StemCell Therapy

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HCQ for Covid-19 highly politicised in US, widely used in India: White House official - Hindustan Times

By The Canadian Press on July 12, 2020.

OTTAWA Canadas public health experts have been racing to stop the spread of COVID-19 by trying to figure out how everyone is getting it, and whom they might have given it to.

But even the best efforts over the last four months have left doctors stymied about the source of more than one-third of this countrys known COVID-19 infections.

Now, medical researchers are using supercomputers to turn genetics labs into detective agencies and starting the work to figure out how almost every case in Canada arose.

Andrew McArthur, director of the biomedical discovery and commercialization program at McMaster University, says his group will make a big push over the next month to compare the genetic material from versions of novel coronavirus isolated from blood samples of thousands of Canadians.

This virus is not mutating a lot, which is helpful for vaccine development and treatments, but its changing just enough that individual cases can be linked, creating a road map of sorts of how the virus spread through the nation.

McArthur says this information will identify where weak spots were in public health measures early on and help quickly stamp out flare ups of new cases by figuring out where they originated.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published July 12, 2020.

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Genetic detectives begin work to trace spread of COVID-19 in Canada - Medicine Hat News

As protests against police brutality began in late May, Kechia Matthews lay in a hospital bed battling COVID-19: "I really could not breathe at all. Like, I just felt no air, no nothing. It was scary. It was terrifying. It happened fast. I didn't know where it came [from], like, it just hit."

She was treated by a team of doctors at Johns Hopkins University, including Dr. Panagis Galiatsatos, who said, "I couldn't forget how she looked, the fear in her eyes realizing she could die."

Matthews, a Baltimore native, was just about to graduate with a degree in criminal justice and forensic science from Coppin State University. But it wasn't clear if she'd survive. "I've never been as scared in my life," she told correspondent Allison Aubrey of National Public Radio. "I didn't think I was coming home. It was hard."

Young adults are much less likely to die from COVID-19. Dr. Galiatsatos said, "Kechia was telling us her preexisting conditions. As soon as she said diabetes, I mean, my heart sank, right? I wasn't just dealing with now a 27-year-old; I was dealing someone with one of the variables that we know is gonna create a likelihood of worse symptoms."

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, people with chronic diseases (such as obesity, heart disease and type-2 diabetes) are a staggering 12 times more likely to die from the coronavirus.

And Black Americans have a higher prevalence of these conditions.

Matthews was in the hospital for three weeks, and on a ventilator six days. When she was finally released, she emerged with a new sense of urgency: "Taking my health seriously; I need to," she said. "I don't ever wanna be put in a situation like that again."

But her determination is just one piece of the COVID puzzle. The lifestyle changes needed to tackle chronic disease are often difficult to make in economically-challenged areas.

Dr. Galiatsatos said, "One of the reasons why we see disparities ravage in the minority populations is because those kind of lifestyle requests are really hard to do in neighborhoods that are plagued by homicide, neighborhoods that are plagued by food deserts. And the challenge there is, resources to give them the opportunities to overcome that, were at a pace that, in my opinion, is unethical."

"People are now hungry and they are hurting," said Hassan Amin, who is imam at Masjid Ul-Haqq, a mosque in West Baltimore. "They were hungry and hurting before the virus. Now they're really doing so, because a lot of times the people we serve, these are the ones that are the last hired, first fired."

Dr. Galiatsatos has teamed up with faith leaders, including Imam Amin, to address these obstacles. At a community event at the mosque where fresh produce and grocery gift cards were being handed out, Dr. Galiatsatos answered questions about COVID-19. His goal: to build relationships. "Medicine is a public trust. We can't just know the science, right? We have to know the patient, and we have to know the community."

"So, by bringing him here, you're building bridges?" asked Aubrey.

"Oh, yeah," Imam Amin replied. "It was building bridges, filling in gaps. 'Cause right now, the people don't trust hospitals and doctors."

The hope is that partnerships between between doctors and community leaders (like Imam Amin) can help build trust. The strategy of working with so-called "trusted messengers" is backed by physician Sherita Golden, who is the chief diversity officer at Johns Hopkins Medicine.

"The reasons those trusted messengers are so important is that there are many of these vulnerable communities that are distrustful of the healthcare system, so this is because of prior historical experiences," she said.

From the infamous Tuskeegee syphilis experiment in the 1940s, when treatment was deliberately withheld from Black men, to Dr. James Marion Sims in the 1800s, who performed surgical experiments on enslaved Black women with no anesthesia, the history of racist mistreatment of Black Americans by the medical establishment is well-documented.

And what still persists today is the misperception that Black people are somehow different from other groups of people. Dr Golden said, "There's been sort of this questioning that, 'Are African Americans more genetically or biologically vulnerable to contracting COVID-19?' And there is no evidence of that. There is nothing genetic or biological about working in a service sector where you have to be essential, and you're just gonna get exposed because you happen to be there. So, there is no evidence that genetics is playing into this at all."

But another factor that likely is playing into this: Stress.

"Stress can make people more prone to infection," Dr. Golden said. "So what happens is that, it alters your body's immune response so that you may be less likely to be able to fight infection as well.

"Structural racism, that induces a form of chronic stress, thinking about, 'Where is my next meal going to come from? I've gotta work three shifts tonight. And then, I have to worry about my child getting pulled over by the police.' Like, those chronic stressors, even though you may not feel you are acutely stressed, they are still impacting your hormonal system."

Looking back, COVID-19 survivor Kechia Matthews says she was under tremendous stress when she got the virus: "Working a full-time job. Going to school. Seven classes at one time. Two hours of studying. Three hours of sleep."

And all of that takes its toll. Imam Amin points out Black people in Baltimore and around the country are more likely to have the types of jobs that you cannot do from home: "That means that they are exposed to all kinds of people all day long, coughing and sniffling, whatever, and then they end up maybe catching something, and they end up taking it home to their families."

It's one more reason why Blacks and Latinos are about three times as likely to get COVID-19

But Matthews said she's now full of hope. When she emerged from the hospital to see "Black Lives Matter" painted on streets, and White people joining Black people to protest injustice, she saw it as a symbol of progress.

Her goal is to become an FBI Special Agent: "That's my next career goal. And that also goes along with me and my health goals. You know, you have to be healthy, fit, in shape. So, another thing that's motivating me."

And Dr. Golden said that Matthews deserves a country that rewards that determination: "This is an important time for us as a country to really think about what are the things we value, what do we want to focus on, and how can we use our power of legislation to really address the issues of making our communities healthier, making our communities safer."

Aubrey asked Matthews, "What do you think your role is in pushing for change in your own community?"

"I want my people safe," she replied. "I want them to have someone they can trust. I want to have someone they can look up to."

"You seem hopeful."

"I am hopeful and determined," Matthews replied. "I'm gonna always be hopeful."

For more info:

Story produced by Amol Mhatre. Editor: Ed Givnish.

Read more here:
Building bridges to combat COVID-19 in communities of color - CBS News

The disease investigators arrived at the apartment in street clothes, carrying their gowns, gloves and face shields in Whole Foods bags. They didnt knock on the door.

Instead, they called the resident a man in his 50s, then Californias first known coronavirus case by phone.When he answered, he was instructed to move to the farthest corner of the apartment so the team could go inside and suit up.

They had come to the apartment building in Orange County to make sure the man was where he promised to be and that he was isolating there, completely alone.

First case. New virus. We werent going to take peoples word for it, recalled the countys medical director of communicable disease control, Dr. Matthew Zahn, who oversaw the operation.

They asked about symptoms in the patients wife, his child, his recent dinner guest.

So began what by many measures was the most extensive public health campaign in California: a rapid mobilization to identify people suffering from the novel coronavirus and prevent them from infecting others. In the early days, officials didnt know whether this would be a short-term undertaking to prevent community transmission in the state or an epic battle against a once-in-a-century pandemic.

But as the latter scenario played out, California found itself unprepared, overwhelmed and constantly lagging, a Los Angeles Times investigation has found. Those early failures left California far behind in the fight against the coronavirus, and it has struggled to keep up even as cases surge today.

In the beginning, dozens of investigators, called cluster busters, worked each case to try and contain the spread of the coronavirus. They aimed at identifying each strand of transmission and snipping it before the virus could take hold as a sturdy web across communities. They functioned as all-inclusive personal assistants: arranging child care, setting up WiFi, coordinating grocery drop-offs.

But data would later show that, long before the official case count began to climb, the virus was freewheeling. Federal officials grappling with a shortage of test kits issued narrow testing criteria; that meant key local spreaders in the states budding outbreak were going unnoticed and untraced.

Contact tracers were never alerted, for example, to people such as Margaret Cabanis-Wicht and her husband, a 41-year-old movie director in Rancho Palos Verdes who had attended a January gala in Beijing with hundreds from across China.

Twelve days after her husbands return to California, their 5-year-old daughter woke in the night with a 102-degree fever. Cabanis-Wicht had one, too. For days, they hounded their doctors, the state health department and even the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. But the two were ineligible for coronavirus testing because, though living with a potential carrier, they hadnt left the country.

Well never know, Cabanis-Wicht said.

