalized Medicine-2014 witnessed an amalgamation of peerless speakers who enlightened the crowd with their knowledge and confabulated on various newfangled topics related to the field of Personalized Medicine and Molecular Diagnostics.

Personalized Medicine-2014 Organizing Committee would like to thank the Moderator of the conference,Dr.Sergey Suchkov, I M Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russia who contributed a lot for the smooth functioning of this event.

OMICS International would like to convey a warm gratitude to all the Honorable guests and Keynote Speakers of Personalized Medicine -2014:

Vincent Gallicchio, Clemson University, USA Mukesh Verma, National Cancer Institute USA Claudio Nicolini, University of Genova, Italy Sergey Suchkov, I M Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russia Ananda Prasad,Wayne State University School of Medicine, USA

OMICS International, on behalf of the conference, congratulates theBest Poster awardeesfor their outstanding performance and appreciates all the participants who put their efforts in poster presentations and sincerely wishes them success in future endeavors. We would like to thank the Poster Competition JudgeDr.Ananda Prasad,Wayne State University School of Medicine, USA for his valuable time.

Best Poster Winners: Vladimir Sergeevich Chernyy, Novosibirsk State University, Russian Federation

OMICS International Conferences llc also took the privilege of felicitating Personalized Medicine-2014Organizing Committee, Editorial Board MembersofJournal of Pharmacogenomics & PharmacoproteomicsandTranslational Medicine, Keynote Speakers, Chair and Co-Chairs and Moderator whose support made conference a great success.

With the enormous feedback from the participants and supporters of Personalized Medicine -2014, OMICS International Conferences is glad to announce

Personalized Medicine-2013

"International conference on Predictive, Preventive and Personalized Medicine & Molecular Diagnostics"was held during August 5-7, 2013 at Holiday Inn Chicago North shore, USA.

OMICS Group Personalized Medicine - 2013 has swirl up the scientific thoughts and proved its importance in the booming area of research with stash of results by following the sequence of the human genome. Examples of relevant areas for personalized medicine include genomics, proteomics, epigenomics, pharmacogenomics etc.

The Conference has gathered support from American College of Lifestyle Medicine, Lifestyle Medicine 2013, and Bioadvance. The citing can be viewed at webpages of Media Partners. American College of Lifestyle Medicine, Sigma Aldrich has participated as an exhibitors in this conference.

All accepted abstracts have been indexed inOMICS Group Translational Medicine Journal as a special issue.

The highlights of the meeting were the eponymous Keynote lectures and Honorable Guests

Vincent Gallicchio- Clemson University, UNESCO, USA Toshihisa Ishikawa RIKEN Omics Science Centre, Japan Dik C. Van Gent- Erasmus MC, Netherlands

Following organizations took part in Personalized Medicine- 2013

We are also obliged to various delegate experts, company representatives and other eminent personalities who supported the conference by facilitating active discussion forums. We sincerely thank theEditorial Board Members and OCM's for their gracious presence, support, and assistance towards the success of PersonalizedMedicine -2013

With the constant patronage of the Translational Medicine Journal, OMICS Group Conferences is glad to divulge our2nd International Conference on Predictive, Preventive and Personalized Medicine & Molecular DiagnosticsduringNovember 3-5, 2014 at Embassy Suites, Las Vegas, USA.

The move towards personalized medicine can be seen as an evolutionary rather than revolutionary process. Although some personalized medicine approaches have already been introduced into practice in Europe, we are at an early stage of its implementation. Significant paradigm shifts will need to take place in major fields of medical research and health care for this innovative area to be fully exploited.

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Personalized Medicine Conference | Medical Events | 2016 ...

FDA's Role in the Precision Medicine Initiative

Most medical treatments are designed for the "average patient" as "one-size-fits-all-approach," that is successful for some patients but not for others. Precision medicine, sometimes known as "personalized medicine" is an innovative approach to disease prevention and treatment that takes into account differences in peoples genes, environments and lifestyles.

Advances in precision medicine have already led to powerful new discoveries and several new FDA-approved treatments that are tailored to specific characteristics of individuals, such as a persons genetic makeup, or the genetic profile of an individuals tumor. Patients with a variety of cancers routinely undergo molecular testing as part of patient care, enabling physicians to select treatments that improve chances of survival and reduce exposure to adverse effects.

To advance these developments, President Obamas Precision Medicine Initiative seeks to identify genetically-based drivers ofdisease in order to develop new, more effective treatments. FDAs role is to ensure the accuracy of genetic tests, many of which are derived from next generation sequencing, a rapid and fairly inexpensive technology that collects data on a persons entire genome.Researchers are combing through segments of this data to look for genetic variants, potentially meaningful differences that might eventually result in a treatment.

