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Prevention of Blindness Society to Honor Dr. William L. Rich – Patch.com

February 14th, 2017 5:51 am

Patch.com
Prevention of Blindness Society to Honor Dr. William L. Rich
Patch.com
From the Prevention of Blindness Society of Metropolitan Washington: Dr. William L. Rich III of the American Academy of Ophthalmology and Northern Virginia Ophthalmology Associates will be honored at 31st Night of Vision gala. The Prevention of ...

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White Biotechnology Market – Global Industry Analysis, Size, Share, Growth, Trends, and Forecast 2016 – 2024 – PR Newswire (press release)

February 14th, 2017 5:51 am

The white biotechnology market has been segmented based on product, application, feedstock, and region. Based on product, the market has been segmented into biochemical, biofuel, biomaterial, and bioproduct. In terms of application, the market has been categorized into food & feed, pharmaceuticals, pulp & paper, textile, energy, and others. Based on feedstock, the market has been segmented into grains & starch crops, agricultural residues, food waste, forestry material, animal by-product, energy crops, and urban & suburban waste.

The executive summary provides detailed insights about the report and the market in general. This elaborate executive summary provides a glimpse into the present scenario of the global white biotechnology market, which includes a market snapshot that provides overall information of various segments and sub-segments. The executive summary also provides overall information and data analysis of the global white biotechnology market with respect to market segments based on product, application, feedstock, and geographic regions. The market for white biotechnology has been extensively analyzed based on usefulness, effectiveness, sales revenue, and geographic presence. The market size and forecast in terms of US$ Bn for each product type, application, and feedstock has been provided for the period from 2016 to 2024. This report on the white biotechnology market also provides the compound annual growth rate (CAGR %) for each market segment for the forecast period from 2016 to 2024, considering 2015 as the base year.

Geographically, the white biotechnology market has been segmented into five major regions: North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Latin America, and Middle East & Africa. The market size and forecast for each of these regions have been provided for the period from 2016 to 2024, along with CAGR (%) for the forecast period from 2016 to 2024. The research study also incorporates the competitive scenario in these regions.

A list of recommendations has been provided for new entrants as well as existing players to help establish a strong presence in the market and increase market share. The report also profiles major players in the white biotechnology market based on various attributes such as company overview, financial overview, business strategies, product portfolio, and recent developments. Major players profiled in this report include Archer Daniels Midland Company, BASF SE, Cargill, Inc., DuPont, Corbion, DSM, Novozymes, and Lesaffre.

The global white biotechnology market has been segmented as follows:

Global White Biotechnology Market, by Product

Biochemical

Biofuel

Biomaterial

Bioproduct

Global White Biotechnology Market, by Application

Food & Feed

Pharmaceuticals

Pulp & Paper

Textile

Energy

Others

Global White Biotechnology Market, by Feedstock

Grains & Starch Crops

Agricultural Residues

Food Waste

Forestry Material

Animal By-product

Energy Crops

Urban & Suburban Waste

Global White Biotechnology Market, by Geography

North America

Europe

Asia Pacific

Latin America

Middle East & Africa

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Drug combo works against chikungunya arthritis in mice – Trinidad Guardian

February 14th, 2017 5:51 am
Drug combo works against chikungunya arthritis in mice
Trinidad Guardian
Combining a drug for rheumatoid arthritis with one that targets the chikungunya virus can eliminate the signs of chikungunya arthritis in mice in the disease's earliest stage, according to researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St ...

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Paralyzed Easton Teen Seeking Stem Cell Treatment In Bid To Move Legs Again – New Canaan Daily Voice

February 14th, 2017 5:50 am

EASTON, Conn. --Hope is a big word in the Standen household in Easton these days.

Through a procedure at the Cell Medicine Institute in Panama, there is a 60 percent to 70 percent chance that Zach Standen a 17-year-old who became paralyzed from the waist down after a car accident last summer may regain some feeling and movement in his legs.

In the procedure, The stem cells are taken from your own bone marrow and human umbilical cords and are re-injected into your body," Zachs mother, Christine Standen, said in a phone interview.

The ultimate goal is for the stem cells from Zach's body to regenerate the nerves and neural connections for him to regain some feeling and function in his legs.

It's extremely important that Zach gets the treatment as soon as possible, his mother said. "He should get the stem cell therapy within a year of the accident since this is when the most healing occurs and before scar tissue is laid down," Christine Standen said. Once this happens, she said, muscle mass is lost and muscles begin to atrophy.

Related story: Easton teen is left paralyzed after car crash.

Zach's family has set up a GoFundMe page to raise the nearly $40,000 needed to pay for the treatment. So far, the page has been shared 687 times. With 313 donations, it has raised $18,194 out of a $100,000 goal.

The family is hoping to raise enough money to get Zach two stem cell treatments, which would greatly increase his chances for recovery.

In addition, a fundraiser has been established to benefit the cause for Zach. Through Feb. 28, a total of 15 percent of the cost of all Arbonne products will be donated to Zach Standens Stem Cell Therapy Fund.

Zach and his mother, as well as Zachs girlfriend, Constance Rude, plan on taking the month-long trip to Panama.

We are hoping that Zach [who attends Joel Barlow High School in Redding] will get his homework assignments ahead of time," she said, adding that he will most likely have to take summer classes or make up some timein the fall.

In a post on Zachs GoFundMe Page, his mother wrote, As of right now, there has been very little progress physically and I can't see him being like this for the rest of his life. No walking, no bowel or bladder control, no sexual function, no feeling. This is no way to live if we can help it, especially for a 17 year old."

She said Zach's spirits are waning. "He is finding it difficult to study and is trying to maintain hope."

Aside from his medical issues, Zach has the life of a typical teenager he goes to school and hangs out with his friends.