With a positive test result in the household, contact tracers would likely have visited the family, along with each of the children with whom the girl had played. Instead, Cabanis-Wicht watched in horror as school officials soon reported cases of influenza-like illness arising in the elementary school. In early March, a parent of a fellow student finally got a test and turned up positive.

Without a doubt, we were all aware that we were likely missing cases, said Zahn, citing the testing restrictions. We relied on test results. If you werent tested, we didnt identify you.

If the earliest potential spreaders werent eligible for coronavirus testing, how could cluster busters find them in time to curb a full-blown outbreak?

It was a question we were all asking, Zahn said.

Unprepared

The laboratory testing process relied on strikingly inefficient instruments: humans.

The strict protocol approved by federal health officials meant no automation at L.A. Countys public health lab. Lab workers hovered over patient samples, using the plastic droppers known as pipettes to manually extract genetic material from them, one by one.

They loaded samples into the wells of a testing machine that looked more like an outdated LaserJet office printer than the solution to a pandemic. It ran 18 hours a day, seven days a week. Still, by March 11, with infections likely spreading by the thousands, only about 70 peoples specimens had been tested in the Downey lab, the departments director said.

Other counties were worse off. One in four of the states public health laboratories closed entirely in recent years, and there remained less than one public health lab per million state residents. Many reported an annual equipment budget of zero dollars or were under review for closure until couriers began arriving with patient swabs and hand-scribbled test requests.

A technician processes specimens at the UCLA clinical microbiology lab in Brentwood.

(Brian van der Brug / Los Angeles Times)

Demand for testing surged after about 1,250 Californians who had been on a cruise ship with a coronavirus patient had unknowingly scattered across the state, likely proliferating the spread. Another 9,000 people in California had recently returned from countries experiencing severe outbreaks.

The pileup of samples left the countys testing infrastructure bottlenecked and on the brink of collapse. A county memo asked hospitals to turn away any suspected coronavirus patient with mild symptoms without a test and without reporting the case.

Dont call the public health department, one infection control coordinator wrote in an email to doctors.

The county reported a total of just 29 infections an obvious undercount.

Outmatched

On March 13, a Friday, Steve Rusckowski, the chief executive of Quest Diagnostics, approached the podium in the Rose Garden of the White House. President Trump patted him on the back.

Stephen, Trump said. Great job.

Stephen Rusckowski, chief executive of Quest Diagnostics, discusses the coronavirus at a White House news conference with President Trump on March 13.

(Alex Brandon / Associated Press)

With the testing infrastructure in public facilities crippled, the federal government had turned to private partners to scale up testing. Flanked by industry leaders and members of the federal task force, Rusckowski told television cameras and print reporters that the companys testing process was underway, adding that the number of tests available to the public will be considerably increased in the next few weeks.

It was. That day, Los Angeles County had reported just eight new coronavirus cases overnight; the following Friday, it reported 64 overnight. The one after that, it was 252. By the end of the month, total detection in the county surpassed 3,000 cases.

But unfortunately for Quest and other private players such as LabCorp the growing capacity to detect cases was only as good as supply lines. And quickly, every step in the process showed strain.

For tens of thousands of Californians to receive a coronavirus test, medical staff needed just as many cotton-tipped swabs the simplest piece and yet the No. 1 issue, said Dr. Clayton Kazan, medical director for the Los Angeles County Fire Department and former coronavirus testing coordinator for the county. A common type, called a flocked swab, is typically produced in Italy and China, where the outbreak had paralyzed manufacturing. More than 125 testing sites in California would later report swabs as their primary testing shortage.

After collection, a swab sample was immediately inserted into a plastic screw-top tube filled with transport medium a solution intended to preserve it on its journey. But the fluid was so scant that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration began endorsing the use of basic saline in its place.

Once it arrived at processing laboratories such as Quest or LabCorp, sample preparation required specific chemicals, known as reagents, to extract genetic material from the swab. Without the reagents, Gov. Gavin Newsom said, the test kits were like printers, but without ink.

But Qiagen, a top supplier, quickly fell behind. Patients in intensive care units waited more than a week for results; some nurses had to tell families that, in the pileup, the commercial labs had lost their relatives samples entirely.

Even on their deathbeds, they had no diagnoses.

Reagent manufacturing looked like having a garden hose on hand to fight a wildfire, said Michael Osterholm, director of the Center for Infectious Disease Research and Policy at the University of Minnesota. The outbreak in Wuhan, China, demanded a full-blown fire hydrant, he added, and the global spread required virtually a canals worth.

And while states such as New York used expanded testing to screen every nursing home patient, California didnt have the means; about half of deaths in California are from these facilities.

The testing regime failure was federal, state and local. We all failed, Kazan said. If we could go back to January, when we saw what was happening in Wuhan, if we had taken that opportunity to scale ourselves up in anticipation, we could have been more prepared than we are now.

By March 25, Quest alone had 160,000 unprocessed tests about half of all the orders it had received.

The scramble

The backlog reached all the way to the office of Dr. Valerie Ng, the lab director at the Alameda Health System who one day in mid-March found herself piling patient samples into her car for a road trip to the state lab in Richmond. Two separate testing infrastructures had failed her. This was Plan C.

Earlier that month, the pileup at Quest had become insufferable; Dr. Ng had redirected samples to Alameda Countys public health lab. But their aging equipment delivered test results by fax; the head of labs at three hospitals and several clinics found herself relegated to watching for the LOW TONER light to illuminate on the printer.

Issues compounded when the lab equipments test results could not be validated. The deluge of specimens came to resemble the accelerating conveyor belt of confections in the classic chocolate factory episode of I Love Lucy, she said. She began chauffeuring them to Richmond.

When the surge came, it came to the lab, she said in an interview. Were swimming as fast as we can.

Meanwhile, at UC Berkeley, molecular biologist Fyodor Urnov formed what he called SEAL Team Six: hand-selected scientists, physicians and students who had constructed a volunteer lab in a matter of weeks to help relieve Quests backlog. They moved heaven and earth to get government certifications and create a highly automated lab that could run as many as 1,000 patient samples a day, he said.

But when Urnov told nearby hospitals he could provide free testing and results in 48 hours, the hospitals declined, saying their electronic records systems were still entangled at Quest and LabCorp. The volunteers were stunned.

We said, What? Are you kidding me? They have a direct link to a testing provider that has failed, Urnov said. Theres institutional inertia.

Silicon Valley steps in

Fred Turner has always been entrepreneurial. By 17, hed built a DNA machine in his bedroom to figure out why his brother was a redhead. At 20, he dropped out of Oxford to launch his first biotech start-up. And this spring, during an afternoon kicking back at his San Francisco flat, friends of the then-24-year-old talked him into upending his life to address a new problem: coronavirus testing.

Thanks to venture capitalists, Turner, within weeks, was in a hotel room in Southern California blasting out job openings for medical technicians, lab workers and programmers. DM if interested! Turner, the new chief executive of the brainchild, Curative, wrote on Twitter.

Staffers slept in sleeping bags between shifts at their new facility: a former NFL/MLB anti-doping laboratory in San Dimas, its glass walls and biosafety cabinets transformed into the most efficient coronavirus testing operation in the region. By late April, patient samples stuffed inside trash bags were arriving by the truckload on the ground floor of the facility, called KorvaLabs.

Each day, some 350 employees stepped into the assembly lines: sterilizing pouches and scanning bar codes, feeding racks of samples to an automated Tecan extraction robot and transferring plates into almost two dozen viral detection machines with a master mix of chemicals that run in tandem almost around the clock.

Industrial engineers used digital time stamps to track the daily workflow of each step, looking for lags. Were back to Henry Ford, said Dr. Jeffrey Klausner, professor of medicine and public health at UCLA, the medical director of the program.

By early May, California had gone from 2,000 to nearly 40,000 tests per day. The Curative-Korva lab was running 10,000 of them.

Back to the future

Dr. Zahns contact tracing team was back in action, and their caseload by late May was surging. Trading their gowns and gloves for phone lines and shared drives, tracers spend their days staring at computer screens glowing with the ever-growing lists of names.

Dont think Russell Crowe in A Beautiful Mind. Dont think Sherlock Holmes, said Zahn. There is no big opera music in the background. Think less glamorous: Excel spreadsheets.

Californias contact tracers librarians, Peace Corps volunteers and others called infected patients and asked for the phone number of each person theyd recently seen, vowing to keep the identity of the positive case concealed. Those contacts were asked about symptoms, and they, too, were requested to isolate at home.

But the challenges were overwhelming. Los Angeles County, after a massive team scale-up, still had only 1,759 contact tracers for more than 10 million residents, and, in the U.S., there was another unique hurdle: enforcement.

Effective methods to force compliance were in use elsewhere: Taiwan monitored quarantined people with digital fencing that sounded an enforcement alarm whenever one of some 50,000 quarantined citizens ventured too far from home. Contact tracers in South Korea and Singapore kept track of infected people through GPS and Bluetooth data.

But none of those options were available in California. Contact tracers lacked authority to insist that infectious individuals avoid exposing others.

I cant imagine an America where we can replicate exactly what they did in Asia, given the fact that we have freedoms and a Constitution, said Dr. Bob Kocher, a venture capital executive and former member of the governors task force on testing.

And the more contact tracers went about their work, the more their effectiveness was entirely dependent on the one thing they still couldnt control: testing.

