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Neurologic complications of bone marrow and stem-cell …

October 11th, 2017 7:50 pm

Article

First Online: 24 June 2008

Transplantation of bone marrow or peripheral blood stem cells is increasingly being used to treat a variety of oncologic disorders. These procedures are associated with a large spectrum of neurologic complications that significantly contribute to patient morbidity and mortality. These complications may arise at any time during and after the transplantation process and are particularly common in patients requiring chronic immunosuppression. The most frequent complications are infections and cerebrovascular or metabolic events, and toxicity from radiation or chemotherapy. Because of the unique circumstances and treatments involved in each step of the transplantation process, there is a higher incidence of some neurologic complications during discrete time periods, and an awareness of the temporal relationship of the neurologic disorder to the transplantation process facilitates diagnosis. With the exception of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder, in which reduced immunosuppression may be an effective therapeutic strategy, therapies are often the same as in the nontransplant patient. Complications of therapy can arise because of the presence of multiple comorbidities and medication interactions. Anticipation of common opportunistic infections and appropriate use of prophylactic medications can significantly reduce the incidence of infectious complications.

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In a First, Gene Therapy Halts a Fatal Brain Disease – The …

October 11th, 2017 7:48 pm

Scientists were understandably wary. Disabled AIDS viruses had not been used in human gene therapy. But I dont take no for an answer, Dr. Salzman said. I probably come just shy of stalking people.

The result of her lobbying was a tiny study in France in which researchers used a disabled form of HIV to deliver a normal form of the ALD gene. The investigators reported that the treatment seemed to stop brain degeneration in two boys.

Yet the idea behind the treatment seems almost preposterous: Take bone marrow stem cells from a boy with the ALD gene mutation. Insert a good gene into those cells and then infuse them back into the bone marrow.

Wait about a year while stem cells with the good genes multiply in the bone marrow. Eventually, they drift up into the brain, where they slowly turn into glial cells support cells that surround neurons and help insulate them.

The proper gene in the glial cells takes over, stopping the brain deterioration that would otherwise occur.

That unlikely process also explains why bone marrow transplants work, said David A. Williams, chief scientific officer at Boston Childrens Hospital and a principal investigator for the study. New bone marrow cells, from a healthy donor, supply good ALD genes to cells in the recipient that eventually become glial cells.

Either therapy must be administered early, before symptoms are apparent. In the year it takes for the treatment to become effective, the brains of children who are already showing symptoms can deteriorate to the point of no return.

The success of the small pilot study was enough to inspire the founding of a company, Bluebird Bio, which sponsored the bigger study in hopes of marketing gene therapy for ALD.

The company has now expanded that study to include an additional eight boys, and in separate research is following boys who had bone marrow transplants to compare outcomes.

For Paul Rojas of Dover Plains, N.Y., whose son was in the study, gene therapy has been a lifesaver. He never heard of the disease until his son Brandon, who was 7, started drooling, losing his ability to concentrate and listing to one side when he walked.

The diagnosis was a shock. And since Brandon was showing symptoms, it was too late for a bone-marrow transplant.

Brandons doctors, Mr. Rojas said, sat across from him and his wife, Liliana, in a small conference room and gave them the bad news: This is a disease that has no cure.

He had his 4-year-old, Brian, tested. He had the mutated gene, too.

The Rojases could not find a compatible donor for a bone-marrow transplant. But then they learned about the gene therapy trial and got Brian enrolled. He is now 7, with no sign of the disease.

But his older brother Brandon, now 10, no longer speaks, walks or eats. He has a feeding tube.

Brian misses playing with his brother, Mr. Rojas said. Brandon was his idol.

For Dr. Salzman, the results of the new gene therapy study have come too late. She had to get treatment for her son before he developed symptoms.

He had a cord blood transplant, which was successful. Her nephew also had one, but suffered complications and must use a wheelchair.

The results of the new study also give rise to a concern that is becoming a regular feature of gene therapy work and other new biotech therapies: How much will this treatment cost?

Bluebird Bio is not saying companies generally do not announce prices until their drugs are approved.

Dr. David A. Williams, chief scientific officer at Boston Childrens Hospital and a principal investigator of the new study, expects the price to be similar to the hundreds of thousands of dollars it costs for a bone-marrow transplant.

But the new treatment is a curative therapy, he said.

Dr. Friedmann is not assuaged by such arguments. The research enabling these products to come to market often begins with studies already paid for by grants from the federal government or from private foundations.

The expected prices, he said, are absolutely crazy.

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The Legal and Ethical Issues of Cloning That Make it …

October 11th, 2017 7:46 pm

Many people are also concerned that clones would be produced with a specific need and purpose in mind and such cloned individuals would be traded or sold, amounting to human trafficking which is illegal.

At the other end of spectrum are some experts who are of the opinion that the embryo does not require any particular moral consideration. They say that, at the stage when an embryo is cloned, it is just a bunch of cells that contain DNA, which are not very different from the millions of skin cells that we shed everyday. The embryonic cells at that stage cannot be considered equivalent to a human being because it does not have thoughts, self-awareness, memory, awareness of its environment, sensory organs, internal organs, legs, arms, and so on. They think that the embryo attains human identity or individuality much later during gestation, perhaps at the point when the brain develops so that it becomes aware of itself.

In view of the highly debatable aspects about cloning and weighing in on the pros and cons of this process, UNESCO passed a non-binding "United Nations Declaration on Human Cloning", in March 2005, which states: "Practices which are contrary to human dignity, such as reproductive cloning of human beings, shall not be permitted." In the United States there are no federal laws that ban cloning completely, yet 13 states have banned reproductive cloning. Although many countries have banned cloning, many countries allow therapeutic cloning, a system in which the stem cells are extracted from the pre-embryo, with the intention of generating a whole organ or tissue, so that it can be transplanted back into the person who gave the DNA.

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Biotechnology Medical Conferences 2017 | CME Biotechnology …

October 7th, 2017 7:49 pm

Working in the field of biotechnology, you have a large impact on medicine by helping to advance immunology as well as the development of diagnostic tests and pharmaceutical drugs. And because your field is ever-changing, it is important for you to be able to find biotechnology courses that keep you current. We can help.