Related story: A family seeks support for treatment for paralyzed son.

Zach goes twice a week to physical therapy at Gaylord Hospital in Wallingford. "He is working really hard, every day," said his mother.

Another fundraiser for Zachwill be a concert by the Grayson Hugh & The Moon Hawks & The Bobby Paltauf Band on March 11 at 7 p.m. at the Fairfield Theatre Company. A total of 25 percent of ticket sales will go toward Zach's Stem Cell Therapy Fund.

Christine Standen said she feels extreme gratitude toward for the support the family has received through this tough time. "We are so grateful to the entire community," she said.

For previous Daily Voice articles on Zach Standen, click here and here .

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Paralyzed Easton Teen Seeking Stem Cell Treatment In Bid To Move Legs Again - New Canaan Daily Voice

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Cancer Stem Cells | GreenMedInfo | Disease | Natural Medicine

February 13th, 2017 2:43 pm

Increasingly, science is validating the therapeutic value of spices to prevent and treat disease, including for conditions as serious as lethal brain cancer.

When chemo fails, or worse, feeds the cancer, the immense healing power of food may be the only hope left.

A new study published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute has found that more frequent mammography results in dramatically increased rates of false positives and unnecessary biopsies.

What do we really know about ovarian cancer risk and the 'gene mutations' considered largely responsible for increasing it? The answer is quite surprising and opens up the possibility for a radical change in how we diagnosis and treat the most lethal gynecological cancer in existence.

This highly pungent Japanese condiment contains compounds that strike to the very core of pancreatic cancer malignancy.

Costing over $150 per milligram, this deadly and ineffective chemotherapy drug costs 4,000x its weight in gold. Why was it approved by the FDA and when will natural alternatives that actually work be made available to the public?

A new turmeric study published in Cancer Letters is paving the way for a revolution in the way that we both understand and treat cancer.

A new study finds vitamin D -- the 'sunlight vitamin' -- strikes to the very heart of breast cancer malignancy.

Newly published research from the journal cancer indicates that conventional radiation-based cancer treatments may actually be driving the cancer into greater malignancy. Irradiated breast cancer cells were found to be 30 times more capable of forming new tumors than nonirradiated breast cancer cells.

A new study confirms radiotherapy drives malignancy and invasiveness within cancer, as well as the power of natural substances as benign and accessible as blueberries to suppress the cancer stem cells at the root of the problem.

About one hundred times less toxic than chemotherapy, turmeric extract (curcumin) was found more effective at killing colorectal cancer stem cells from patients than a popular combination of conventional drugs.

Cancer treatment with chemotherapy yields disappointing results for most cancer cell types. Perhaps we should be exploring alternative cancer treatments, such as one proposed by Nicholas Gonzalez, MD, known as the trophoblast theory of cancer.

A new scientific review identifies 25 of the top foods and herbs which kill the cancer stem cells at the root cause of cancer malignancy.

The ancient Indian spice turmeric strikes again! A new study finds it is capable of selectively and safely killing cancer stem cells in a way that chemo and radiation can not.

Many of the most commonly used forms of chemotherapy target the fast-replicating cells, tricking them into incorporating deadly chemicals within their DNA, like fluoride or platinum, or by otherwise blocking some key cog in the machinery of DNA replication or translation.

Unbeknownst to most, a Copernican revolution has already taken place in cancer theory. Today, the weight of evidence indicates that plants and not chemicals are the solution for reversing the global cancer epidemic.

Cannabis contains a compound that may kill brain cancers that chemotherapy and radiation can't touch, so why isn't it being used today?

A new study reveals ginger contains a pungent compound that is up to 10,000 times more effective than conventional chemotherapy in targeting the root cause of cancers.

Conventional cancer treatments aren't working for women with breast cancer. Women are falling into a cancer industry machine only to be spit out at the other end, permanently damaged and still with no reasonable assurance of long-term survival.

From the perspective of conventional cancer treatment a diagnosis of multi-drug resistant cancer is equivalent to a death sentence. By the time such a diagnosis occurs, the patients body has been devastated by chemotherapy and radiation, and an even more aggressive cancer has emerged to take the place of the original one.

Millions die every year from cancer. Millions more from heart disease. A solid body of research indicates that consuming pomegranate may be the ideal way to protect yourself against the top two killers in the postmodern age.

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Cellular quality control process could be Huntington’s disease drug target – Medical Xpress

February 13th, 2017 2:43 pm

February 13, 2017 Misfolded proteings in cells of people with Huntington's disease cause the death of neurons in brain and muscle cells in the body. Scientists have known that in people with Huntington's, chaperone proteins -- whose job it is to fold misfolded proteins 0 are at low levels, but it wasn't clear why. Credit: Alisa Weigandt for Duke Health

The loss of motor function and mental acuity associated with Huntington's disease might be treatable by restoring a cellular quality control process, which Duke Health researchers have identified as a key factor in the degenerative illness.

Huntington's disease is an inherited condition that results in the gradual erosion of nerve cells, leading to impairments and death. It affects about one in 10,000 people in the United States and has no cure.

Like other neuro-degenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, Huntington's disease is caused when certain protein molecules fail to fold into the proper structural shape required for them to function properly. These misfolded proteins build up and become toxic to the nerve cells that control movement and thought.

In a study published online Feb. 13 in the journal Nature Communications, Duke Health researchers looked at what causes the failure of the cellular process that usually fixes or discards these misfolded proteins.

"Normally when proteins misfold, the cells have a mechanism to cope," said senior author Dennis Thiele, Ph.D., George Barth Geller Professor in the Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology. "These quality control mechanisms can prod the proteins back into their normal three-dimensional shape, or if the damage is too extensive, target them for removal in the cellular garbage disposal. In Huntington's disease, that's not happening."