The shadow of past failures and the legacy of ones still in the making lingered.

For example, L.A. County health officials in early June were still only about three-quarters of the way through testing residents and staff at the nearly 400 skilled nursing facilities. In jails, another hot spot for the virus, staff have reported running out of the rapid test kits used before booking new inmates. In rural towns and inner-city neighborhoods, California is scaling back its testing expansion, citing costs.

And, in a startling dj vu to the outbreaks inception, L.A. County public health officials on Wednesday limited the criteria for testing due to dwindling supplies. The ever-fragile testing infrastructure is once again threatened by shortages of swabs, reagents and, curiously enough, those tiny plastic pipette tips that lab workers had wielded by hand in the Downey lab.

The droppers now work robotically, but the plastic needed to manufacture the tips is shrinking across the globe, experts say. If labs run out of the tiny, crucial components, the entire system could grind to a halt by October, they say.

Without these little plastic tips, Kocher said, testing will break down again.

Times staff writers Melody Petersen, Anita Chabria, Sandhya Kambhampati, Matt Stiles and Sean Greene contributed to this report.

Read more:
How California failed at coronavirus testing from the start - Los Angeles Times

COVID-19 cases continue to rise, and now most people are worried they will get the virus. But with a boosted immune system, contracting that virus is less-likely.

Lonnie Schwirtlich, M.D., Chief Medical Officer and Co-Owner of Physicians Premier, says "the people that come into our facilities, 20-30 percent of them are positive. These people then leave and go out there, theyre accidentally and sometimes - just carelessly, spreading this virus around."

Dr. Schwirtlich believes having a strong immune system will help protect many against the virus.

He says, first you want to protect your immune system from having to work so hard.

"In boosting your immunity, is to try and do everything so that you dont need to use that immunity," he said. "Obviously thats the spacing, staying away from big groups, staying away from closed rooms."

Then, boosting your immunity, begins with daily exercise. Dr. Shwirtlich says getting the heart rate up and warming up the body helps fight off the virus. Not to mention, releases stress and helps with blood sugar.

He says, you must remember to wash and sanitize whenever you touch objects. Especially wash your hands before touching your face or eating food.

Dr. Schwirtlich believes not smoking and vaping will also help tremendously, because then you are not inhaling particles in the air.

He said to also be mindful of alcohol consumption. The more we drink, the less our immune system works.

And he said to take daily vitamins, especially vitamin C and Zinc.

"Zinc actually, if it can get inside the cell, it helps stop replication of the virus," said Schwirtlich. He also states that for some patients who have been exposed or had a positive test, health experts were recommending 1000mg of vitamin C a couple times a day and 50 mg of Zinc per day.

Dr. Schwirtlich also believes using melatonin, tumeric and elderberry can help boost your immunity. He does say that taking vitamins could cause nausea.

With the boost in immunity, he says this could help lower the amount of cases. He believes Corpus Christi has not hit its peak just yet.

"We do need more hospital beds right now, and thats the difficult thing were dealing with. Is trying to be able to keep the number that are crashing and need to go into the hospital down to the point where we can tolerate it and be able to give them the best care possible."

Read more:
Ways to boost your immune system to prevent COVID-19 - KZTV Action 10 News

We need to understand our bodys immune system before washing our hands, maintaining social distance or taking precaution before sneezing. We have our skin, snot (mucus in the nose) microbiome and helpful bugs (gut bacteria) which compete with pathogens for food and space. These, in totality, make antimicrobial products and anti-viral compounds that are quite hostile to deadly viruses, including coronavirus.

If the pathogens move beyond, then the white blood cells attack them. There are others, which we term as vaccine, which confront the germs without our knowledge. This happens when we get immunity, which is the base of vaccination. It bypasses the defence system and protects the body with its own memory system so that we dont fall sick. At times, our immune system might get some blind spots, which means they dont recognise the bugs or the bugs might have evasion strategies. A healthy body and system ensures a good defence system.

Our bodies contain more cells belonging to microbes, such as bacteria and yeasts, termed as microbiome the gut bacteria. We live in a symbiotic relationship with our gut bacteria. Having the right ones around, that we evolved with, is best for our health. If we do anything that alters the ecosystem of these microbiome, its detrimental or bad for our immune system.

Not only do our microbes form protective barriers, they also programme our immune system. Older people, and those with diseases that are characterised by inflammation such as allergies, asthma, rheumatoid arthritis and diabetes tend to have less varied gut microbiomes.

To feed our gut microbiomes, we need more varied diet with lots of high-fibre foods. Being vegetarian isnt a pre-requisite for microbiomes health, but the more plant food one consumes, the better. The gut microbiome likes fibre, pulses and fermented food.

Yoghurt (curd) and pickles are among common fermented delicacies which are coming back to the Indian plates and helping a healthy microbiome. It has to be a continuous process, and not for just a few days or as a fashionable touch. It should be a permanent fixture. We have our own fermented rice pancake (pitha), which has disappeared from the Odisha kitchen.

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Boost Your Immune System To Keep At Bay Deadly Viruses Like The Corona - OdishaBytes

Wait. I can catch Covid twice? my 50-year-old patient asked in disbelief. It was the beginning of July, and he had just tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes Covid-19, for a second time three months after a previous infection.

While theres still much we dont understand about immunity to this new illness, a small but growing number of cases like his suggest the answer is yes.

Covid-19 may also be much worse the second time around. During his first infection, my patient experienced a mild cough and sore throat. His second infection, in contrast, was marked by a high fever, shortness of breath, and hypoxia, resulting in multiple trips to the hospital.

Recent reports and conversations with physician colleagues suggest my patient is not alone. Two patients in New Jersey, for instance, appear to have contracted Covid-19 a second time almost two months after fully recovering from their first infection.

It is possible, but unlikely, that my patient had a single infection that lasted three months. Some Covid-19 patients (now dubbed long haulers) do appear to suffer persistent infections and symptoms.

My patient, however, cleared his infection he had two negative PCR tests after his first infection and felt healthy for nearly six weeks.

I believe it is far more likely that my patient fully recovered from his first infection, then caught Covid-19 a second time after being exposed to a young adult family member with the virus. He was unable to get an antibody test after his first infection, so we do not know whether his immune system mounted an effective antibody response or not.

Regardless, the limited research so far on recovered Covid-19 patients shows that not all patients develop antibodies after infection. Some patients, and particularly those who never develop symptoms, mount an antibody response immediately after infection only to have it wane quickly afterward an issue of increasing scientific concern.

Whats more, repeat infections in a short time period are a feature of many viruses, including other coronaviruses. So if some Covid-19 patients are getting reinfected after a second exposure, it would not be particularly unusual.

In general, the unknowns of immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 currently outweigh the knowns. We do not know how much immunity to expect once someone is infected with the virus, we do not know how long that immunity may last, and we do not know how many antibodies are needed to mount an effective response. And although there is some hope regarding cellular immunity (including T-cell responses) in the absence of a durable antibody response, the early evidence of reinfections puts the effectiveness of these immune responses in question as well.

Also troubling is that my patients case, and others like his, may dim the hope for natural herd immunity. Herd immunity depends on the theory that our immune systems, once exposed to a pathogen, will collectively protect us as a community from reinfection and further spread.

There are several pathways out of this pandemic, including safe, effective, and available therapeutics and vaccines, as well as herd immunity (or some combination thereof).

Experts generally consider natural herd immunity a worst-case scenario back-up plan. It requires mass infection (and, in the case of Covid-19, massive loss of life because of the diseases fatality rate) before protection takes hold. Herd immunity was promoted by experts in Sweden and (early on in the pandemic) in the UK, with devastating results.

Still, the dream of herd immunity, and the protection of a Covid-19 infection, or a positive antibody test, promise to provide, have taken hold among the public. As the collective reasoning has gone, the silver lining of surviving a Covid-19 infection (without debilitating side effects) is twofold: Survivors will not get infected again, nor will they pose a threat of passing the virus to their communities, workplaces, and loved ones.

While recent studies and reports have already questioned our ability to achieve herd immunity, our national discourse retains an implicit hope that herd immunity is possible. In recent weeks, leading medical experts have implied that the current surge in cases might lead to herd immunity by early 2021, and a July 6 opinion piece in the Wall Street Journal was similarly optimistic.

This wishful thinking is harmful. It risks incentivizing bad behavior. The rare but concerning Covid parties, where people are gathering to deliberately get infected with the virus, and large gatherings without masks, are considered by some to be the fastest way out of the pandemic, personally and as a community. Rather than trying to wish ourselves out of scientific realities, we must acknowledge the mounting evidence that challenges these ideas.

In my opinion, my patients experience serves as a warning sign on several fronts.

First, the trajectory of a moderate initial infection followed by a severe reinfection suggests that this novel coronavirus might share some tendencies of other viruses such as dengue fever, where you can suffer more severe illness each time you contract the disease.

Second, despite scientific hopes for either antibody-mediated or cellular immunity, the severity of my patients second bout with Covid-19 suggests that such responses may not be as robust as we hope.

Third, many people may let their guard down after being infected, because they believe they are either immune or incapable of contributing to community spread. As my patients case demonstrates, these assumptions risk both their own health and the health of those near them.

Last, if reinfection is possible on such a short timeline, there are implications for the efficacy and durability of vaccines developed to fight the disease.