Our database of biotechnology courses is a resource that supports your search for continuing medical education. New conferences are constantly being added, so that you can browse through a current and comprehensive list of options. Are you looking for general biotechnology courses, or specific topics like molecular diagnostics, optics, vaccine research or laser technology? We feature a wide range of conferences that have been organized by leaders in the field of biology, chemistry and physical sciences.

If you are starting a search for your next biotechnology course, take a look at our list of upcoming workshops, expos, symposiums, summits and more. For related events, check out our Immunology, Pharmacology and Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics conferences.

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Rheumatoid Arthritis Stem Cells Treatment, Autoimmune …

October 7th, 2017 7:46 pm

Stem cells Transplant Institutein Costa Rica, under the direction of Dr. Mesn, is a pioneer in the use of Stem Cells Therapies in Costa Rica.

AtStem Cells Transplant Institute, we use adult autologous stem cells for the treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Stem cells therapy consists of the direct administration of the cells into the affected joint or in areas immediately surrounding the injury in order to regenerate damaged tissue, with the subsequent improvement of joint functionality.

Evidence in recent years has suggested that the bone marrow may be involved, and may even be the initiating site of the disease. Abnormalities in hemopoietic stem cells survival, proliferation and aging have been described in patients affected by Rheumatoid Arthritis and ascribed to abnormal support by the bone marrow microenvironment.

Mesenchymal stem cells and their progeny constitute important components of the bone marrow niche. Studies suggest that the onset of inflammatory arthritis is associated with altered self-renewal and differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, which alters the composition of the bone marrow microenvironment.

Using stem cell therapies offered atStem Cells Transplant Institute, you can improve symptoms and signs of Rheumatoid Arthritis as:

With the urgent need for more effective treatments for Rheumatoid arthritis, particularly for those with more progressive forms of the disease,Stem Cells Transplant Institutebelieves that the potential of all types of cell therapies must be explored.

Rheumatoid Arthritis is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease characterized by a chronic inflammation of joints mediated by T-cells (a subtype of white blood cells that plays a central roll in cell-mediated immunity).

Rheumatoid arthritis affects 1% of world population. The disease starts with the inflammation of the synovial membrane, which frequently leads to the destruction of adjacent cartilage and bone. These provoke a moderate physical inability in 80% of the patients and an early death.

Stem Cells Transplant Institutein Costa has state-to-the-art technologies and human resource to help you get fascinating treatment possibilities for Rheumatoid Arthritis through the use of stem cells. Costa Rica ranks as one of the best healthcare systems in the World, we offer high quality stem cells treatments for just a fraction of the price you get in the USA. Dont hesitate to contact us.

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veterinary medicine | Britannica.com

October 6th, 2017 5:48 pm

Veterinary medicine, also called veterinary science, medical specialty concerned with the prevention, control, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases affecting the health of domestic and wild animals and with the prevention of transmission of animal diseases to people. Veterinarians ensure a safe food supply for people by monitoring and maintaining the health of food-producing animals.

Persons serving as doctors to animals have existed since the earliest recorded times, and veterinary practice was already established as a specialty as early as 2000 bce in Babylonia and Egypt. The ancient Greeks had a class of physicians who were called horse-doctors, and the Latin term for the specialty, veterinarius (pertaining to beast of burden), came to denote the field in modern times. Today veterinarians serve worldwide in private and corporate clinical practice, academic programs, private industry, government service, public health, and military services. They often are supported in their work by other veterinary medicine professionals, such as veterinary nurses and veterinary technicians.

Veterinary medicine has made many important contributions to animal and human health. Included are dramatic reductions in animal sources of human exposure to tuberculosis and brucellosis. Safe and effective vaccines have been developed for prevention of many companion (pet) animal diseasese.g., canine distemper and feline distemper (panleukopenia). The vaccine developed for control of Mareks disease in chickens was the first anticancer vaccine. Veterinarians developed surgical techniques, such as hip-joint replacement and organ transplants, that were later applied successfully to people.

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animal disease

...and magic. Diseases of animals remain a concern principally because of the economic losses they cause and the possible transmission of the causative agents to humans. The branch of medicine called veterinary medicine deals with the study, prevention, and treatment of diseases not only in domesticated animals but also in wild animals and in animals used in scientific research. The prevention,...

A major challenge to veterinary medicine is adequately attending to the diversity of animal species. Veterinarians address the health needs of domestic animals, including cats, dogs, chickens, horses, cows, sheep, pigs, and goats; wildlife; zoo animals; pet birds; and ornamental fish. The sizes of animals that are treated vary from newborn hamsters to adult elephants, as do their economic values, which range from the undefinable value of pet animal companionship to the high monetary value of a winning racehorse. Medicating this variety of tame and wild animals requires special knowledge and skills.

On the basis of recognition by the World Health Organization (WHO) or the government of a country, there are about 450 veterinary degree programs worldwide. The level of veterinary training varies greatly among the various countries, and only about one-third of these programs designate the degree awarded as a doctors degree. Professional training of veterinarians is commonly divided into two phases. The first, or basic science, phase consists of classroom study and laboratory work in the preclinical sciences, including the fields of anatomy, physiology, pathology, pharmacology, toxicology, nutrition, microbiology, and public health. The second phase focuses on the clinical sciences and includes classroom study of infectious and noninfectious diseases, diagnostic and clinical pathology, obstetrics, radiology, anesthesiology, surgery, and practice management and hands-on clinical experience in the colleges veterinary teaching hospital. The clinical experience gives students the opportunity to treat sick animals, perform surgery, and communicate with animal owners. Student activities in the clinical setting are conducted under the supervision of graduate veterinarians on the faculty. Several important opportunities for additional training are available to graduate veterinarians. Internship (one-year) and residency (two-to-five-year) programs enable veterinarians to gain clinical proficiency in one or two medical specialties. Graduate veterinarians can also pursue advanced degree programs. Usually the field of advanced study is medically oriented, but some seek advanced degrees in areas such as business.

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Most clinical-practice veterinarians treat only companion animals and usually within the practices clinic, or animal hospital. A small proportion treat only food-producing animals or horses, most often by traveling to the location of the animal in a vehicle equipped for veterinary services in the field. Most of the remainder in clinical practice are in mixed practices, which deal with both small animals and large domestic animals such as cattle or horses. Some small-animal practices offer services for special species such as ornamental fish, caged birds, and reptiles. Some practices may limit work to a specific medical area such as surgery, dentistry, dermatology, or ophthalmology. Corporate-owned animal hospitals have increased in number and are often combined with a retail outlet for pet supplies.