Thiele and colleagues conducted experiments using yeast genetics, biochemistry, chemical biology screening, mouse models and stem cells from patients with Huntington's disease. They found a biochemical explanation for how the quality control process breaks down in Huntington's disease.

They focused on specialized proteins called chaperoneshelpmates that coax the misfolded proteins into their correct conformations. Chaperone proteins are abnormally scarce in people with Huntington's disease, but the cause of that scarcity was not known until now.

The Duke-led team found that the master control for chaperone production, called HSF1, was being destroyed in Huntington's disease due to the presence of abnormally high levels of a chemical modifier called CK2. As a result, neurons die due to their inability to produce sufficient levels of the beneficial chaperones.

"We demonstrated that we could restore the abundance of the protein chaperones by chemically inhibiting CK2 in a cell model of Huntington's disease, or genetically lowering CK2 kinase levels in a Huntington's disease mouse model," Thiele said. "In both cases, we dramatically increased the number of healthy neurons and we prevented the muscle wasting that is commonly observed in Huntington's disease."

With more functioning neurons, he said, the hallmarks of Huntington's disease diminish. Thiele said there are potential investigational drugs that could delay or prevent the cellular processes that cause the neurodegeneration of Huntington's disease, and could also be tested in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, along with other similar diseases.

But he said more pre-clinical studies are needed to explore those chemicals and to further illuminate the cellular events involved.

"We have identified a potential new target for a drug intervention in Huntington's disease," Thiele said, "but there are a lot of basic questions that still need to be answered."

Explore further: Potential therapeutic target for Huntington's disease

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A specific gene that helps form memories from traumatic events can be manipulatedand in doing so may actually help prevent post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), according to a new study led NYU Langone Medical Center ...

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Proteins are the building blocks of all cells. They are made from messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules, which are copied from DNA in the nuclei of cells. All cells, including brain cells regulate the amount and kind of proteins ...

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Harvard Tests A Brain Implant That Could Reverse Blindness – The Nerd Stash (press release)

February 13th, 2017 2:43 pm

Technology is amazing. Within the last couple years alone, it has allowed human beings to advance in ways that, at one time, was only thought possible in science fiction. Virtual reality is becoming a household thing and 3D printing is changing lives. Now, technology is being tested to change a persons life entirely. In an upcoming study, Harvard Medical School is developing a brain implant that may reverse the effects of blindness long term.

Sometime next month, Harvard will begin testing the implant on primates. Instead of protruding into the brain, the new implant will rest right underneath the skull and sit on the brains surface. Tiny coils on the underside of the implantwill generate magnetic fields to initiate activity in different parts of the brain. Obviously, in this particular experiment, the researchers are focused on the effects this will have on thevisual cortex of the brain. They are hoping the surge of electricity from the implant will re-create the actions that causevision. In the end, the Harvard researchers are hoping to be able to turn signals from a camera into brain activity. If successful, the primates will be able to navigate a maze just by perceiving light, dark, and shapes. They will also be testing an implant that is embedded in the brain. Below, is a video that shows a brain implant giving a paralyzed monkey the ability to walk!

Unfortunately, this is an experiment that will not be finished anytime soon. The three-year project is being funded by a movement, the BRAIN initiative, put into action by President Obama. The initiative was put in place strictly for scientists to experiment in an attempt to better understand the human brain. When it comes to these sort of implants. they usually fail. The electrodes the implants are trying to pass through the various parts of the brain stop working when scar tissue builds around the implant. Since this new type of implant rests on top of the brain, scar tissue wont build up and erode these connections.

This implant could, not only, fix blindness in the long term, but could also be extremely useful for other sorts of disabilities.

Shelby loves all things horror and nerd-related and has been playing games for as long as she can remember. Her first memory of gaming comes from playing Super Mario World on the SNES with her aunt. She has a real passion for literature and the indie gaming community.

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IBB: Merck Joins The Drug Pricing Coalition For Transparency – Seeking Alpha

February 13th, 2017 2:43 pm

Introduction

Although the political uncertainty has abated, Donald Trump has been able to single handily influence the movement of specific stocks [i.e. Lockheed Martin (NYSE:LMT), Ford (NYSE:F), Boeing (NYSE:BA) and others] and sectors (i.e. automotive, biotechnology, defense and healthcare). The overall healthcare sector has become volatile on the heels of any statement or tweet from Donald Trump. Case in point, Trump recently held a press conference and stated his stance with regard to the pharmaceutical industry and more specifically drug pricing. Trump stated that drug companies are "getting away with murder" when speaking to the drug pricing issue that has taken the spotlight. These remarks immediately resulted in a broad sell-off across the entire biotech cohort. The iShares Nasdaq Biotechnology ETF (NASDAQ:IBB) shed more than 2.5% or $7 per share as these comments were heard during the live broadcast. The healthcare sector has been faced with a political backdrop that's put the entire industry on edge. The overall healthcare umbrella has become sensitive to any tweet from President Trump as he vows to bring down drug prices. As he pursues his agenda against drug pricing, much of these threats may have already been priced-in as seen in many healthcare related stocks [i.e. McKesson (NYSE:MCK), CVS (NYSE:CVS), AbbVie (NYSE:ABBV) and Allergan (NYSE:AGN)] that have seen sharp and sustained sell-offs. Lately, many large-cap pharma companies have create a drug pricing coalition of sorts to reign in transparency, separate themselves from a few bad actors and get out in front of Trump's crusade against the drug companies.