I am aware that my patient represents a sample size of one, but taken together with other emerging examples, outlier stories like his are a warning sign of a potential pattern. If my patient is not, in fact, an exception, but instead proves the rule, then many people could catch Covid-19 more than once, and with unpredictable severity.

With no certainty of personal immunity nor relief through herd immunity, the hard work of beating this pandemic together continues. Our efforts must go beyond simply waiting for effective treatments and vaccines. They must include continued prevention through the use of medically proven face masks, face shields, hand washing, and physical distancing, as well as wide-scale testing, tracing, and isolation of new cases.

This is a novel disease: Learning curves are steep, and we must pay attention to the inconvenient truths as they arise. Natural herd immunity is almost certainly beyond our grasp. We cannot place our hopes on it.

D. Clay Ackerly, MD, MSc is an internal medicine and primary care physician practicing in Washington, DC.

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Global Supplements for Immune System market- Report defines the vital growth factors, opportunities and market segment of top players during the forecast period from 2019 to 2025. The report Supplements for Immune System offers a complete market outlook and development rate during the past, present, and the forecast period, with concise study, Supplements for Immune System market effectively defines the market value, volume, price trend, and development opportunities. The comprehensive, versatile and up-to-date information on Supplements for Immune System market is provided in this report.

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GlobalPrecision Medicine SoftwareMarket (COVID-19 Impact) Size, Status and Forecast 2020-2026

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The glow

When it comes to supplements, are we too reliant on these miracle capsules for skin-deep beauty? We look at a 360-degree approach instead.

Over the years of curating our routines and discovering hero products that deliver exactly what we need, one thing we all have come to realise is that beauty isnt only skin-deep. There has been an evolution of products on the market that promise to nourish our complexion, and they are not just the formulas you apply on the surface. Many well-known brands have extended their skincare lines beyond topical products by introducing supplements that help tackle concerns from the inside. See it as a 360-degree approach to your daily routine.

The glow heroes:C.E.O. Glow Vitamin C + Turmeric Face Oil Dhs155 Sunday Riley at Sephora; Charlottes Magic Serum Crystal Elixir Dhs285 Charlotte Tilbury

Some specialists believe that topical products only address around 20 per cent of skin issues, which naturally forces us to look to supplements as well as personal habits. Skin is the largest organ of our body. It is meant to protect us, but it is also a mirror a mirror that reflects our health and the faults in the body, Zuzana Hrdinova, a Lifestyle Consultant and Health Coach, explains.

Despite the nutritional supplement market being a multi-billion-dollar industry, the data to support the use of most of these products is poor. There is very little evidence that any supplement or a multivitamin can reverse the course of a disease or play a role in our skin health, she adds.

Shirley DSouza, a Certified Ketogenic & Primal living coach, agrees that there are a lot of decoy supplements out there in the market, especially when claiming a whole list of benefits, but does believe some supplements can be beneficial in replenishing the nutrients that are lost through the agricultural process.

The glow heroes:Integrative Beauty Dhs300 SkinFusion; Skin Food + Prebiotic Dhs184 The Nue Co. at net-a-porter.com

Supplements may be useful for people who are unable to get adequate nutrition from diet alone, adds health coach, Sheetal Ramchandani. For example, it is recommended that vegans take a supplement of vitamin B12 since it isnt adequately available in plant foods and some specific conditions, like gastrointestinal issues that can affect nutrient absorption, call for more than high nutrition and require extra support that supplements can provide.

Zinc is one of the widely recommended supplements that support the immune system, while Omega 3 repairs the skin barrier. Iron can also be extremely beneficial, especially for those prone to eczema or psoriasis. But like with anything, seeking professional advice is the best way for you to know for sure that what you are taking is beneficial, as Hrdinova points out: If you take calcium, magnesium or zinc, but you are deficient in Vitamin D, you will not be absorbing those minerals and hence you will not see any results.

Vitamin C and E are emerging as skincare heroes among the beauty insiders as they are seen as powerful antioxidants. Collagen supplements are also on the rise. As we age, we produce less collagen that results in wrinkles and loss of skin elasticity. It is still hard to judge whether the collagen you ingest will have the same properties when it reaches your skin as the digestion process breaks it down, so perhaps its more beneficial to look at products that encourage collagen production. Chicken soup, for example, is rich in amino acids which encourages our bodies to produce collagen. One big change I would add to a diet is bone broth chicken or beef which is full of collagen but more importantly full of electrolytes and has properties that help, our gut health a lot more. Our gut health is important as it is our main communication to the brain, hormones and nerves, DSouza reveals.

The glow heroes:Skinesis Stem Cell Collagen Activator Dhs685 Sarah Chapman at Harvey Nichols Dubai; Super Seed Supplement Dhs162 Votary

It appears that all of our supplement trails lead us back to something we can easily change our diet. There are certain nutrients that help us to get the look of glowing, healthier skin and slow down the ageing process, Hrdinova explains. Essentials are vitamin C, E, A, antioxidants, essential fatty acids, copper, zinc, selenium, but also vitamin B and iron. All these nutrients are available in a balanced diet. My advice for anybody who wants to have smoother and clearer complexion and glossy, silky hair is to eat healthy food including lots of fruit and vegetables, drink sufficient water, exercise frequently, get out in the fresh air, get proper rest and learn to manage your stress levels.

DSouza also champions a healthy lifestyle, promoting a balanced diet and cutting down on junk food. Cucumber and kale added to our diet has properties of naturally hydrating our skin, the nutrient silica is a trace mineral found in high levels inside cucumbers, she explains. Silica contributes to the growth and maintenance of connective tissue throughout your body.

We need to limit eating things in plastic or packets with long shelf life and eat more natural basic ingredients, she continues. If you cannot pronounce the additive or do not know the added preservative do not eat it.

Hrdinova echoes this saying, Excessive consumption of refined sugars and artificial sweetener and trans fats (fried food) can cause inflammation which may lead to a breakdown in collagen and elastin and have a negative impact on the skins strength and elasticity. Too much of caffeine from coffee or energy drinks have an impact on the hormonal levels in our body and may lead to breakouts of acne.

The only additional supplement DSouza would add for a glowing complexion is a probiotic at least with a minimum of 1 billion colony forming units and containing either genus Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium or Saccharomyces boulardii.

Looking at the busy skincare industry promising a miracle solution with every new launch, it is easy to become overwhelmed at the options that are before you. The bottom line, take a closer look at your diet, seek advice if you want to introduce supplements, and continue to enhance your skincare routine. A glowing and healthy complexion requires attention from all angles, especially if you want to achieve long-lasting results.

Images: Supplied

Read more:
A 360-degree approach to getting the perfect glowy skin this summer - Emirates Woman

A recent stem cell study has shown that SARS-CoV-2, the novel coronavirus, can infect heart cells via the same receptor present in the lungs. This may be responsible for the cardiac complications associated with COVID-19.

Experts initially thought that COVID-19 was a respiratory disease, with symptoms including cough, shortness of breath, and pneumonia. However, more recent evidence into COVID-19 shows that the disease can also cause neurological and cardiac symptoms.

Physicians have reported changes to the circulatory system in people with COVID-19, sometimes leading to blood clots, as well as cardiac complications, such as changes to the heart rhythm, damage to heart tissue, and heart attacks.

Although there is widespread agreement that COVID-19 is a risk to the heart, whether these symptoms are due to the virus directly or a consequence of other disease processes, such as inflammation, has been unclear.

Stay informed with live updates on the current COVID-19 outbreak and visit our coronavirus hub for more advice on prevention and treatment.

In a new study appearing in the journal Cell Reports Medicine, scientists have helped resolve this mystery by showing that SARS-CoV-2 can infect heart cells and change their function.

Their findings, from experiments in human stem cells, suggest that the cardiac symptoms of COVID-19 may be the direct result of the infection of heart tissue.

The scientists used a type of stem cell called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to generate heart cells.

Scientists can create iPSCs from a persons skin cells and then reprogram them to become any cell type in the body. They provide a useful tool for research into human disease and a way to test new treatments.

In this study, the team programmed the iPSCs to become heart cells and later incubated them with SARS-CoV-2. Using microscopes and genetic sequencing techniques, the researchers found that SARS-CoV-2 could directly infect the heart cells.

They also showed that the virus can rapidly divide inside heart cells, which caused changes to the hearts ability to beat after a period of under 3 days.

We not only uncovered that these stem cell-derived heart cells are susceptible to infection by [the] novel coronavirus, but that the virus can also quickly divide within the heart muscle cells, explains first study author Dr. Arun Sharma, a research fellow at the Regenerative Medicine Institute of Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles, CA.

Additional experiments focused on the different genes expressed by heart cells before and after the virus infected them. These studies showed activation of the innate immune response and antiviral clearance pathways to help fight the virus.

However, how does the virus get into the heart in the first place? The researchers suggest that one way in which it gains access may be by using angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). This is the same receptor the virus uses to infect cells in the lungs.

Importantly, studies have shown that treatment with an ACE2 antibody can help stop SARS-CoV-2 from replicating and save cells in the heart.