Veterinarians in academia administer the basic and clinical science programs of veterinary colleges. In addition, they conduct basic and clinical research, the latter of which may involve application of new instrumentation technologies for diagnosis and treatment of animal diseases. Included are echocardiography, laser lithotripsy, endoscopy, nuclear scintigraphy, ultrasonography, computed tomography (CT) scans, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI; see nuclear magnetic resonance).

Veterinary medicine intersects with private industry in such areas as marketing of animal-health products, monitoring of animal health in large commercial animal-production programs, and biomedical research. Veterinary specialists in industry work in the fields of toxicology, laboratory animal medicine, pathology, molecular biology, and genetic engineering. Pharmaceutical companies employ veterinarians in the development, safety testing, and clinical evaluation of drugs, chemicals, and biological products such as antibiotics and vaccines for animals and people.

National and local governments employ veterinarians in those agencies charged with public health, protection of the environment, agricultural research, food and drug safety, food-animal inspection, the health of imported animals, and the humane treatment of animals. Veterinarians working in public-health programs, for example, evaluate the safety of food-processing plants, restaurants, and water supplies. They also monitor and help control animal and human disease outbreaks. The increased threat of bioterrorism has given veterinarians vital roles in the protection of the food supply for animals and people and in early detection of use of zoonotic organisms as weapons. Veterinarians also work in aerospace; e.g., they have been scientific advisers on animal use in the U.S. space program and have been members of U.S. space shuttle crews. Veterinarians in military service perform biomedical research, care for military dogs, and protect troops through food-inspection and communicable-disease monitoring-and-control programs.

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See also animal disease.

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Genetic Modification in Medicine | gm.org

October 6th, 2017 5:46 pm

Posted by Ardent Editor on July 23rd, 2007

One of the most promising uses for genetic modification being eyed in the future is on the field of medicine. There are a number of advances already being done in the field of genetic modification that may be able to allow researchers to someday be able to develop a wide range of medicines that will be able to treat a variety of diseases that current medicines may not be able to.

There are many ways that genetic modification can be used in the development of new medicines in the future. One of them is in the production of some human therapeutic proteins which is used to treat a variety of diseases.

Current methods of producing these valuable human proteins are through human cell cultures but that can be very costly. Human proteins can also be purified from the blood, but the process always has the risk of contamination with diseases such as Hepatitis C and the dreaded AIDS. With genetic modification, these human proteins can be produced in the milk of transgenic animals such as sheep, cattle and goats. This way, human proteins can be produced in higher volumes at less cost.

Genetic modification can also be used in producing so-called nutriceuticals. Through this genetic modification can be used in producing milk from genetically modified animals in order to improve its nutritional qualities that may be needed by some special consumers such as those people who have an immune response to ordinary milk or are lactose intolerant. That is just one of the many uses that genetic modification may be able to help the field of medicine in trying to improve the quality of life.

Other ways of using genetic modification in the field of medicine concern organ transplants. In is a known fact to day that organ transplants are not that readily available since supply for healthy organs such as kidneys and hearts are so very scarce considering the demand for it. With the help of genetic modification, the demand for additional organs for possible transplants may be answered.

Genetic modification may be able to fill up the shortfall of human organs for transplants by using transgenic pigs in order to provide the supply of vital organs ideal for human transplants. The pigs can be genetically modified by adding a specific human protein that will be able to coat pig tissues and prevent the immediate rejection of the transplanted organs into humans.

Although genetic modification may have a bright future ahead, concerns still may overshadow its continuous development. There may still be ethical questions that may be brought up in the future concerning the practice of genetic modification. And such questions already have been brought up in genetically modified foods.

And such questions may still require answers that may help assure the public that the use of genetic modification in uplifting the human quality of life is sound as well as safe enough. Public acceptance will readily follow once such questions have been satisfactorily answered.

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Arthritis: Causes, Signs, and Diagnosis – healthline.com

October 6th, 2017 5:45 pm

What is arthritis?

Arthritis is an inflammation of the joints. It can affect one joint or multiple joints. There are more than 100 different types of arthritis, with different causes and treatment methods. Two of the most common types are osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

The symptoms of arthritis usually develop over time, but they may also appear suddenly. Arthritis is most commonly seen in adults over the age of 65, but it can also develop in children, teens, and younger adults. Arthritis is more common in women than men and in people who are overweight.

Causes

Cartilage is a firm but flexible connective tissue in your joints. It protects the joints by absorbing the pressure and shock created when you move and put stress on them. A reduction in the normal amount of this cartilage tissue cause some forms of arthritis.

Normal wear and tear causes OA, one of the most common forms of arthritis. An infection or injury to the joints can exacerbate this natural breakdown of cartilage tissue. Your risk of developing OA may be higher if you have a family history of the disease.

Another common form of arthritis, RA, is an autoimmune disorder. It occurs when your bodys immune system attacks the tissues of the body. These attacks affect the synovium, a soft tissue in your joints that produces a fluid that nourishes the cartilage and lubricates the joints.

RA is a disease of the synovium that will invade and destroy a joint. It can eventually lead to the destruction of both bone and cartilage inside the joint.

The exact cause of the immune systems attacks is unknown. But scientists have discovered genetic markers that increase your risk of developing RA fivefold.

Symptoms

Joint pain, stiffness, and swelling are the most common symptoms of arthritis. Your range of motion may also decrease, and you may experience redness of the skin around the joint. Many people with arthritis notice their symptoms are worse in the morning.

In the case of RA, you may feel tired or experience a loss of appetite due to the inflammation the immune systems activity causes. You may also become anemic meaning your red blood cell count decreases or have a slight fever. Severe RA can cause joint deformity if left untreated.

Diagnosis

Seeing your primary care physician is a good first step if youre unsure who to see for an arthritis diagnosis. They will perform a physical exam to check for fluid around the joints, warm or red joints, and limited range of motion in the joints. Your doctor can refer you to a specialist if needed.

If youre experiencing severe symptoms, you may choose to schedule an appointment with a rheumatologist first. This may lead to a faster diagnosis and treatment.

Extracting and analyzing inflammation levels in your blood and joint fluids can help your doctor determine what kind of arthritis you have. Blood tests that check for specific types of antibodies like anti-CCP (anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide), RF (rheumatoid factor), and ANA (antinuclear antibody) are also common diagnostic tests.