Figure 1 - IBB price activity over the previous 6 months with pronounced volatility that coincide with political rhetoric against drug pricing

Merck Joins Drug Pricing Coalition

Big pharma companies are joining forces as of late to address the price increases that the public and governmental officials have been demanding. Allergan, J&J (NYSE:JNJ), Novo Nordisk (NYSE:NVO) and AbbVie have committed to limiting any annual drug pricing increases to less than 10%. J&J went further stating that they will be publishing an annual report regarding its portfolio and the price increases they've implemented. AbbVie released data on its increases as well stating that Humira was increased by 8.4% with an only once annual increase moving forward. Merck (NYSE:MRK) becomes the latest pharma to join this drug pricing transparency coalition. Merck raised list prices by an average of 9.6% with an average net price increase of 5.5%

M&A and Repatriation Catalysts

The M&A activity has heated up as of late with J&J and McKesson making a big splash with acquisitions of Actelion and CoverMyMeds, respectively. Johnson & Johnson made an all-cash offer of $30 billion to acquire Swiss drug maker Actelion. This acquisition was approved unanimously by the boards of both companies and valuing the transaction at $280 per share, payable in U.S. dollars. This acquisition will be financed by cash held outside the U.S. while Actelion shares spiked 20% on the news. The drug discovery operations of Actelion will be spun off as a standalone company, termed R&D NewCo. Johnson & Johnson will own a 16% stake in the newly formed company with rights to an additional 16% ownership equity via a convertible note. McKesson reached an agreement to acquire privately-held healthcare IT company CoverMyMeds for $1.1 billion in an effort to strengthen its technology offerings to pharmaceutical manufactures, clinicians and payers. In addition to the latest moves, Pfizer's acquisition of Medivation for $14 billion, Allergan's acquisition of Tobira for $1.7 billion and J&J's acquisition of Abbott's Medical Optics unit for $4.3 billion. Recently, Ariad (NASDAQ:ARIA) Pharmaceuticals was acquired by Takeda Pharmaceuticals for $5.2 billion.

As campaign promises of repatriation of overseas assets and decreases in corporate taxes come to fruition, this could serve as a catalyst for M&A. These events taken in conjunction with chronically depressed valuations of many companies may accelerate M&A within the sector. The governmental stance on M&A activity may loosen up with the new administration while its pro-business agenda. Potential repatriation of overseas assets, decreases in corporate taxes and the loosening of M&A push back may bode well for the industry in the intermediate term. As the cohort remains suppressed, many prospective buyout candidates become more financially appealing to the acquirer due to beaten down valuations in concert with the maturity of pipelines coming into play. As this acquisition activity heats up, be on the lookout for stocks that have been rumored as takeover targets to heat up and possibly take IBB along for the ride.

Summary

As Donald Trump pursues his crusade against drug pricing, much of these threats may have already been priced-in as seen in many healthcare related stocks that have seen sharp and sustained sell-offs that have now leveled off. President Trump may be up against a formidable challenge with the formation of this new coalition on drug pricing transparency within large pharma. As transparency and responsible drug price increases enter the market, reigning in these costs may be more challenging when countered with this coalition and its vow to limit drug price increases. If this debate can be stymied by the coalition and largely put behind the industry, this cohort will likely rise. Potential M&A activity and a favorable repatriation environment can further support this sector. Collectively, all these potential events bode well for the sector and as IBB attempts to break through the $300 barrier be on the lookout for these events in propelling the index higher.

Disclosure: I am/we are long IBB.

I wrote this article myself, and it expresses my own opinions. I am not receiving compensation for it (other than from Seeking Alpha). I have no business relationship with any company whose stock is mentioned in this article.

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Large Outflow of Money Witnessed in iShares Nasdaq … – Highland Mirror

February 13th, 2017 2:43 pm

iShares Nasdaq Biotechnology Index Fund (IBB) traded higher in the last at $284.75, gaining 0.19 points or 0.07%. From the data available, it can be said that the stock did not make an impact in the money flow department with the net figure coming to be $(-2.92) million. The composite uptick value of $19.32 million was eclipsed by the accrued downtick value of $22.25 million, thereby ensuring the up/down ratio of 0.87. For the week, the shares have posted returns of 0.6%.

iShares Nasdaq Biotechnology is having a Relative Strength Index of 61.82 which indicates the stock is not yet over sold or over bought based on the technical indicators.

Based on the Stock Research reports from financial advisors, there are Analysts recommending as a Strong Buy, and Analysts recommending as a Moderate Buy. Investors should also note that Stock brokerage firms are recommending to Hold the stock for short term. Stock Research experts are recommending to Sell based on the growth. There are Analysts recommending as a Strong Sell.

iShares Nasdaq Biotechnology Index Fund (NASDAQ:IBB) witnessed a decline in the market cap on Friday as its shares dropped 0.07% or 0.19 points. After the session commenced at $284.48, the stock reached the higher end at $285.88 while it hit a low of $283.55. With the volume soaring to 764,100 shares, the last trade was called at $284.37. The company has a 52-week high of $301.8. The company has a market cap of $8,332 million and there are 29,300,000 shares in outstanding. The 52-week low of the share price is $240.3.

The ISHARES NASDAQ BIOTECHNOLOGY INDEX FUND seeks investment results that correspond generally to the price and yield performance, before fees and expenses, of companies primarily engaged in the biotechnology industry, as represented by the NASDAQ Biotechnology Index.

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Large Outflow of Money Witnessed in iShares Nasdaq ... - Highland Mirror

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Researchers develop new arthritis treatment – Bel Marra Health

February 13th, 2017 2:41 pm

Home Anti-Aging Arthritis Researchers develop new arthritis treatment

Researchers from Washington University in St. Louis are developing a new treatment for arthritis that can ease symptoms and make existing medications more effective. Injuries such as a twisted ankle, broken hip, and torn knee cartilage can have long-term side effects including arthritis, joint degeneration, osteoarthritis, and inflammation that could result in chronic pain. The team, led by professor Lori Setton, have found that silk particles can aid in the delivery of existing medications to affected areas that are sometimes hard to reach.