However, the vast amount of information generated through next generation sequencing (NGS) poses novel regulatory issues for FDA.Recognizing these challenges, FDA is at work on a workable regulatory platform that will encourage innovation while ensuring accuracy. To get there, weve been issuing discussion papers, holding workshops and collaborating with our stakeholders.

In addition, FDA has created precisionFDA, a community research and development portal that allows for testing, piloting, and validating existing and new bioinformatics approaches to NGS processing.

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Precision Medicine - Food and Drug Administration

Whether you are newly diagnosed with breast cancer in New York, Chicago, or Los Angeles, new advances in technology are available that can determine the biology of your specific tumor type by using genetic testing for breast cancer. This information is used to tailor your cancer treatment plan around your specific tumor biology to give you the best outcome and possibly avoid the side effects of breast cancer treatment. Why have chemotherapy if your tumor wont respond to it? Why have hormonal therapy if you wont receive any benefit?

Targeting Therapy for YOUR cancer

Matching an individuals biology with a selected therapy is called personalized medicine, and attempts to use targeted therapy for breast cancer. Looking at the genes in your tumor and determining how the genes are functioning is the first step in personalizing your medical plan. Once the genomic test has been performed, the breast cancer recurrence test, along with your personal clinical and pathological factors, will tell you and your doctor how your tumor is behaving and to which therapy it will best respond.

Juliann Reiland, MD, Breast Surgeon, Avera Medical Group, Sioux Falls, SD

John Link, MD, Breast Oncology, Breastlink, Orange, CA

The main reason we can individualize your medical treatment is that we can now look at specific genes in your tumor that show how your tumor is behaving: whether it is a more aggressive tumor and requires chemotherapy or whether it is a less aggressive tumor and other milder therapies might work just as effectively but without the caustic side effects of chemotherapy.

Looking at tumor cells gene expression is called genomic profiling, or genomic testing.

Genomic testing measures how your tumor genes are being expressed which tells physicians how your tumor will behave. Once you know what type of tumor you have and how it behaves, you and your doctor can tailor the right approach, or personalize your treatment plan.

No two tumors are the same.Their treatments shouldnt be either.

Personalized medicine is about tailoring your treatment plan for your tumor. In order to do this, you need to know the genomic makeup of your tumor.

How do you do that?

Get a genomic test on your tumor. Find a doctor.

Peter D. Beitsch, MD FACS, Breast Surgical Oncologist, Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas, TX

Below is an edited transcript of a Twitter chat held Oct. 21, 2015 and sponsored by the Tigerlily Foundation (Twitter: @tigerlilycares). The chat was organized under #ybcsempowered Young Breast Cancer Survivors Empowered. The discussion focused on molecular diagnostic (genomic) testing for breast cancer.

TigerLily Twitter Chat Transcript

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Personalized Medicine | Breast Cancer New York & LA

By Kevin E. Noonan --

The promise of an era of "personalized medicine" has been pursued for a generation, being one of the rationales for and purported benefits of the Human Genome Project. It has become such a sought-for goal that it has been used to drive policy: it is something that health care reform is banking on (literally), since by making medicine more individualized, success rates and fewer failed therapies are envisioned. It crept into the gene patenting debate, with Judge Bryson in his dissent crediting the ACLU's claim that gene patents will inhibit development of personalized medicine (they won't). But as others have noted (for example, Nicholas Wade, "A dissenting voice as the genome is sifted to fight disease," The New York Times, September 15, 2008), a promise is all it remains: achieving a personalized medicine future has proven (so far) to be much more daunting than its proponents believed (or told the rest of us to believe).

The results of a cancer study in the New England Journal of Medicine last week may have shed some light on what this has been so. The report, "Intratumor heterogeneity and branched evolution revealed by multiregion sequencing," a team of physicians and scientists from the UK and Harvard revealed that the genetics of human tumors is much more complicated than previously thought (Gerlinger et al., 2012, N. Engl. J. Med. 366: 883-92). These researchers obtained multiple biopsy samples from different regions of the same tumor (primary and metastatic) and performed multilocus genomic sequencing. The tumors were all a particular subtype of primary renal cell carcinoma, clear cell carcinoma (CCC) from patients that had been treated with everolimus (Zortress, an mTOR inhibitor) therapy before and after nephrectomy. Whole exome multiregion spatial DNA sequencing (see below) was performed on extracted tissue from fresh frozen samples as well as SNP analysis and mRNA expression profiling using gene arrays.