Doctors commonly use imaging scans such as X-ray, MRI, and CT scans to produce an image of your bones and cartilage. This is so they can rule out other causes of your symptoms, such as bone spurs.

Treatments

The main goal of treatment is to reduce the amount of pain youre experiencing and prevent additional damage to the joints. Youll learn what works best for you in terms of controlling pain. Some people find heating pads and ice packs to be soothing. Others use mobility assistance devices, like canes or walkers, to help take pressure off sore joints.

Improving your joint function is also important. Your doctor may prescribe you a combination of treatment methods to achieve the best results.

A number of different types of medication treat arthritis:

If you have RA, your doctor may put you on corticosteroids or disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), which suppress your immune system. There are also many medications to treat OA available over the counter or by prescription.

Surgery to replace your joint with an artificial one may be an option. This form of surgery is most commonly performed to replace hips and knees.

If your arthritis is most severe in your fingers or wrists, your doctor may perform a joint fusion. In this procedure, the ends of your bones are locked together until they heal and become one.

Physical therapy involving exercises that help strengthen the muscles around the affected joint is a core component of arthritis treatment.

Diet and exercise

Weight loss and maintaining a healthy weight reduce the risk of developing OA and can reduce symptoms if you already have it.

Eating a healthy diet is important for weight loss. Choosing a diet with lots of antioxidants, such as fresh fruits, vegetables, and herbs, can help reduce inflammation. Other inflammation-reducing foods include fish and nuts.

Foods to minimize or avoid if you have arthritis include fried foods, processed foods, dairy products, and high intakes of meat.

Some research also suggests that gluten antibodies may be present in people with RA. A gluten-free diet may improve symptoms and disease progression. A 2015 study also recommends a gluten-free diet for all people who receive a diagnosis of undifferentiated connective tissue disease.

Regular exercise will keep your joints flexible. Swimming is often a good form of exercise for people with arthritis because it doesnt put pressure on your joints the way running and walking do. Staying active is important, but you should also be sure to rest when you need to and avoid overexerting yourself.

At-home exercises you can try include:

Outlook

While theres no cure for arthritis, the right treatment can greatly reduce your symptoms.

In addition to the treatments your doctor recommends, you can make a number of lifestyle changes that may help you manage your arthritis.

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Advanced Integrative Medicine | A Contemporary Blending of …

October 5th, 2017 7:51 am

A Contemporary Blending of Traditional Medicine & Complementary Therapies

Career Opportunites at Advanced Integrative Medicine:

Lisa Durham won for having the most positive reviews posted on AIM. Congratulations, Lisa!

28-day Guided Summer Detoxification & Nutrition Course - Led by Dr. Diana Milling, ND

Career Opportunites at Advanced Integrative Medicine:

Advanced Integrative Medicine is excited to announce:

Advanced Integrative Medicine is looking to grow!

We are very excited at how well we have been received in our community and we are now looking to expand! We are now interviewing for Internists, Physicians Assistants and Osteopaths wanting to be involved in a leading medical office that offers alternative options to our patients. This is an excellent opportunity for someone who wants an unlimited possibility for income. Please call the office at (303) 708-0246 or email us your resume at info@aim4yourhealth.com if you are interested. We are also OPEN to New patients!

Advanced Integrative Medicines primary goal is to provide our patients with team based health services that combine Western (Allopathic) medicine with complementary treatments in a modern setting emphasizing integrated treatment modalities.

We believe that your active involvement with our providers who are Board Certified in Internal Medicine and Family Practice along with two highly trained Physician Assistants are essential to your personal health and wellness.

In addition, our professionally licensed health care providers in Clinical Psychology, Diet and Nutrition, Chiropractic, and Acupuncture services work closely together with our traditional medical providers

Mon - Fri : 8am - 5pm

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What is Integrative Medicine and Health? | Osher Center for …

October 3rd, 2017 10:48 pm

What is Integrative Medicine and Health?

Integrative medicine and health reaffirm the importance of the relationship between practitioner and patient, focuses on the whole person, is informed by evidence, and makes use of all appropriate therapeutic approaches, healthcare professionals and disciplines to achieve optimal health and healing.

Integrative medicine combines modern medicine with established approaches from around the world. By joining modern medicine with proven practices from other healing traditions, integrative practitioners are better able to relieve suffering, reduce stress, maintain the well-being, and enhance the resilience of their patients.

Although the culture of biomedicine is predominant in the U.S., it coexists with many other healing traditions. Many of these approaches have their roots in non-Western cultures. Others have developed within the West, but outside what is considered conventional medical practice.

Various terms have been used to describe the broad range of healing approaches that are not widely taught in medical schools, generally available in hospitals or routinely reimbursed by medical insurance. Integrative medicine is a term that emphasizes the combination of both conventional and alternative approaches to address the biological, psychological, social and spiritual aspects of health and illness. It emphasizes respect for the human capacity for healing, the importance of the relationship between the practitioner and the patient, a collaborative approach to patient care among practitioners, and the practice of conventional, complementary, and alternative health care that is evidence-based.

According to the 2012 National Health Interview Survey:

Read the 2012 report What Complementary and Integrative Approaches Do Americans Use?

CAM is attractive to many people because of its emphasis on treating the whole person, its promotion of good health and well-being, its valuing of prevention, and its often more personalized approach to patient concerns.

Most people who use CAM combine it with conventional medicine, because they perceive the combination to be superior to either alone. Independent predictors of CAM use in one written survey were higher level of education, poorer health status (chronic pain, anxiety, etc.) and a holistic interest in health, personal growth and spirituality.

Funding for biomedical research in the field of integrative medicine has increased dramatically over the past several years. In 1992, Congress established the Office of Alternative Medicine (OAM) as part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) with an annual budget of $2 million. In 1998, it was elevated to a full NIH center and renamed the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM), and again renamed in 2015 to the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH). NCCIHs mission is to support research and training in CAM and to disseminate evidence-based information to both the public and professional worlds.

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Integrative Medicine Clinic | Edward-Elmhurst Health

October 3rd, 2017 10:48 pm

Getting healthy and staying healthy isnt only about medical treatments. Sometimes you need a little extra support to help you tolerate treatment and recover from illness and feel better overall.