To develop this new treatment, the researchers addressed the main cause of cellular breakdown, inflammation, and pain following an injuryan intracellular compound referred to as nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB). They are currently working on a method that utilizes silk to deliver two NF-kB inhibiting molecules to the site of the original injury in order to prevent long-term joint damage.

Setton explained their method, stating Silk naturally doesnt interact with water, and, when you mix it with these molecules that also dont interact with water, they bind to each other very strongly. We believe these selective compounds are therapeutically effective, but weve never been able to get them to their target site. By delivering them with the silk, we hope to get large doses to the target site with low toxicity and to have them remain in that compartment for longer periods of time.

In initial trials, Setton and her team have shown that compounds are able to stay in the joint space approximately five times longer when they are delivered with silk microparticles than when they are delivered alone. This new delivery method will begin testing in animal models in the near future.

If this method proves to be effective in animal and human trials, it could provide a more efficient way of treating the cause of long-term joint damage and potentially prevent the development of musculoskeletal disorders such as osteoarthritis.

Related: Living with arthritis? Simple lifestyle and exercise tips to improve your joint health

Related Reading:

11 best essential oils for arthritis: Control arthritis and inflammation

Osteoarthritis pain in older adults can be managed with chair yoga

https://medicalxpress.com/news/2017-02-apill-team-arthritis-treatment-silk.html

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Vital Signs: Treatment options can ease pain of hand and wrist arthritis – The Daily Progress

February 13th, 2017 2:41 pm

Osteoarthritis of the hand and wrist is a relatively common condition that can lead to significant pain, stiffness and functional limitation. In some cases, arthritis can develop after a fracture or other trauma. However, most of the time it occurs as part of the aging process. Over time, the normal cartilage within the joint degenerates, thins and can wear away entirely, causing pain and inflammation.

Arthritis can occur in any of the joints of the hand and/or wrist, but the joint at the base of the thumb and the small joints of the fingers are most commonly affected. So, how do you know if you may be affected?

Patients with arthritis typically have pain and swelling in the affected joints. They also may notice that certain knuckles become more prominent as a result of osteophyte (bone spur) formation. Range of motion often becomes more limited. Many patients report difficulty with pinching and gripping activities, like opening jars or turning doorknobs or car keys.

Unfortunately, there is no good way to prevent hand and wrist arthritis. Its believed to be caused by a combination of genetics and just general wear and tear that occurs during life. If you do experience symptoms, however, seeing a doctor as soon as possible may allow for more treatment options.

Initial evaluation of the patient with arthritis usually will include a detailed history, including activities or treatments that worsen or improve symptoms. Physical exams can help determine which areas are most symptomatic, as well as assessing the motion and stability of the affected joints. Often, X-rays will be ordered to confirm the diagnosis and guide treatment.

For patients with earlier-stage disease and milder symptoms, conservative treatments such as ice or heat, rest or activity modification can be effective. Anti-inflammatory medications like ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil) or naproxen (Aleve) or pain relievers like acetaminophen (Tylenol) also can help with symptoms. For arthritis in certain locations like the joint at the base of the thumb splint usage or hand therapy may have a role. As symptoms become more severe, steroid injections into arthritic joints may provide short-term relief.

For patients with more advanced disease and symptoms not adequately addressed by non-surgical therapies, surgery may be an option. For patients with arthritis in the joint at the base of the thumb (carpometacarpal [CMC] arthritis), surgery can provide significant pain relief while preserving strength and motion in the thumb. Typically, the surgeon removes the arthritic bone (called the trapezium) through a small incision at the base of the thumb. One of the tendons in the area is then rerouted to support the thumb while it heals. After a period of immobilization and rehab, patients are able to return to full activity.

For the smaller joints of the fingers, arthroplasty (joint replacement) with silicone or pyrocarbon implants can preserve motion while relieving pain. These procedures are more commonly performed in the proximal finger joints (those closer to the wrist). For the more distal finger joints (those farther from the wrist), stability is often a more important concern, and an arthrodesis (fusion) procedure can relieve pain and provide a stable platform for pinch-and-grip activities.

Dr. Michael Potter is with Sentara Martha Jefferson Orthopedics.

This column, which promotes community health, is sponsored by Sentara Martha Jefferson Hospital, Region Ten Community Services Board, Thomas Jefferson Health District and the University of Virginia Health System.

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New research links Crohn’s disease to arthritis – Bel Marra Health

February 13th, 2017 2:41 pm

Home Colon And Digestive New research links Crohns disease to arthritis

New research published in Science Translational Medicine has revealed a bacterial link between Crohns disease and arthritis. Crohns is a form of inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, that causes abdominal pain and diarrhea, and patients have also reported experiencing joint pain.

The immune system of patients with Crohns attacks the bowels and digestive system, but it can also target the musculoskeletal system and cause spondyloarthritis, resulting in spine and joint pain. This new research has found a link between the two conditions that may help explain why the immune system can turn its sights on the musculoskeletal system.

Researchers gathered fecal samples from patients with IBD and found that those with IBD and spondyloarthritis had a significant presence of E. coli bacteria in their samples. These samples, as well as mouse models, were used by the team to conclude that the E. coli bacteria was connected to the cells that help regulate inflammation in individuals with autoimmune disorders. Patients who had both Crohns disease and spondyloarthritis were found to have higher levels of these inflammation regulating cells, which are triggered by a protein known as IL-23.

These results have provided a target for potential treatments and medications, and with a better understanding of the inflammation caused by bacteria, scientists may be able to develop better treatment options to relieve the symptoms of Crohns and spondyloarthritis. They also open the door for the development of more personalized treatment regimens, as doctors may soon be able to address sources of inflammation specific to each patient.