By blocking the ACE2 protein with an antibody, the virus is not as easily able to bind to the ACE2 protein, and thus cannot easily enter the cell. This not only helps us understand the mechanisms of how this virus functions, but also suggests therapeutic approaches that could be used as a potential treatment for SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Dr. Arun Sharma

The researchers suggest that scientists could use stem cell-derived heart cells to screen new drugs and find compounds able to stop the infection of heart cells.

This key experimental system could be useful to understand the differences in disease processes of related coronaviral pathogens SARS and MERS, adds study author Dr. Vaithilingaraja Arumugaswami, an associate professor at the University of California, Los Angeles.

There are some limitations to this approach, however. These include the fact that stem cell-derived heart cells are not exactly the same as the real thing.

The researchers also studied the cells in a dish, an isolated system lacking the immune interactions that would occur in the human body.

Nevertheless, the experiments clearly showed that the cells became infected with SARS-CoV-2, which is in line with some clinical data showing the virus in the hearts of people who died from COVID-19.

For live updates on the latest developments regarding the novel coronavirus and COVID-19, click here.

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COVID-19 could directly affect the heart - Medical News Today

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Billions of animals are killed for food every year. In fact the total number slaughtered every two years exceeds the number of people that have ever lived.

Whether youre a keen meat eater or not, theres no ignoring that its production consumes a huge amount of natural resources:15,000 litres of water to produce a single kilogram of beef.

Many studies highlight the health benefits of reducing meat consumption too. A report published in the JAMA Internal Medicine found that eatingtwo servings of red meat, processed meat or poultry a weekwas linked to a 3-7% higher risk of cardiovascular disease.

Growing alternatives

Its no surprise, then, that theres a growing amount of interest in meat alternatives.

A start-up firm in Israel, Redefine Meat, is using industrial-scale 3D-printing to produce a plant-based alt-steak that it says has a structure and texture similar to that of the real thing.

Eshchar Ben-Shitrit, the companys chief executive and co-founder, told Reuters: We can do the entire cow, not only one part of the cow.

In 2019, his firm raised $6 million in funding an indication of how seriously the non-meat meat market is being taken. According to a report in Vox,demand for meat alternatives in the US leapt by 264%while the coronavirus pandemic was raging. Redefine Meat says it expects the category to beworth $140 billion annually by 2030.

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Heres to your health

Eating too much meat red meat in particular has been associated with a range of health problems for decades includingheart diseaseand some forms of cancer. It has beenlinked with obesitytoo.In the US, over 70% of people are overweight or obese.

In China, meat consumption has grown as economic development has ushered in a series of societal changes. Rapid urbanization and the adoption of so-called Western lifestyle habits, like eating more fast food and meat in general, are two of the more visible examples. Under the surface, there are signs peoples health is starting to suffer.

A McKinsey report from 2019 sums it up by saying: Alas, as incomes have grown, so too have waistlines.Diets high in protein and fat have taken hold in China, leading to a 10% urban-area obesity rate projected to increase to 25% by 2030 if left unchecked. Obesity is already costing the country more than $93 billion annually, or 1.1% of GDP.

Meatless meatballs, burgers, sausages and more have been available in supermarkets around the world for decades. They tend to contain things like soy, rice, peas and other vegetables.

The challenge for such products has tended to be that no matter how they taste, their texture doesnt resemble meat. Thats something the use of 3D-printing technology could overcome, as it creates layers of interwoven fibres that more closely mimic the real thing.

In 2013, meanwhile, a food scientist in the Netherlands hit upon a different approach. Mark Post of the University of Maastricht unveileda burger grown in a laboratory from cattle stem cells and muscle tissue. At a biochemical level, his burger is made from the same stuff as a regular burger meat tissues.

But it didnt come from an animal. Technically it isnt the flesh and muscle fibre of any cow. Whether or not that means it is meat may be a question for philosophers to ponder.

A route forward

As well as consuming resources, the meat industry generated considerable amounts of greenhouse gas emissions. Compared with the production of a regular meat burger,plant-based alternatives use up to 99% less water, 95% less land, and 90% less emissions, according to the United Nations.

None of which gets us away from the rising global demand for meat. But there are short- and long-term changes that will help address some of these concerns. The UN cites a study undertaken by the University of Michigan, on behalf of the meat-substitute producer Beyond Meat. It suggests that Americans eat, on average, three burgers per week but could save the amount of greenhouse gas emissions produced by 12 million cars, simply by swapping one of those weekly meals with a plant-based alternative.

The UNs Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) suggests a series ofchanges in consumers attitude and behaviour will be requiredto secure a more sustainable global food supply. These include raising awareness among the general public of the importance of tackling food waste: around the worldone-third of all food produced ends up in the garbage.

The FAO also calls for a rebalancing of food prices to reflect the total cost of food production and supply. That includes the loss of biodiversity from land-clearance, emissions and pollution, and the consumption of water. And it suggests a reduction in per-capita meat consumption in affluent countries.

This article was first published in World Economic Forum.

Also read: Nagaland bans sale of dog meat after incidents of pets being shot at sight spark outrage

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Meat-lover who wants to save the planet? 3D printed steaks are your solution - ThePrint

Oral Hull volunteers, staff, clients socialize via Zoom during time of isolation

Navigating low-vision or blindness is no easy task. But add to that the inability to tell if you're six feet away from someone during a global pandemic, and life becomes even more difficult.

Though finances at Oral Hull Foundation for the Blind and Low-vision are down from normal, the mission for staff and volunteers remains the same: to create a better quality of life for those unable to experince things visually.

To keep that endeavor alive while apart from the people they serve, Executive Director Sharon Elder and Oral Hull staff members are offering Zoom gatherings to encourage socialization for those in the visually impaired community.

"This crisis has had a toll on the blind community," Elder said. "It's horribly demoralizing."

As part of the distanced socialization experience, Elder and staff have been hosting a virtual walk across America. During this project they encourage participants to be active by taking a guided nature hike or doing housework and log their mileage with the staff. Then, every day, the staff count up the miles and let those participating know how far across the country they've walked and some fun facts and fictional stories about the places they've stopped for the day. The starting point was Lincoln City, Oregon, and the group will end their trek in Cape Cod, Massachusetts.

"They are loving it," Elder said of the project thus far. On Thursday, June 25, the group was on day 51 of the walk and had made it to Iowa. The day before the group walked a collective 99.3 miles.

"They're having a ball and they're moving," Elder said.

Aside from the walk across America, Oral Hull staff are also offering Braille classes via Zoom. Those interested in participating can contact the office at 503-668-6195.

Those in need of assistive equipment can also call Oral Hull to set up an appointment for pick up.

As usual, and especially now due to losses in revenue from rentals, Oral Hull is welcoming donations from the community. Every dollar helps.

You can call the office, mail a check made out to the Oral Hull Foundation to P.O. Box 157, Sandy, Oregon, 97055, or make a donation online at oralhull.org.

Give back, win a prize

To try and combat the loss in income, Oral Hull's staff is hosting an online raffle with three large prizes. The drawing will take place at 10 a.m. Friday, July 31. Winners will be notified by phone.

Payment for tickets should be made on the foundation's online donations page at hullparkfortheblind.org. For more information on entering the raffle, visit bit.ly/OralHullRaffle.

Prizes range from an $800 Visa gift card to a rental of the pool at the Oral Hull Park for up to 15 people.

Tickets are $10 each, three for $25, or eight for $50. Only 500 tickets will be sold. For more information about prizes, visit bit.ly/HullRafflePrizes.

Donations of any amount are always welcome.

For those unable to give financially, Oral Hull also needs people to help maintain the grounds and the Garden of Enchantment.

If you have questions about the raffle or helping at Oral Hull Park, call 503-668-6195.

You count on us to stay informed and we depend on you to fund our efforts.Quality local journalism takes time and money. Please support us to protect the future of community journalism.

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Foundation for the blind offers virtual community, resources - Pamplin Media Group

On our wedding day

Once Pete was out of the rehab centre, he took me for dinner in the city, and a kind waiter read us the menu.

Soon, friendship blossomed into love.

Our connection felt so genuine none of it was based on looks; it was about our energy and personalities. Pete was always making me chuckle with silly jokes, so I knew he was the one for me.

As hed had vision in the past, he would tell me about things I never knew.

When youre speaking to someone, its important to look at them. It lets them know youre interested in what theyre saying, he said.

After four years together, Pete and I got married.

Moving in together, we put braille labels on things to help us out.

My confidence definitely encouraged him, but Petes determined attitude meant he usually wanted to work things out for himself.

Living without vision had its challenges, though.

One time, I got home to Pete boiling some cabbage for dinner. But instead of salt, hed poured powdered Ajax all over it!

Eventually, Pete got his first guide dog, Jasper, who made such a big difference. Our ambassador, he helped us socialise and led us through life.

Wanting to help others, we set up a charity, travelling the world and supporting blind kids from disadvantaged areas.

David, Winsome, Pete and me

We also went on to have our own children, Winsome and David. Id often put the kids on a rein and attach them to me, so I knew where they were.

My sister-in-law, Jenny, guided me through things such as changing nappies and feeding, so that I could gradually do it alone.

I would sometimes get covered in the kids mess though!

At bedtime, instead of reading books to them, Pete would make up incredible stories.

We also had a regular support worker, and I joined a blind mothers club, where I learned a lot.