Integrative Medicine takes into account the whole person. It makes use of different therapeutic practices to address all aspects of your health physical, emotional, social, spiritual and more. The goal is to restore and maintain health and wellness.

At the Elmhurst Integrative Medicine Clinic, we address your mind, body and spirit so you can live a better life now.

We offer the following Integrative Medicine services alongside your medical treatments:

Reiki

Reiki is a complementary, holistic healing practice intended to promote the balance of energy in the body. The session is safe, gentle and non-invasive, and is used to enhance the effectiveness of conventional medical treatment. Reiki can help promote relaxation and release stress. It can also relieve pain, improve mental clarity and promote sleep.

Mindfulness therapy

Mindfulness therapy involves focusing your awareness on the present moment. Mindfulness meditation may involve deep breathing exercises and self-soothe techniques. During it, you acknowledge and accept your thoughts, feelings and sensations without judgment. By connecting with the moment at hand, mindfulness therapy can help you relax, gain mental clarity, reduce anxious thoughts, and feel restored.

Guided imagery

Guided imagery involves the process of using directed thoughts and suggestions to guide ones imagination toward a relaxed, focused state. For example, it can help you to prepare for an event or activity by imagining a positive outcome.

Hypnosis

Hypnosis is the process by which an individuals body relaxes while the mind enters a state of deep concentration. This therapy can be used to treat people with addictions, pain, anxiety disorders and phobias.

Therapeutic massage

Advanced massage techniques are a useful adjunct to ones health plan to promote healing and maintain health. Massage is beneficial for many conditions, including chronic pain, soft tissue injuries and stress reduction.

Acupuncture & Chinese Medicine

This therapeutic practice includes an evaluation and treatment to resolve various body ailments through the use of acupuncture, cupping or gua sha. It promotes a state of optimal health to provide relief from pain, headaches, digestive disorders, sleep trouble, colds and sinus congestion, stress and more.

Naturopathic nutrition coach

Maintaininga healthy, balanced diet is important to control your weight and improve your overall wellness. Heather Bautista, ND, CNS, LDN, naturopathic health coach with the Integrative Medicine Clinic, can help educate you in choosing healthy dietary options that are right for you.

Join us on July 18 at 7:00 p.m. for a Healthy Driven Evening Conversation titled "Super Foods You ShouldKnow About"at Elmhurst Hospital, hosted by Bautista. Visit the class registration page to learn more (enter "food" into the search).

Smoking cessation

Struggling to quit smoking? Our smoking cessation program can give you the support you need to quit for good.

Smoking is a strong, complicated addiction. You need the best tools to help with the physical and emotional symptoms. Hypnosis and acupuncture are great resources to help you succeed. During hypnosis for smoking cessation, a patient is often asked to imagine unpleasant outcomes from smoking, which can help later when the desire to smoke occurs. Acupuncture can help stop jitters, curb cravings, lessen irritability and restlessness, increase relaxation and detoxify the body.

Our Integrative Medicine Clinic offers a four-week smoking cessation program by hypnosis, counseling and acupuncture (if you wish). The program can give you the support you need to kick the habit for good. Learn more and call 331-221-6135 to register.

Be Activated Therapy

Be Activated is used globally by elite sports teams, the fitness industry and health professionals to treat injuries and enhance sporting performance. It is a powerful tool for stress management and can quickly break common patterns of movement dysfunction and chronic pain.

Eric Janota, D.O. is offering Be Activated at Edward-Elmhurst Health Center (located at 8 Salt Creek Lane in Hinsdale) for people with:

The Be Activated philosophy will change the way your body works. Simple changes to dysfunctioning muscles allow the body to make immediate shifts towards resilience, strength and speed. The results are incredible. An activated body will quickly change from a state of tension and pain to a strong and relaxed state of excellent performance. To learn more, call 331-221-2550.

Osteopathic manipulative treatment

Osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) is hands-on care. It involves using the hands to diagnose, treat and prevent illness or injury. Using OMT, your osteopathic physician (D.O.) will move your muscles and joints using techniques including stretching, gentle pressure and resistance.

OMT can help people of all ages and backgrounds. The treatment can be used to ease pain, promote healing and increase overall mobility. OMT is often used to treat muscle pain, but it can also help patients with a number of other health problems such as: asthma, sinus disorders, carpal tunnel syndrome and migraines.

Julia Afridi, D.O., Medical Director of Integrative Medicine at Elmhurst Hospital, is offering OMT at Elmhurst Hospital and at our Oak Park clinic. Please call 331-221-1700 to set up your appointment for OMT.

For people with cancer, Integrative Medicine therapies can help to diminish the stress and anxiety of cancer treatment and create a sense of well-being. Often patients forgo this type of therapy because its rarely covered by insurance.Instead, they live with the adverse effects of chemotherapy and radiation treatment.

Hope. Lives. Here. is an initiative launched by the Elmhurst Memorial Hospital Foundation to increase awareness and raise funds for cancer programs and services at The Nancy W. Knowles Cancer Center.

The Foundation has raised funds to provide twocomplimentary 30-minute appointments in the Integrative Medicine Clinic to each new cancer patient that we treat in 2017. To make an appointment, call 331-221-6135.

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Kidney Failure Stem Cells Treatment | Mexstemcells

October 2nd, 2017 10:49 am

Kidney Disease is a chronic degenerative disease caused by several factors, among which are the characteristics of diabetes mellitus complications, congenital conditions, to infections in the urinary tract, and for which no viable alternatives existed for treatment.

Stem Cells Treatments in Mexico for Kidney Failure

There is a belief that the deterioration of the kidneys caused by renal failure is an irreversible process, where patients with this disease, have to undergo necessarily a kidney replacement therapy, assisted by a machine he had , whose function is to filter waste from the blood, the kidney itself no longer can.

In our stem cells clinic in Mexico we have developed, the only therapy with provable results in regeneration of kidneys, stopping the progression of the disease and increasing the kidney function in our patients preventing them to enter in hemodialysis.

With the Cell Regeneration Therapy in our Mexicos clinic, we have managed to increase kidney function of patients had less than half its Operation Renal.

Important considerations Patient with Chronic Renal Failure:

Patients with Renal Insufficiency entering dialysis process, must attend 1 to 3 times weekly sessions lasting between 2 and 3 hours to clean your body of toxins that your kidney can no longer remove.