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http://news.weill.cornell.edu/news/2017/02/research-uncovers-bacteria-linking-crohn%E2%80%99s-disease-to-arthritis

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Educational seminar on stem cell therapy to be featured at lunch meeting in Abilene – Salina Post

February 13th, 2017 2:40 pm

Kansas Regenerative Medicine Center (KRMC) staff will be the guest speakers at the next Healthwise 55 luncheon. Speakers Frank Lyons, MD; John Farley (Founder); and Kate Farley will define stem cells and explain their many therapeutic uses. The KRMC staff will also share how stem cell therapy is a potential alternative to joint replacements or other medical therapies.

The event will be on Thursday, February 23, from noon to 1 p.m. in the Conklin Conference Center at Memorial Hospital, located at 511 N.E. 10th, Abilene. The cost is $5.00 to cover the price of the meal. Please call Michelle McClanahan, MHS Director of Volunteer Services, at (785) 263-6692 by Monday, February 20, to make a reservation.

Healthwise 55 is a luncheon and health information program hosted by the MHS Volunteer Corps. It is open to the public for individuals ages 55 and older. It includes a meal followed by a health care professional(s) speaking on a health-related topic.

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Diabetes and children: A balancing act – Jackson Clarion Ledger

February 12th, 2017 4:51 am

John Webb, Special to The Clarion-Ledger 6:17 p.m. CT Feb. 11, 2017

Nikki Nichols of Richland, left, is quite familiar with diabetes. Her daughter, Bella, was diagnosed four years ago at age 5.(Photo: Special to The Clarion-Ledger)

Madison Avenue could have us believing that once people with diabetes lower that all-important A1c number an indicator of how well blood sugar has been controlled over the past few months theyll be skipping, dancing and otherwise frolicking through life with a song or balloon for every passerby.

But experts in both the physical and psychological care of people with diabetes is more than a number, and its management far more complex than the regulation of glucose through insulin, diet and exercise.

Sometimes we focus too much on the numbers and the A1c and lose sight of the humanity, said Dr. Elaine Apperson, a pediatric endocrinologist from the University of South Carolina School of Medicine who will be addressing these issues at the Diabetes Foundation of Mississippis 2017 Super Conference on Feb. 18 at the Marriott Hotel downtown.

This can be especially true when it comes to children. Often the child becomes a math equation dehumanized to the point where the first thing asked when they come home from school is what their blood sugar is, and what did they eat to cause a problem, Apperson said. But their blood sugar may have nothing to do with what they did or didnt do sometimes blood sugars are beyond their control.

And this can lead the child later in life to dismiss the very real importance of balancing blood sugar to avoid dangerous complications. The tighter the fist when the child is younger, the less likely the child will take care of himself or herself down the line, Apperson said. The child sometimes has no way of putting things in context.

The worst situation is when a child is prevented from living fully because of diabetes, Apperson said. Say she was prohibited from going to a paintball birthday party, she said. The more that child experiences upheaval because of an overbearing parent the less likely she is to fall into line.

Parents have genuine reasons to be anxious, but it is important to look at the big picture, and they should ask themselves, what would I do if my child didnt have diabetes, would I let them go to that party or play that sport? Its incumbent on the parent to make that happen.

Its also important to expect some rebellion, a normal part of adolescent development. One of the things that I think is most effective is for parents to remember that teens will rebel, diabetes or not, and trying to prevent that will not likely be successful, said Dr. Marisa Hilliard, a clinical psychologist at Texas Childrens Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine. Instead, find ways to support them and stay involved in diabetes care throughout the teen years.

Parents should do their best to pay attention to what teens are doing right with their diabetes management. If they can get their schoolwork done, maintain friendships and outside interests, and learn to manage their diabetes at the same time, theyre doing many things right. Recognizing and reinforcing all of the hard work teens put into life with diabetes will be more successful than focusing on the problems.

That life should be sacrificed on the altar of diabetes is a misconception, these experts say.

Parents should understand that there is a lot they cannot control, Apperson said. It is not worthwhile for them to expend significant energy on a daily basis making everything secondary to diabetes, with other relationships suffering in terms of spouses, friends and other children in the family.

Nikki Nichols of Richland, whose daughter, Bella, was diagnosed four years ago at age 5, and whose husband also has had type 1 all his life, knows all too well. As much as I may manage her diabetes care and a lot goes into that I am simply the responsible person teaching my child how to properly care for herself, she said. Bella is the one who experiences the effects of a high or low blood sugar episode, who must wear her insulin pump or subject herself to constant needle pokes, who gets stares from other children because they see her checking her blood sugar.

Diabetes burnout is real, Hilliard said, especially in adolescence, and parents should be supportive. With so many demands of life with diabetes, teens get burnt out, so anything the parent can do to help lighten their load, for instance during finals helping them with blood sugar checks or insulin dosing for the week, can make all the difference, she said.

Its important for health care providers to remember that as well, Hilliard said. When you expect teens to be autonomous you will always be disappointed, she said. Diabetes is too much for any one person to manage alone. Give them resources and assistance rather than expecting them to win at a team sport as a single player.

Nichols says her daughter has been champion at this sport.

I do feel like Bella has grown up faster than her peers, and I know that she has days when diabetes pushes its way to the forefront and ruins her day, she said. We all struggle at times, but our overall attitude is that diabetes is just a part of our lives and we arent going to let it drag us down. Bella has been a role model to other kids whove been diagnosed with diabetes, and her tenacity is inspiring.

She is just a normal kid, who happens to be kicking diabetes butt when nobody is looking.