To clear up after the kids, I was taught to shut them out of the room and feel around, putting any toys in a big bag.

When I dressed them, Id work out what colour an item was by feeling the texture.

Sometimes, Im sure their socks were mismatched!

As they got older, our golden rule was that if we called their name, they had to answer immediately so we knew where they were.

Over the years, I wished I could see their faces change.

When they brought home schoolwork, Winsome and David would take our fingers and carefully trace over their words or drawings.

They helped me at the supermarket too, but sometimes theyd take full advantage of my low vision.

Do you really need all of those lunch wraps? a checkout lady asked one day.

Id asked Winsome to grab a pack and she cheekily piled about 50 into the trolley!

Pete, Kobie, Gracie and me

Pete, Kobie, Gracie and me

Winsome, now 52, and David, 50, have both gone on to have their own children.

How did you both do it? Winsome often says in awe.

Pete and I both have a guide dog I have Gracie, and Kobie is Petes. Theyre smart animals and make a big impact on our lives. If I lose Pete in the supermarket, Ill say to Gracie, Find Pete, find Kobie, and shell work her way around the store until she finds them.

Gracie and Kobie enable us to experience so much; simple things like going for a coffee or enjoying a walk.

Pete and I have been married for 55 years now.

Like any marriage, weve had our ups and downs.

Pete sometimes quips, Love is blind, but marriage is an eye opener!

But we both know we are so lucky to have each other were kindred spirits.

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Love is blind - meet the Aussie couple who have been married for 55 years - That's Life!

Vijay Mohan

Tribune News Service

Chandigarh, July 12

Scientists from the Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Mohali, have formulated nano-particles with a zinc-based compound that will help reduce the severity of rheumatoid arthritis.

The particles contain chitosan and zinc gluconate. Zinc is vital for maintaining normal bone homeostasis and its levels are reported to get reduced in rheumatoid arthritis patients. It is also known that oral supplementation of zinc in the form of zinc gluconate has very low bioavailability in humans.

Chitosan is a biocompatible, biodegradable natural polysaccharide (a carbohydrate whose molecules consist of a number of sugar molecules bonded together). It is one of the most abundant biopolymers obtained from the exoskeleton of crustaceans (crab, lobster, shrimp, etc) have shown absorption promoting characteristics.

The INST team particularly chose chitosan as it is biodegradable, biocompatible, non-toxic, and muco-adhesive in nature. A previously published report in the journal Magnesium Research exhibited that after intraperitoneal administration in rats, zinc oxide in standard form resulted in a slight increase in serum zinc level, whereas that in nano form resulted in significantly high serum zinc levels, thus increasing the zinc bioavailability. This motivated the INST team to develop the nanoformulation of zinc gluconate.

They prepared Zinc gluconate loaded chitosan nanoparticles using chitosan and sodium tripolyphosphate in double-distilled water and zinc gluconate was simultaneously added along with the synthesis of chitosan nanoparticles. These were characterised for various physicochemical properties and then anti-arthritic potential was investigated against collagen-induced arthritis in rats.

They observed that the treatment of rats with both zinc gluconate and zinc gluconate loaded chitosan nanoparticles reduced the severity of arthritis by reducing joint swelling, erythema, and edema.

The team assessed various parameters like biochemical analysis, histological observations, and immunohistochemical expression of inflammatory markers and suggested that zinc gluconate-loaded chitosan nanoparticles exerted superior therapeutic effects compared to the free form of zinc gluconate. This was attributed to the inflammatory potential of zinc gluconate-loaded chitosan nanoparticles.

Nanobiotechnology provides several effective solutions for the problems that traditional pharmaceutical formulations are often not able to address as effectively, such as sustained and targeted release of drugs, bioavailability, and efficacy of drugs and nutraceuticals, etc. The nanoformulation of zinc gluconate-loaded chitosan nanoparticles developed at INST Mohali is a creative example of a superior therapeutics for rheumatoid arthritis, said Prof Ashutosh Sharma, Secretary, Department of Science and Technology.

In the recent past, ionic gelation method has been widely employed for formulating chitosan nanoparticles, which may contain various medicinally active pharmacological agents.

Read the original here:
Mohali institute scientists formulate nanoparticle to reduce severity of rheumatoid arthritis - The Tribune India

In 2025, the market size of the Rheumatoid Arthritis Diagnosis Tests Market is expected to touch million US$ xx million. The revenue registered in 2018 was US$ xx million, thus depicting a growth at a CAGR of xx% from 2018. While in China, the market size was valued at US$ xx million in the forecast base year, further projected to increase up to US$ xx million till the end of 2025, with a CAGR of xx% during forecast period.

In this report, 2018 has been considered as the base year and 2018 to 2025 as the forecast period to estimate the market size for Rheumatoid Arthritis Diagnosis Tests .

This report studies the global market size of Rheumatoid Arthritis Diagnosis Tests , especially focusing on the key regions such as United States, European Union, China, and other geographical extents (Japan, Korea, India, and Southeast Asia).

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This study presents the Rheumatoid Arthritis Diagnosis Tests market production, revenue, market share, and growth rate for each key company, and also covers the breakdown data (production, consumption, revenue and market share) by regions, type and applications. The historical data breakdown for Rheumatoid Arthritis Diagnosis Tests for 2014-2018 is provided in the report along with company projection for 2018 to 2025.

For top companies in United States, European Union, and China, this report investigates and analyzes the production, value, price, market share, and growth rate for the manufacturers, key data from 2018 to 2025.

segmented as follows:

This report covers the global rheumatoid arthritis diagnosis tests market performance in terms of revenue contribution from various segments. This section also includes PMR analysis of key trends, drivers, restraints, and opportunities, which are influencing the growth of the global rheumatoid arthritis diagnosis tests market.

The global rheumatoid arthritis diagnosis tests market report begins with an overview of the global rheumatoid arthritis diagnosis tests market. This section also underlines factors influencing growth of the global rheumatoid arthritis diagnosis tests market along with detailing of the key trends, drivers, restraints, opportunity and regulations. Impact analysis of key regional growth drivers and restraints based on the weighted average model along with key region-specific trends is included in report to better equip clients with information and hidden insights.

The global rheumatoid arthritis diagnosis tests market is segmented on the basis of test type, end user and region. By test type, the global rheumatoid arthritis diagnosis tests market is segmented into serology test and monitoring RA treatment efficiency monitoring tests. Serology test segment is further sub-segmented into erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), rheumatoid factor (RF), anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP), antinuclear antibody (ANA), uric acid test, and other tests. RA treatment efficiency monitoring tests segment is further sub-segmented into Salicylate Level Count, Muscle Enzyme Tests (CPK, Aldolase), and Creatinine Test. A detailed analysis has been provided for every segment in terms of market size, Y-o-Y growth rate, absolute $ opportunity, market attractive index.

By end user, the global rheumatoid arthritis diagnosis tests market is segmented into hospital, diagnostic laboratories, and ambulatory surgical centers. Diagnostic laboratory segment is further sub-segmented into private laboratories and public laboratories. The next section of the report highlights the growth trends of the rheumatoid arthritis diagnosis tests market by region. It provides a market outlook for 20122027 and sets the forecast within the context of the rheumatoid arthritis diagnosis tests market. The study discusses key regional trends contributing to growth of the rheumatoid arthritis diagnosis tests market worldwide, as well as analyses the extent to which drivers are influencing this market in each region. Key regions assessed in this report include North America, Latin America, Europe, Asia Pacific and MEA. APAC region is expected to emerge dominant and most attractive over the forecast period.

The above sections test type, end user and region evaluate the present scenario and growth prospects of the rheumatoid arthritis diagnosis tests market for the period 20122027. We have considered 2016 as the base year and provided data for the forecast period.

The final chapter in the report covers analysis on key competitors involved in this market. Detailed company profiles include company-specific long-term and short-term strategies, key offerings and recent developments in the rheumatoid arthritis diagnosis tests market.

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The content of the study subjects, includes a total of 15 chapters:

Chapter 1 describes Rheumatoid Arthritis Diagnosis Tests product/service scope, market overview, market opportunities, market driving force, and market risks.

Chapter 2 profiles the top manufacturers of Rheumatoid Arthritis Diagnosis Tests market, with price, sales, revenue and global market share of Rheumatoid Arthritis Diagnosis Tests from 2014 2018.

Chapter 3 analyses the Rheumatoid Arthritis Diagnosis Tests competitive situation, sales, revenue. The global Rheumatoid Arthritis Diagnosis Tests market shares of top manufacturers are analyzed emphatically by landscape contrast.

Chapter 4 showcases the Rheumatoid Arthritis Diagnosis Tests breakdown data at the regional level, to discuss the sales, revenue and growth by regions, from 2014 to 2018.

Chapter 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 emphasize the sales data at the country level, with sales, revenue, and market share for key countries in the world, from 2014 to 2018.

Chapter 10 and 11 explain the segments by sales under type and application, with market shares and growth rate under each category, from 2014 to 2018.

Chapter 12 depicts Rheumatoid Arthritis Diagnosis Tests market forecasts by region, type, and application, with sales and revenue projections, from 2018 to 2025.

Chapter 13 and 14 describe Rheumatoid Arthritis Diagnosis Tests sales channel, distributors, customers, research findings and conclusion, appendix, and other data sources.