Unfortunately this temporary process can only be a maximum of two to three years before the patient needs a kidney transplant, and that waiting times from an anonymous donor, the kidney is usually donated by a healthy family.

Today this process can be avoided and regenerating the kidney of the patient and at the same time attacking the causes of deterioration.

For more information about kidney failure treatment with stem cells please contact us in our telephone +1 832-384-4278.

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Stem Cell Cancer Treatment in Russia – Health-Tourism.com

October 2nd, 2017 10:48 am

This information is intended for general information only and should not be considered as medical advice on the part of Health-Tourism.com. Any decision on medical treatments, after-care or recovery should be done solely upon proper consultation and advice of a qualified physician.

Stem cell cancer treatment

Stem cell cancer treatment is a type of treatment that treats cancer by using stem cell transplant, which is also called peripheral blood stem cell transplant. It is used to try and cure some types of cancer such as myeloma, lymphoma and leukemia. Stem cells are very early blood cells in the bone marrow that develop into red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets. They are needed in order to survive. Your doctor can collect them from a donor or from your blood. After a high dose of treatment which leaves stem cells dead, the stem cells are replaced through an intravenous drip.

Stem cell transplant infuses healthy stem cells into the body to stimulate bone marrow growth, suppress the disease and reduce the possibility of going into remission. Stem cell transplant implies that you can have higher doses of treatment through chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Therefore, the chances of getting cured are higher.

There are two main types of stem cell transplants. You and your doctor will discuss the best choice for you.

This is also known as auto stem cell transplant. Cancer treatment using autologous stem cell transplant uses your own stem cells. It is used mainly to treat myeloma and lymphoma. There is less risk of rejection or graft-versus-host disease, whereby the new donor cells think your cells are foreign and attack them. Ina addition, engraftment is quicker ad side effects are fewer.

How It Works: Your team of doctors collect, freeze and store your own stem cells. You then undergo treatment with chemotherapy or radiation therapy after which your stem cells are thawed and transplanted back into you. You may need to go through the above process twice instead of once. This is known as a tandem or double autologous stem cell transplant.

This type of stem cell transplant is also known as allo stem cell transplant. It involves using stem cells that have been donated. It is mainly used to treat leukemia, aggressive lymphomas and autologous transplants that have failed.

How It Works: Stem cells are donated from a matched donor. You then receive treatment using chemotherapy or radiation therapy after which you receive the donor stem cells.

The type and strength of your high-dose treatment is what will influence any side effects you may have and their severity. Possible side effects include:

After having a stem cell transplant to treat your cancer, you will have regular tests to check your general health. In addition, monitoring the levels of your blood cells, you will have blood tests. Most of the side effects are worse when your blood count is at its lowest. However, as this goes up, the side effects will begin to improve. You will be able to go home when your blood count has reached a safe level.

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Stem Cell For Kidney Disease | NSI Stem Cell

September 30th, 2017 11:48 am

Kidney Disease

Kidney disorders are classified as either acute or chronic. Renal diseaseconsidered to be acute is characterized by temporary loss of kidney functions, usually due to illness, injury, or a side effect of medications or other medical procedures. Chronic kidney diseasesare those illnesses that affect the kidneys for more than 3 months and worsens over time and usually progresses slowly. The disease as a whole, whether acute or chronic, is often asymptomatic, meaning there are few warning signs early on- in fact, most kidney issues are caught during normal lab testing of blood or urine samples. The underlying causes of kidney disease usually are related to unusual immune conditions, urinary tract infections, infections or inflammation, environmental toxins, exposure to pollution, congenital birth defects, side effects of medications, or the overuse of certain potent drugs and medication.

New focus on treating kidney disease and stem cell treatment advances are the focus of our team of experts here at NSI. Though there is no cure for kidney failure and advanced kidney disease, there is promising results already seen when treating kidney damage with stem cells. Stem cells are the naive cells of the body, which can be differentiated into many cells upon proper activation. This means a group of stem cells taken from fatty deposits in the body could be activated and used to regrow kidney cells and tissue to improve healing and overall health if the kidneys after chronic or acute kidney disease has taken its toll. Although a lot of research is still needed and being conducted, stem cells are showing that they can help to stop the progression and improve healing from thedisease. In time, it may be possible to use stem cells to stop the disease and even reverse the damage to the point that a cure could be developed.

Many case studies and trials are being conducted across the country to better understand how stem cells improve kidney health and how they can be used to fight renal diseases. Here at NSI Stem Cell Centers we have helped patients with a variety of types and stages of kidney disease discover a better quality of life! The first step to finding out if stem cells are a possible treatment option for your unique case is to meet with one of our medical experts to address your overall health and to review your health history and family background with you. Once your consultation appointment has been completed and you are approved the process then begins and step two of treating kidney damage with stem cells can begin. Many of our patients have found that fighting kidney disease and stem cell treatment application can indeed help them feel better and enjoy life more!

Stem cells occur naturally throughout the body, but can be found in greater concentrations in certain staging areas in the human body. The most common course for harvesting stem cells include bone marrow, fat cells, and spinal fluid. The cells are harvested and concentrated into a slurry- sometimes additional blood and plasma, platelets can be added to the slurry to improve its potency. This is then injected into the targeted area to deliver a power punch of healing replicating cells that then go to work repairing damaged cells and tissues. For kidney patients, this means repairing damage to the various structures and cellular bodies that help the kidney function and do its job.

Once stem cells are ready to be injected back into the body, there are two main methods for delivery into the body:

Intravenous Injection The stem cell slurry is injected through the veins near the target location so the blood flow can carry the stem cells to the correct area.

Intra-Arterial Injection The infusion of stem cells is administered through the use of a catheter directly into the renal artery for faster and wider spread delivery.

Post treatment recovery is usually very promising and the outlook positive. People usually see results within a day or two in regards to lessening pain and a decrease in severity of major symptoms. Most patients are asked to visit the doctors for additional services such as physical therapy, psychological evaluations, and additional therapy and assistance. Some patients will need follow-up treatments and most will need several injections of stem cells in order to see full healing potential achieved.

Long-term, it is not known whether repeat treatments are beneficial for prolonging results are improving them even more, but additional studies are being done and with more research and study, we can begin to understand how treating kidney damage with stem cells can improve even more and impact even more lives. The NSI Stem Cell Center is committed to kidney disease and stem cell treatments and are proud to be leading the way in this new and exciting field of stem cell research.