What: The Diabetes Foundation of Mississippis 2017 Super Conference

When: Feb. 18 (registration is at 8 a.m., and sessions will run from 9 a.m. to 12 p.m.)

Where: Marriott Hotel in downtown Jackson

Details: 601-957-7878 or visit msdiabetes.org

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Air Pollution May Raise Risk of Type 2 Diabetes – WebMD

February 12th, 2017 4:50 am

By Robert Preidt

HealthDay Reporter

FRIDAY, Feb. 10, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- High levels of air pollution may increase some Hispanic children's risk of type 2 diabetes, a new study suggests.

"Exposure to heightened air pollution during childhood increases the risk for Hispanic children to become obese and, independent of that, to also develop type 2 diabetes," said study corresponding author Michael Goran. He is co-director of the University of Southern California's Diabetes and Obesity Research Institute.

"Poor air quality appears to be a catalyst for obesity and diabetes in children, but the conditions probably are forged via different pathways," Goran said in a university news release.

For the study, researchers followed 314 overweight or obese Hispanic children in Los Angeles County. The children were between 8 and 15 years old when the study started. None had diabetes.

By the time children who lived in areas with high levels of air pollution turned 18, their insulin-producing pancreatic cells -- called beta cells -- were 13 percent less efficient than normal. Insulin is a hormone that helps maintain appropriate blood sugar levels.

When beta cells stop working as they should, the risk of developing type 2 diabetes rises, the study authors noted in the news release.

Although this study found a link between air pollution and type 2 diabetes risk, it wasn't designed to prove cause and effect. And none of the youngsters developed type 2 diabetes during the study period.

Study senior author Dr. Frank Gilliland is a professor of preventive medicine at USC. "Diabetes is occurring in epidemic proportion in the U.S. and the developed world," he said.

"It has been the conventional wisdom that this increase in diabetes is the result of an uptick in obesity due to sedentary lifespans and calorie-dense diets. Our study shows air pollution also contributes to type 2 diabetes risk," Gilliland said.

Diabetes has quadrupled in the United States in the past four decades, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. If nothing changes, one-third of Americans could have diabetes by 2050, putting them at risk for complications such as blindness, kidney failure, limb amputation or early death, the researchers said.

So, what can parents living in cities do to counteract this potential risk?

Tanya Alderete is the lead author of the study and a post-doctoral research scholar at USC. She acknowledged that it's nearly impossible to avoid pollution.

"Air pollution is ubiquitous, especially in Los Angeles. It's important to consider the factors that you can control -- for example, being aware that morning and evening commute times might not be the best time to go for a run. Change up your schedule so that you're not engaging in strenuous activity near sources of pollutants or during peak hours," she suggested.

The study was published recently in the journal Diabetes.

WebMD News from HealthDay

SOURCE: University of Southern California, news release, Feb. 7, 2017

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Why does type 1 diabetes kill some cells but not others? – Medical … – Medical News Today

February 12th, 2017 4:50 am

Diabetes is a serious disease affecting millions of people in the United States, adults and children alike. While there is yet no cure for diabetes, researchers are gradually learning more about the mechanism behind the illness. New research identifies how insulin-producing cells can change to avoid the autoimmune attack present in type 1 diabetes.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) report that more than 29 million people (or over 9 percent of the population) currently have diabetes in the U.S.

Although type 1 diabetes is the least prevalent - accounting for only 5 percent of diabetes cases - it is not yet known how to prevent the illness.

Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease. The body does not recognize its own insulin-producing beta cells, so the immune system attacks and destroys them as if they were invaders. The body needs insulin to metabolize sugar and turn it into energy.

However, of these beta cells, some manage to survive. In fact, some of the cells persist and proliferate for years after the disease has started.

New research, led by professor of immunobiology Dr. Kevan Herold of Yale University in New Haven, CT, identifies the mechanism that explains how these beta cells survive the immune attack. The study was a collaboration with the Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard.

The findings were published in the journal Cell Metabolism.

The scientists investigated the adaptive changes in beta cells that take place during the immune attack in both mouse models and in human cell culture. They used cyclophosphamide to accelerate the diabetes onset.

Herold and colleagues identified a resistant subpopulation of beta cells in 9-week-old, non-obese diabetic mice. The new subpopulation seems to develop from normal beta cells when they detect infiltration into the islet.

These new cells have a lower granularity, and they develop during the progression of type 1 diabetes.

"During the development of diabetes, there are changes in beta cells so you end up with two populations of beta cells. One population is killed by the immune response. The other population seems to acquire features that render it less susceptible to killing."

Dr. Kevan Herold

The new subpopulation is also less differentiated and displays stem-like properties. Much like stem cells, they have the ability to revert to a previous stage of development that enables them to survive and continue to replicate despite the immune attack.

As the study's senior author explains, these cells "duck and cover" as they develop molecules that inhibit the immune response. Human beta cells were revealed to go through similar changes when the researchers cultured them together with immune cells.

Although the cells do eventually die, the authors explain, the mechanism they uncovered might account for the long-term development of type 1 diabetes.

"Eventually, in [non-obese diabetic] mice as in humans, the majority of - if not all - [beta] cells are destroyed by immune effectors and products. However, the process is protracted. We have identified mechanisms that [beta] cells use to survive. Future studies that can recover mature [beta] cells from the pool of modified cells may identify ways of restoring normal metabolic function together with immune therapy," the authors conclude.

As Herold notes: "The next question is, can we recover these cells so that there is insulin production in someone [with] type 1 diabetes?"

Herold and team intend to conduct clinical trials to test drugs that might have the potential to change this subpopulation of beta cells, and transform it into insulin-producing cells.

Learn how interspecies transplantation may be a viable treatment for type 1 diabetes.