Exome Sequencing - Part I:

Exome Sequencing - Part 2

The results showed a significant amount of genetic heterogeneity that could be related to chemotherapeutic drug resistance and differential metastatic potential. In one CCC patient, nine regions of the primary tumor and three regions of metastatic tumors (as well as the germline DNA sequences) were assayed. A 2 bp deletion in the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor gene was found, a genetic characteristic of CCC. These analyses revealed 101 nonsynonymous point mutations and 32 instances of insertion or deletion (indels), with the assays showing a low false negative rate of detection. From a total of 128 mutations detected in the various samples, 40 were "ubiquitous" mutations (found in all samples), 59 were shared by "several but not all" regions, and 29 were unique to a particular region (called "private mutations"). Of the "shared" mutations, 31 were shared by most of the primary tumor samples, and 28 shared by most of the metastatic tumor samples. "The detection of private mutations suggested an ongoing regional clonal evolution," the authors concluded from this data.

From these results, the workers constructed a phylogenetic tree that revealed "branching rather than linear" tumor evolution. Deeper analysis showed that, in some regions, the primary tumor shared more mutation with the metastases than with other areas of the primary tumor, suggesting the existence of two "clonal populations of progenitor cells in this region." The study also compared these results with results from a "single" tumor biopsy study, which detected 70 somatic mutations (about 55% of the total detected using the multiregional approach). These figures were put into context by noting that only 31-34% of all mutations detected using the multiregional sampling/sequencing were detected in all regions. Finally, any major effect of the everolimus treatment on these results was discounted by finding that 67/71 mutations found after treatment were present in the tumor samples pretreatment, and that 64/66 chest wall metastasis mutations were found in post-treatment metastatic tumors. These results indicated to the researchers that "the two main branches of the phylogenetic tree were present before drug treatment" and that "60% of the mutations in pretreatment samples of the primary tumor and chest-wall metastases were not shared by both biopsy samples," i.e., evidence of clonal evolution that would have required reversion of somatic mutations during treatment (not very likely).

A conventional measure of tumor heterogeneity, ploidy analysis (i.e., how many chromosomes and chromosome fragments were present in the tumor cells) was also performed. While the primary tumor was predominantly diploid (i.e., facially "normal") there were two regions in the metastatic tumors that were subtetraploid (i.e., a few fewer than twice the [n]o limited by sample quality issues showed ubiquitous "allelic imbalance" on the short arm of the 3rd chromosome (3p) characterized by loss of heterozygosity at multiple allelic loci), including VHL and histone H3K36 methyltransferase SETD2. Even here, "tumor regions shared identical allelic-imbalance profiles, and heterogeneity of allelic imbalance within metastases, which is probably driven by aneuploidy, indicates that chromosomal aberrations contribute to genetic intratumor heterogeneity."

The study also compared the mutational status of genes known to be mutated in CCC, including VHL, SETD2, KDM5C, and mTOR. Only the VHL gene was ubiquitously mutated in all regions sampled, contrasted in the study by the mutational nature of SETD2: the metastases all showed a missense mutation while one primary region had a splice site mutation and the others showed a 2 bp frameshift deletion (which was also present in the region with the frameshift mutation). Convergent evolution was detected with regard to SETD2 histone methylation using functional assays; such convergent genetic evolution in tumor cells was also detected for the X chromosome-encoded histone methyltransferase KDM5C.

Another gene, mTOR, showed a missense mutation in the portion of the gene encoding a kinase domain; this mutation was found in all but one of the primary tumor regions tested. The researchers also reported that a currently used test for CCC, a 110-gene signature that assesses patient prognosis, displayed anomalous results: the metastases and one primary tumor sample showed the "good" prognostic pattern while all the other primary sites showed the "poor" prognostic pattern. The authors caution that "prognostic gene-expression signatures may not correctly predict outcomes if they are assessed from a single region of a heterogeneous tumor."