While there is no known cure for kidney failure, much research has been done and now we understand that kidney disease and stem cell treatments go hand in hand. Here at NSI we are working to unlock the secrets that stem cells hold and to discover the answer for better treatments or even for a cure in the future. We are proud to be leaders in the development of stem cell application for kidney disease treatments. To learn more about treating kidney damage with stem cells, call and set up your consultation appointment with us and see if stem cells are the answer to your kidney disease issues and can give you back the quality of life you want!

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Stem Cell Therapy – Cendant Cellular Therapies – Denver …

September 29th, 2017 4:53 pm

Harnessing stem cells to cure disease is the hottest topic in joint injury, knee pain and arthritis treatment today. By using the adult stem cells found in our own bodies, we can amplify and speed up the natural healing process as well as grow new bone and cartilage to rebuild joints without the need for artificial replacements.

At Cendant Stem Cell Centerin Denver and our new Milwaukee Wisconsin clinic, we provide our patients with the most recent technological advancements available for treating orthopedic injuries and conditions. Our Stem Cell therapy procedureprovides treatment to repair damaged cartilage, restore function, eliminate hip, shoulder, back and knee pain and to prevent further joint destruction.

The patients adipose (fat) derived Stem Cells and/or bone marrow derived Stem Cells are injected alongwith Platelet Rich Plasma into the joint capsule space. These components are put on top of an Extracellular Fiber Matrixwhich is injected into the joint capsule before the introduction of Stem Cells. This FDA approved fiberis a major advancement in the Stem Cell procedure which gives Stem Cells a structure to bind and growupon inside the joint space. The technology allows us to treat older patients and patients with more aggressive joint disease who are facing replacement surgery or suffering from chronic pain.

The Stem Cell procedureis virtually painless, takes 3 hours and is performed under local anesthesia. It requires little to no downtime and is effective, fast and safe. Please visit our Video Testimonials page to hear from our patients and why they choose our Denver and Milwaukee stem cell clinics for their medical needs.

Ourunique approach to stem cell therapy does not offer a single franchised solution. Cendants multiple technologies provide case-driven stem cell treatment options to address individual patient needs.

Medical researchers are reporting remarkable results using platelet rich plasma and stem cellsin the treatment of common injuries, including:

What should patients expect after Stem Cell Therapy?

The noticeable regeneration of the joint tissue and cartilage typically starts to occur within 3 weeks. Most of our patients report asubstantialreduction in pain and improved function within 4-6 weeksafter treatment. Many report total pain elimination within 10-12 weeks. Within 3-5 daysafter the procedure, most patients can return to work and resume normal daily activities. Patients cannot start stressful activity or begin strenuous exercise for six weeks. Returning to stressful activity before six weeks may result in incomplete healing of the treated tissue.

Is this therapy safe?

Yes. Autologous PRP therapy and Stem Cell therapy has been used for over 10 years in surgical and orthopedic procedures. There are many research articles published on the safety of these therapies. Because a patients own blood and cells are used, there is little risk of a transmissible infection, no side effects and a very low risk of allergic reaction.

How many treatments are required?

We treat most patients aggressively upon the first visit with a mix of PRP, Extracellular Fiber Matrix and Stem Cells which all work together to create yourregenerative injection. Most patients need only 1 treatment but you could potentially have a follow up pure PRP injection which is thought of as a booster shot, the primary function of which is to stimulate continual stem cell growth.

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Sight To See Vision Associates, P.C. Inc. – Home

September 29th, 2017 4:50 pm

Welcome to our practice! We are excited to provide you professional Eye Care services in a comfortable and friendly environment. Please contact us to schedule your appointment today.

Looking for an Optometrist in Edmond, Oklahoma?

WELCOME TO SIGHT TO SEE VISION ASSOCIATES!Your vision is our focus.

At Sight to See, our passion is our patients. We pride ourselves on individual attention and personalized eye care solutions. We are family owned and operated and have proudly served Edmond and its surrounding communities for over 45 years. Our optometrists diagnose, treat, and manage a variety of acute and chronic eye conditions. Since many systemic diseases including diabetes, high blood pressure, and autoimmune disorders can have serious effects on the health of your eyes, we stress the importance ofannual examinations. We offera large selection of frames and contacts as well as refractive surgeryco-managed with nJOY.What makes us different than every other office? Our staff is AMAZING! Our mission is your satisfaction. At Sight To See Vision Associates, we understand the importance of a smile. We love seeing familiar faces and making new friendships. We value your time and recognize that you have a choice in where you go for vision care. Thank you for considering Sight to See.

Got questions? Please ask. We love curiosity and enjoy the opportunity to educate whenever possible. We look forward to seeing you and your family.

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Stem Cell Transplants, Treatments, Alzheimer, Parkinson …

September 29th, 2017 4:49 pm

A man begins to die when he ceases to expect anything from tomorrow

Discovering the secret of stem cells, represent a change in the vision of living organisms

It is extraordinary the potential of stem cells therapies to revolutionize medical care, diseases such us diabetes, myocardial infarction, Alzheimers disease, Parkinsons disease, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus and others, which today have very limited conventional treatments, could be potentially curable. Investigations results are very promising and they are getting more acute and specific over time.

Stem cells are being studied under clinical investigations that have been submitted to and allowed to proceed by FDA. Relevant professionals like Dr. McQuillan formed the Ageless Regenerative Institute in conjunction with a team of experts in stem cell therapies. This expert team has developed an approved methods and protocols for the harvesting and isolation of adipose derived stem cells for autologous reimplantation.

Many countries over the world are already using stem cells therapies with great results. Stem Cells Transplant Institute under the direction of Dr. Mesn has the mission to provide to its patients the highest standards of quality, service, lawfulness, honesty and human resource, so they can opt for these life-changing therapies; as well as to contribute with the expansion of this medical trend.

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Stem Cell Treatment for Cerebral Palsy – Beike Biotechnology

September 29th, 2017 4:49 pm

Acupuncture

Acupuncture is a technique in which practitioners stimulate specific points on the body - most often by inserting thin needles through the skin. It is one of the most effective practices used in traditional Chinese medicine. Acupuncture stimulates nerve fibers to transmit signals to the spinal cord and brain, activating the bodys central nervous system. The spinal cord and brain then release hormones responsible for making us feel less pain while improving overall health. Acupuncture may also: increase blood circulation and body temperature, affect white blood cell activity (responsible for our immune function), reduce cholesterol and triglyceride levels, and regulate blood sugar levels.