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Original post:
Rheumatoid Arthritis Diagnosis Tests Market Overview, Growth Opportunities, Industry Analysis, Size, Strategies and Forecast to 2026 - 3rd Watch News

Due to the pandemic, we have included a special section on the Impact of COVID 19 on the Seropositive Rheumatoid Arthritis DrugMarket which would mention How the Covid-19 is Affecting the Industry, Market Trends and Potential Opportunities in the COVID-19 Landscape, Key Regions and Proposal for Seropositive Rheumatoid Arthritis Drug Market Players to battle Covid-19 Impact.

The Seropositive Rheumatoid Arthritis DrugMarket report is one of the most comprehensive and important data about business strategies, qualitative and quantitative analysis of Global Market. The research report gives the potential headway openings that prevails in the global market. It offers detailed research and analysis of key aspects of the Seropositive Rheumatoid Arthritis Drug market. The market analysts authoring this report have provided in-depth information on leading growth drivers, restraints, challenges, trends, and opportunities to offer a complete analysis of the Seropositive Rheumatoid Arthritis Drug market. Moreover, the report gives nitty gritty data on different manufacturers, region, and products which are important to totally understanding the market.

Key Companies/Manufacturers operating in the global Seropositive Rheumatoid Arthritis Drug market include:Abbott Laboratories (U.S.), Johnson & Johnson Limited (U.S.), Novartis AG (Switzerland), Pfizer, Inc. (U.S.), Eli Lilly and Company (U.S.), AbbVie Inc. (U.S.), Bristol-Myers Squibb Company (U.S.), F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. (Switzerland), Amgen (U.S.), Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated (U.S), Sanofi-Aventis (France), AstraZeneca (U.K), Cadila Healthcare Ltd. (India), GlaxoSmithKline Inc. (U.S.), Merck and Co. Inc. (U.S.) and More

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Our Complimentary Sample Seropositive Rheumatoid Arthritis Drug market Report Accommodate a Brief Introduction of the research report, TOC, List of Tables and Figures, Competitive Landscape and Geographic Segmentation, Innovation and Future Developments Based on Research Methodology.

Each region is exhaustively researched about so that players can use the analysis to tap into unexplored markets and plan powerful strategies to gain a foothold in lucrative markets. The regional analysis section of the report offers a extensive analysis of the global Seropositive Rheumatoid Arthritis Drug market on the basis of region. The global Seropositive Rheumatoid Arthritis Drug market will showcase a steadyCAGR in the forecast year 2020 to 2025.

Type Segmentation:NsaidDmardsBiologics

Industry Segmentation:MedicineScientific Research

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Regions Covered in the Global Seropositive Rheumatoid Arthritis Drug Market: The Middle East and Africa (GCC Countries and Egypt) North America (the United States, Mexico, and Canada) South America (Brazil etc.) Europe (Turkey, Germany, Russia UK, Italy, France, etc.) Asia-Pacific (Vietnam, China, Malaysia, Japan, Philippines, Korea, Thailand, India, Indonesia, and Australia)

Years Considered to Estimate the Seropositive Rheumatoid Arthritis Drug Market Size:History Year: 2015-2019Base Year: 2019Estimated Year: 2020Forecast Year: 2020-2025

Key questions answered in the report:

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Seropositive Rheumatoid Arthritis Drug Market 2025 Expected to reach Highest CAGR including major key players Abbott Laboratories (US), Johnson &...

Due to the pandemic, we have included a special section on the Impact of COVID 19 on the Rheumatoid Arthritis TherapeuticsMarket which would mention How the Covid-19 is Affecting the Industry, Market Trends and Potential Opportunities in the COVID-19 Landscape, Key Regions and Proposal for Rheumatoid Arthritis Therapeutics Market Players to battle Covid-19 Impact.

The Rheumatoid Arthritis TherapeuticsMarket report is one of the most comprehensive and important data about business strategies, qualitative and quantitative analysis of Global Market. The research report gives the potential headway openings that prevails in the global market. It offers detailed research and analysis of key aspects of the Rheumatoid Arthritis Therapeutics market. The market analysts authoring this report have provided in-depth information on leading growth drivers, restraints, challenges, trends, and opportunities to offer a complete analysis of the Rheumatoid Arthritis Therapeutics market. Moreover, the report gives nitty gritty data on different manufacturers, region, and products which are important to totally understanding the market.

Key Companies/Manufacturers operating in the global Rheumatoid Arthritis Therapeutics market include:AbbVie, Boehringer Ingelheim, Novartis, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Pfizer, Bristol-Myers Squibb, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, UCB S.A., Johnson & Johnson Services, Amgen and More

Get PDF Sample Report With Full TOC, List of Tables & Figures, Chart @ https://www.marketinforeports.com/Market-Reports/Request-Sample/109865

Our Complimentary Sample Rheumatoid Arthritis Therapeutics market Report Accommodate a Brief Introduction of the research report, TOC, List of Tables and Figures, Competitive Landscape and Geographic Segmentation, Innovation and Future Developments Based on Research Methodology.

Each region is exhaustively researched about so that players can use the analysis to tap into unexplored markets and plan powerful strategies to gain a foothold in lucrative markets. The regional analysis section of the report offers a extensive analysis of the global Rheumatoid Arthritis Therapeutics market on the basis of region. The global Rheumatoid Arthritis Therapeutics market will showcase a steadyCAGR in the forecast year 2020 to 2025.

Type Segmentation:PharmaceuticalsBiopharmaceuticals

Industry Segmentation:PrescriptionOver-the-Counter (OTC)

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Regions Covered in the Global Rheumatoid Arthritis Therapeutics Market: The Middle East and Africa (GCC Countries and Egypt) North America (the United States, Mexico, and Canada) South America (Brazil etc.) Europe (Turkey, Germany, Russia UK, Italy, France, etc.) Asia-Pacific (Vietnam, China, Malaysia, Japan, Philippines, Korea, Thailand, India, Indonesia, and Australia)

Years Considered to Estimate the Rheumatoid Arthritis Therapeutics Market Size:History Year: 2015-2019Base Year: 2019Estimated Year: 2020Forecast Year: 2020-2025

Key questions answered in the report:

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COVID-19 Update: Global Rheumatoid Arthritis Therapeutics Market is Expected to Grow at a Healthy CAGR with top players AbbVie, Boehringer Ingelheim,...

We are afforded opportunities daily to be gracious and merciful. It is a superpower to be embraced: the ability to treat someone who offended you with compassion; choosing to be kind and forgiving.

Matthew 5:9, the Messiah declares, Blessed are the peacemakers, for they shall be called the sons of God.

Yet, how does this impact the exchange when the store clerk gives you a hard time with a return; when that car in front of you turns abruptly without signaling; or when a friend betrays your confidence and shares your personal matters with others.

We are afforded opportunities daily to be gracious and merciful. It is a superpower to be embraced: the ability to treat someone who offended you with compassion; choosing to be kind and forgiving. We must resist the knee-jerk reaction to respond in anger as the quick go-to emotion. We are called to seek peace over confusion.

Notice Jesus did not say blessed are the peacekeepers! A peacekeeper seeks to sustain peace by evading conflict and would usually attempt to steer clear of different positions to keep others content. A peacemaker is someone committed to resolving inner and outer chaos in order to establish peace with others and within themselves.

One can be a peacemaker even in protesting seeking to make every effort to keep the unity of the Spirit through the bond of peace. (Ephesians 4:3)

Jesus was a peacemaker but notice: He never avoided conflict. By His example, we can speak truth to power with appropriate passion and constraint. In fact, peacemaking is grace and mercy in action. A peacekeeper may have false illusions that everything is fine because of the absence of tension and conflict. However, that does not mean all is well. Neuropathy is a medical condition that can be masked by numbness; likewise one can be spiritually numb to the challenges among them.

A friend, Candys Mayo, shared Learn the difference between a leader and an instigator. Leaders deposit into the community that they serve, they spread a positive and encouraging message. They might even call you out on something you have done, but they do so privately and in a way that teaches and doesn't degrade. Thats agitation which is different from instigation. An instigator casts judgment, spreads rumors, negativity and withdraws energy from everyone else because they truly lack value, substance and creativity. They have to withdraw from others to cover up their own insecurities. Be a leader. Teach, don't tear down.

Michael Jacksons Man in the Mirror, with socially- conscious infused lyrics, If you want to make the world a better place, take a look at yourself and make a change!

You and I must foster environments of reconciliation where persons beyond race, gender, sexual orientation and faith can have civil, candid and courageous conversations about real differences as well as real agreements with the goal of establishing genuine relationships.

Who would disagree that our civil life is diminishing, especially in the political arena? When did it become standard for political discourse to turn into venomous and vitriol rancor? Who decided that insults are more potent than ideas? Hatred and discrimination should have no place in a civil society. Please realize this message is not meant to target any one individual as much as sharing a hope that we reject every act which demeans and derides others.

Can I make a personal pitch for civility? Let's agree to pledge to be more positive and polite while also having the willingness to confront offensive words with corrective action. Silence about incivility is not golden. Samuel Johnson, a philosopher once said When the forms of civility are violated, there remains little hope of a return to kindness or decency."