The workers performed similar analyses on three other patients. In one, patient 2, the researchers found 119 somatic mutations what also showed a branching pattern of clonal genetic evolution in this patient's tumor. Here, ~31-37 of the mutations were found ubiquitously (the lower number was obtained when the metastases were included). While no ploidy imbalance was detected in these tumor samples, allelic imbalance was found ubiquitously in all tested regions for 3p and on the long arm of chromosome 10 (10q). In addition to some of the 3p mutations found in patent 1's tumor, mutations were found for genes residing on 10q, including PTEN. Convergent evolution was also observed for the PTEN gene. Similar results were obtained and briefly noted for tumor samples obtained from patients 3 and 4 (patient 4's tumors showed allelic imbalance on chromosomes 5 (5q) and6 (6q)). However, "[t]hese early ubiquitous events were outnumbered by non-ubiquitous aberrations, indicating that the majority of chromosomal events occurred after tumors diverged, providing further evidence of branching evolution." Patient 4 also showed tumor heterogeneity in genes like SETD2 that had been detected in other tumor samples.

The authors summarized their results by noting that they had detected genetic heterogeneity in each tumor assayed, showing "spatial separated heterogeneous somatic mutations and chromosomal imbalances." These genetic lesions lead to phenotypic heterogeneity, with 63-69% of the mutations not detected in every tumor region sampled. Their detection of "ubiquitous alterations on the trunk of the tumor phylogenetic tree . . . may account for the benefits of cytoreductive nephrectomy" because it reduces the "reservoir" of primary tumors cells capable of genetic instability and failure to respond to more "conventional" regions of the tumor. Finally, the authors state that:

Genomics analyses from single tumor-biopsy specimens may underestimate the mutational burden of heterogeneous tumors. Intratumor heterogeneity may explain the difficulties encountered in the validation of oncology biomarkers owing to sampling bias, contribute to Darwinian selection of preexisting drug-resistant clones, and predict therapeutic resistance. Reconstructing tumor clonal architectures and the identification of common mutations located in the trunk of the phylogenetic tree may contribute to more robust biomarkers and therapeutic approaches.

These results illustrate a few things. First, the gene patenting debate per se is anachronistic and ten if not thirty years out of date. The complexity revealed by this study provides one reason why approaches tried thus far for implementing personalized medicine have not worked out as well as planned. This complexity suggests that it will take far more time to produce a worthwhile personalized medicine paradigm that fulfills all its unfulfilled promises and that the "gene age" will likely be long past by that time.

This very same complexity reinforces the risk in making any broad pronouncements against the patent-eligibility of "products to nature." With this level of complexity, the number of "false negatives" (and, presumably, false positives) may make it possible to identify diagnostic genetic markers for disease prognosis that can be protected without patents. As noted by the authors, identification of the "trunk" mutations (shared by the largest number of tumor samples) provide the best information on the tumor for treatment, prognosis and otherwise. The negative consequences of changing the incentives from disclosure (protected by patenting) and non-disclosure (protected, inter alia as a trade secret) has been discussed here before; this study points to ways that could be profitable for the company that develops the test at the cost of reaching the goal of personalized medical care. Because the alternative may be no personalized medical care at all, it behooves participants in the policy debate about gene patents, genetic diagnostic testing, and innovation to consider this study to be but the first in a long series demonstrating that, indeed, we are only at the beginning of the road when it comes to developing a robust personalized medicine system.

Images of exome sequencing (above) by SarahKusala, from the Wikipedia Commons (Part I & Part 2) under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported license.

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Patent Docs: Personalized Medicine

Join us for Personalized Medicine 9.0: Gene Therapy & Genome Editing This changes everything! Thursday 26 May 2016 8:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. An exciting topic every year South San Francisco Conference Center Personalized medicine seeks to use genetic variation to develop new diagnostic tests and treatments and to identify the sub-groups of patients for whom they will work best. This approach can also help determine which groups of patients are more prone to developing some diseases and, ideally, help with the selection of lifestyle changes and/or treatments that can delay onset of disease or reduce its impact. This year, in our ninth annual conference on personalized medicine, we address the promise of technologies like genome editing for gene therapy and drug discovery. The correction of genetic disease has been elusive until very recently, but the process of genome editing through the CRISPR/Cas9 system has revolutionized the field with unprecedented speed, and unparalleled opportunities. CRISPR has also proved to be one of the most powerful tools in basic genetics and biology developed in the last century, and provides new ways to understand cellular function. Using this knowledge, we have the potential to create pharmaceuticals and diagnostic tests with a speed and accuracy never before imagined. We explore the science behind gene therapy and genome editing, the realization of new diagnostic tools and treatments, the ethics of germline gene manipulation, and the implications for the future of the pharmaceutical industry and the human species. For further information or to sponsor this event, email us at dnamed@sfsu.edu Personalized Medicine The Time is Now We are happy to accommodate persons with special access requirements. Please contact Mike Goldman at: goldman@sfsu.edu or 415.338.1549

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Personalized Medicine SFSU