Aquatherapy

Aquatic Physical Therapy is the practice of physical therapy in a specifically designed water pool with a therapist. The unique properties of the aquatic environment enhance interventions for patients with neurological or musculoskeletal conditions. Aquatic therapy includes a wide range of techniques allowing patients to improve their balance, muscle strength and body mechanics. Aquatic therapy works to enhance the rehabilitation process and support effectiveness of stem cell treatment.

Epidural Stimulation

Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy

Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBOT) is the medical use of oxygen at a level higher than atmospheric pressure. The equipment required consists of pressure chamber, which may be of rigid or flexible construction, and a means of delivering 100% oxygen into the respiratory system. Published research shows that HBOT increases the lifespan of stem cells after injection and provides an oxygen-rich atmosphere for the body to function at optimum levels.

Nerve Growth Factor (NGF)

Nerve growth factor (NGF) is a member of the neurotrophic factor (neurotrophin, NTFS) family, which can prevent the death of nerve cells and has many features of typical neurotransmitter molecules. NGF plays an important role in the development and growth of nerve cells. NGF is synthesized and secreted by tissues (corneal epithelial, endothelial, and corneal stromal cells), and it can be up-taken by sympathetic or sensory nerve endings and then transported to be stored in neuronal cell bodies where it can promote the growth and differentiation of nerve cells.NGF can exert neurotrophic effects on injured nerves and promote neurogenesis (the process of generating neurons from stem cells) that is closely related to the development and functional maintenance and repair of the central nervous system. It is also capable of promoting the regeneration of injured neurons in the peripheral nervous system, improving the pathology of neurons and protecting the nerves against hypoxia (lack of oxygen)/ischemia (lack of blood supply).

Nutrition Therapy

Occupational Therapy

Occupational therapy interventions focus on adapting the environment, modifying the task and teaching the skill, in order to increase participation in and performance of daily activities, particularly those that are meaningful to the patient with physical, mental, or cognitive disorders. Our Occupational Therapists also focus much of their work on identifying and eliminating environmental barriers to independence and participation in daily activities, similar to everyday life.

Physiotherapy

Physical therapy or physiotherapy (often abbreviated to PT) is a physical medicine and rehabilitation specialty that, by using mechanical force and movements, remediates impairments and promotes mobility, function, and quality of life through examination, diagnosis, prognosis, and physical intervention. We combine our PT with stem cells for maximum physical rehabilitation improvements.

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Research has shown that TMS can effectively treat symptoms of depression, anxiety, neurological pain, stroke, spinal cord injuries, autism and more. This procedure is very simple and noninvasive. During the procedure, a magnetic field generator or coil is placed near the head of the person receiving the treatment. The coil produces small electrical currents in the region of the brain just under the coil via electromagnetic induction. This electrical field causes a change in the transmembrane current of the neuron which leads to depolarization or hyperpolarization of the neuron and the firing of an action potential.

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About Stem Cells

September 28th, 2017 4:45 pm

Stem cells are found in the early embryo, the foetus, amniotic fluid, the placenta and umbilical cord blood. After birth and for the rest of life, stem cells continue to reside in many sites of the body, including skin, hair follicles, bone marrow and blood, brain and spinal cord, the lining of the nose, gut, lung, joint fluid, muscle, fat, and menstrual blood, to name a few.In the growing body, stem cells are responsible for generating new tissues, and once growth is complete, stem cells are responsible for repair and regeneration of damaged and ageing tissues. The question that intrigues medical researchers is whether you can harness the regenerative potential of stem cells and be able to grow new cells for treatments to replace diseased or damaged tissue in the body.

To find out more about how stem cells are used in research and in the development of new treatments download a copy of The Australian Stem Cell Handbook or visit Stem Cell Clinical Trials to find out more about the latest clinical research using stem cells.

Stem cells can be divided into two broad groups:tissue specific stem cells(also known as adult stem cells) andpluripotent stem cells(including embryonic stem cells and iPS cells).

To learn more about the different types of stem cells visit our frequently asked questions page.

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Stem Cell Treatment for Ataxia – Beike Biotechnology

September 24th, 2017 8:49 am

How does ataxia affect the patient?The disease is characterized by progressively disabling clinical manifestations. Patients show symptoms of gait instability or dysarthria and may begin to fall without warning. Gradually they present progressive limitations in their activities, lose the ability to walk, become bedridden and fully dependent. Other clinical manifestations include astasia, impaired fine motor skillsand intention tremor (cerebellar tremor). The cerebellar syndrome is often associated with other neurological signs such as pyramidal or extrapyramidal signs, ophthalmoplegia, and cognitive impairment.

How to diagnose ataxia?Most people dont know what ataxia is and may overlook the early symptoms. Anyone with progressive gait disorder or imbalance should be evaluated by a neurologist. MRI is recommended in all cases. If a treatable cause is not discovered, a gene test should be done. In about 60 percent of the cases, the gene test will determine the type of ataxia.

What is the efficacy of conventionaltreatments?Until now, conventional treatments are generally used to alleviate the symptoms, not the disease itself. The movement disorders can be managed using pharmacological, physical and occupational therapies to minimize the damage and to promote the mobility as long as possible but overall current treatment remains retardant.

What are the difference between autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive ataxias?Autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive ataxias are hereditary ataxias, and spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) and Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA) are the most common forms of hereditary ataxia. Autosomal dominant genes express themselves when present. Autosomal recessive genes will only express themselves when in the homozygous state -- i.e., both genes in the gene pair are the recessive gene form. Thus, recessive genes can be "carried" by those whose phenotype does not exhibit the gene characteristic, while dominant genes cannot be "carried". Therefore, generally autosomal dominant ataxias are easier to express andat a higher morbiditythan autosomal recessive ataxias.

What is the role of Purkinje cells, where can we find those cells ?Purkinjecellsare a type of neuron found in the cerebellar cortex, at the base of the brain.They are among the largest neurons and are responsible for most of the electrochemical signaling in the cerebellum. ThePurkinjecellsand the cerebellum are essential to the body's motor function. Disorders involving thePurkinjecellsusually negatively affect the patient's movements.

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