Understand, God is not going to hold others responsible for your decisions or responses to their actions. I often reflect upon the message was found written on the wall in Mother Teresa's home for children in Calcutta:

People are often unreasonable, irrational, and self-centered. Forgive them anyway.If you are kind, people may accuse you of selfish, ulterior motives. Be kind anyway.If you are successful, you will win some unfaithful friends and some genuine enemies. Succeed anyway.If you are honest and sincere people may deceive you. Be honest and sincere anyway.What you spend years creating, others could destroy overnight. Create anyway.If you find serenity and happiness, some may be jealous. Be happy anyway.The good you do today, will often be forgotten. Do good anyway.Give the best you have, and it will never be enough. Give your best anyway.In the final analysis, it is between you and God. It was never between you and them anyway.

Matthew 5: 43-44 reflects that People say love your neighbor and hate your enemy but I tell you to love your enemies and pray for anyone who mistreats you. Stop focusing on those you perceive are against you. In fact, loving your neighbor is easy-peasy! Its loving and praying for those who dislike you that is the real exercise. In many ways, treat your friend and your enemies with equal compassion, love and concern. After all, that's how God operates.

Notice its not about your feelings. Nor, should you feel good about having an enemy. However, it is always a decision of your will to respond proactively instead of reactively. Continuing this behavior as part of your lifestyle may ultimately result in that enemy becoming a friend.

Bishop Timothy J. Clarke First Church of God in Columbus references Psalms 23:5 to assert The Lord prepares a table before me in the presence of my enemies. Stop looking at your enemies and start focusing on your table. My table has love, mercy, provision, peace blessing! Why should I focus on my enemies where there is so much on my table?

So you dont have to force a smile or mutter softly as not to be heard to keep the peace. Own them but dont keep them! Those feelings when given the One full of grace is bright enough to melt in the light of His mercy as you endure and keep the faith.

Rev. Lewis W. Macklin II is the lead pastor of Holy Trinity Missionary Baptist Church, chaplain for the Youngstown Police Department and coordinator of the Mahoning Valley African American Male Wellness Walk. He resides in Youngstown with Dorothy, his partner in marriage and ministry. They share the love and joy of 5 children and 6 grandchildren.

All biblical references cited are New International Version unless otherwise noted.

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KEEPING THE FAITH | Even when it's hard, love your enemies - Mahoning Matters

USCs alumni, faculty, students and staff have displayed courage, resilience and Trojan spirit over the past 140 years. [7 min read]

Resilience is in USCs blood. The university has persevered, survived and thrived through two world wars, a great depression, a great recession, uprisings, earthquakes and, following the Spanish flu of 1918-20, is now living through its second pandemic. Our nickname, Trojans, an ode to the fighting spirit of the mythological Trojan army, could not be more apt.

It is not just our perseverance that matters, but also how we adapt. Catastrophic events can help forge character, toughen spirits and strengthen our resolve to shape the world.

Some of the most interesting forms of resilience are seizing the most unexpected moment to make something of it that wasnt there before, says USC Dornsife Professor of Philosophy Mark Schroeder.

Beth Meyerowitz, professor of psychology and preventative medicine, agrees. Her research on how cancer survivors cope, finds many feel they benefited from the experience. Resilience is not something a person either has or doesnt have, its how the person responds to, or handles, a stressful situation, she says.

The same can be true for institutions, and right from the beginning, resilience was built into USCs DNA. The university was founded in 1880, occupying a single building erected on acres of mustard fields, in the middle of the raw frontier town of Los Angeles. The railroad linking the town to San Francisco had arrived four years earlier, but early USC students still walked dirt roads to class.

World War I

When the United States entered World War I in 1917, USC leapt into action. It launched a Reserve Officers Training Corps program and transformed gym classes into training courses while faculty formed a military company.

To prepare trainees for trench warfare, a system of trenches with trip wires and gun and mortar emplacements were laid out across Exposition Park. Scientists in the chemistry lab busied themselves producing trinitrotoluene, or TNT. Instructed by the military to provide physicians, USC allowed medical students to graduate early and to complete residency on military bases. On Oct. 1, 1918, nearly 900 USC students were inducted into service on Bovard Field.

Spanish Flu

Meanwhile, what was to become the deadliest influenza epidemic in history was circling the globe. For some of these freshly recruited student soldiers, like Harvey Wendt, the two events intersected with tragic results. Wendt, a skilled member of the debate team, graduated in 1918 and volunteered for service in the Medical Corps. He died later that year when an outbreak of the Spanish flu swept through the trenches in France.

By October, the virus had reached L.A. City leaders acted swiftly, closing public gathering places and suspending film production. Their quick actions meant L.A. County had a lower death toll per capita than other metropolitan areas, but more than 2,700 people still died of the disease in the city of L.A.

USC closed its doors during this period. War training continued on campus, however, with field drills and some 700 student-soldiers packing the bleachers for a class entitled War Aims.

This dark chapter in history didnt halt the Trojan advance. In October 1919, the cornerstone for the Bovard Administration Building was laid.

In 1921, the L.A. Memorial Coliseum, named in memory of veterans of the Great War, opened its doors to cheering sports fans. That same year, USC launched an ambitious $10 million fundraising campaign for campus infrastructure.

The Great Depression

In 1929, the stock market crashed and the country entered the Great Depression. Undeterred, USC celebrated its 50th anniversary the following year and unveiled the iconic Tommy Trojan statue.

But with nearly a third of Californians out of work by 1932, enrollment at USC declined and revenue shrank. USC founded a junior college for students unqualified for four-year California universities, which brought in additional funds, and launched groundbreaking educational radio and TV programs, which boosted USCs profile.

Despite the catastrophic economic downturn, USCs expansion was able to continue apace with four major buildings added to campus, including Mudd Hall of Philosophy.

World War II

The shadow of global conflict returned to campus in December 1941, when the U.S. entered World War II. More than 70 faculty members marched off to service and by 1945, three-quarters of male students were in uniform. Young men studied at USC while training to become officers in the U.S. Army, Navy or Marines. In 1943 and 44, hundreds of students in the enlisted reserves and officer training corps were suddenly called to active duty, many before graduating.

Seven decades later, alumna Peggy Kalpakian Johnson remembered the chilling experience of watching those active duty students head to war from USC. Buses were parked along University Avenue and the men slowly entered them, single file, she said. World War II changed the entire world, but on a very personal level it changed the lives of everyone who stood there in the sunshine at USC bidding silent farewell.

Many USC Dornsife alumni also fought in World War II, among them Louis Zamperini, an Olympic runner turned WWII bombardier who survived two years in a Japanese prison camp, showing exemplary Trojan commitment to service on the frontlines. The 2014 film Unbroken, produced and directed by Angelina Jolie, was based on Zamperinis life.

When the war ended, USC rebounded and by 1948 surpassed its record for student enrollment.

L.A. Uprisings

Protests against systemic racism and police brutality have deep roots in L.A. Recent uprisings have historical parallels, among them the 1992 protests over the acquittal of four police officers involved in the violent arrest of Rodney King. When looting and fires swept perilously close to campus in 1992, USC implemented a robust emergency plan. No buildings were damaged and students helped with clean-up once the protests subsided.

After the event, USC reevaluated its relationship with the surrounding community, establishing programs with five local schools to provide quality education to neighboring residents. The initiative grew into partnerships with 15 schools that now comprise the USC Family of Schools.

Thomas Gustafson, associate professor of English and American studies and ethnicity, remembers the era as transformative for USC Dornsife. Studying L.A. gained new importance, with a revived American studies major and newly created majors in Chicano/Latino, African American and Asian American studies.

For me, Gustafson says, USCs response was not to respond as humans usually do to fire or anger a fight or flight response but to understand through all our academic disciplines, the sources of that fire in a history of injustice.

Wildfire

In 2007, USC was again under threat. On May 10, 2007, a wildfire roaring across Santa Catalina Island came within 10 miles of the USC Wrigley Marine Science Center. Power and phone lines were incinerated. Staff worked tirelessly to save animals and valuable frozen specimens threatened by the loss of power, even improvising a bucket-brigade system using a truck battery to keep water fresh for a tank of sea bass.

Although it would take months for full communications to be restored, the center continues to thrive today, while its scholars make crucial progress on issues of sustainability and environmental preservation through classwork and a host of research projects.

Coronavirus

Now, the COVID-19 pandemic has brought new challenges to USC. In order to maintain safety, students, faculty and staff adapted to virtual classes, a postponed commencement and a near-empty campus. Many USC Dornsife alumni continue to tackle the virus on the frontlines. The Trojan Family has stepped up to support one another, forging a world-class online education, donating personal protective equipment to hospital workers and contributing funds to help Trojans worst affected by this crisis. Meanwhile, tens of thousands came together to enjoy an inspirational virtual celebration of the Class of 2020 in May, with the promise of reuniting on campus next year for commencement.

For those searching for hope on the horizon, consider these words from a Daily Trojan editorial from February 1919. Just a few months earlier, the influenza outbreak had brought the city to its knees. War had darkened the campus for more than a year. Despite this almost unimaginable intersection of events, Trojans were ready to rebound.

The war in Europe is over, each day the campus gets a new thrill from a newly returned uniform. Influenza is pass. And besides all this, spring is cub and every student, from the lowliest freshman to the mightiest senior, has a perfect right to be happy.

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