Written by Ana Sandoiu

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Gleason YMCA class aims to prevent diabetes – Wareham Week

February 12th, 2017 4:50 am

By Andrea Ray | Feb 11, 2017

There are currently 680,771 people in Massachusetts with diabetes, according to the American Diabetes Association. Thats 12 percent of Massachusetts adult population - and roughy 162,000 of them havent been diagnosed.

Additionally, 1.7 million people in Massachusetts have been diagnosed with prediabetes - 35 percent of the state's adult population. The disease and its complications, including heart disease, stroke, non-traumatic lower-leg amputation, kidney disease and blindness, costs Massachusetts $8.1 billion every year according to the ADA.

The Diabetes Prevention Program is fighting to change these statistics. The class is a year-long, lifestyle change, according to Dara Midwood, YMCA Southcoast diabetes prevention coordinator. It was introduced to the Southcoast YMCA two years ago.

The goal of the classes, which are held at five of the six Southcoast locations (Swansea, New Bedford, Dartmouth, Wareham and Fall River) is to lower participants body weight by 5-7 percent in the first 16 weeks of the class, and to teach participants better lifestyle habits.

The first 16 weeks, the participants meet for one hour per week with a certified diabetes counselor, who will teach them how to read labels, make healthy choices, and increase their physical activity.

At the end, participants should be able to increase their physical activity to 150 minutes per week. Its not a diet program, Midwood said. We dont say that you cant have it. We explore your options to be able to eat in a healthy manner.

The classes are held in small-group format, where participants can exchange ideas and share problems and successes with others in the same boat. The success of the program is based on people being able to find out what works for them, Midwood explained.

Current program member Christine Schryver showed the group MyFitnessPal, a phone application which breaks down what is in the food you eat, and tracks exercise. She enjoys the supportive small-group atmosphere. Ive done Weight Watchers, Ive tried dieting on my own, she said. This works for me.

The local classes have smashed their goals. The last Wareham class lost an average of 6 percent of their bodyweight in the first 16 weeks. Wareham's program leader, certified lifestyle coach Lu Brito, said one participant in his class lost 46 pounds in that space of time.

"One hundred fifty minutes of walking every week, and developing a maintainable healthy lifestyle. She can still eat mostly what she wants, she just knows how to do it in a healthy manner. Thats all it took.

New classes will begin in March - for more information, inquire with Diabetes Prevention Coordinator Dara Midwood, at 508-996-9622 ext. 141, or ymcadpp@ymcasouthcoast.org.

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How my husband saw blindness as a ‘dark, paradoxical gift’ – The Guardian

February 12th, 2017 4:48 am

Marilyn Hull Like any bereavement, you get the anger and loss. The change in your life is so immense. Photograph: Dave Evitts/Guardian

Two wildly disparate films could be said to frame Marilyn Hulls life with her husband, John. Theres the extraordinary documentary Notes on Blindness, an intimate, highly inventive rendition of Johns experience of losing all vision in his 40s. And then there is the romantic epic Gone with the Wind, which they saw on their first date in 1975.

John Hull, a professor of theology, writer and campaigner, had been Marilyns university tutor when she was training to be a teacher in Birmingham. They lost touch but met again through his Amnesty branch and he asked her if shed like to see a movie. Recalling that trip to the cinema, Marilyn has to suppress rising tears. He had been a brilliant teacher, funny, warm, supportive, inspiring, she says. But he was married with a child, and I was not the type to fall for married men 17 years older than me. But I sensed an enormous vulnerability and a sadness in him. We got out of my car, he took my arm and I realised then that he fancied me. I was surprised at myself and my feelings. I dont know exactly what I felt, but I fell in love between the car park and the cinema door, and that never changed. Itwas cataclysmic.

Marilyn and John, who had a daughter from his first marriage, went on to have four children together. Both were passionately opposed to nuclear proliferation while John was also a key intellectual figure in theological education and the development of multi-faith thinking. He was a campaigner for social justice, right up until his death from pneumonia in July 2015.

For Marilyn, who had only recently retired as a headteacher, his death was devastating and she is still in mourning. She chokes up at odd moments in the supermarket realising that the cheese footballs he alone loved eating no longer need to go in the shopping-basket. She finds it almost impossible to watch Notes on Blindness, completed after his death, without crying.

The film, which has been nominated for three Baftas, draws on Johns audio diary from the first years of his total blindness. There were 16 hours of recordings, published as Touching the Rock in 1990. Oliver Sacks described it as The most extraordinary, precise, deep and beautiful account of blindness I have ever read. Its a book that not only gives a sighted reader vivid insights into the experience of becoming totally blind and learning how to navigate the world anew through sound, memory and touch, but also describes Johns psychological and spiritual struggle to accept what had happened to him.

The filmmakers lip-synched the recordings of Marilyn and Johns voices with two actors playing the couple during the years when John was struggling to come to terms with blindness. It has been exhilarating but emotionally exhausting for her to hear Johns voice throughout the film. I loved seeing the film in French. It was dubbed and it enabled me to get some distance on it.

When the couple met, John had already lost his sight in one eye because of a botched cataract treatment in his childhood in the Australian outback. He had never let his limited vision get in the way of his life and career but when his other eye failed and he became totally blind, it was devastating.

Like any bereavement, you get the anger and loss. The change in your life is so immense, says Marilyn.

In 1980, just days before the birth of their first child, Tom, the couple were told that Johns sight could not be saved. Marilyn remembers John being brought in his pyjamas from the eye hospital to visit her in the maternity ward. Friends and families didnt know whether to congratulate us or commiserate. We had a new baby, and had to work out brailling, white canes, all of that at the same time. That was seared for ever, that strange congruence in life.

Initially, John refused help simply because he was too busy with his work to go on courses. We lived at such a pace. And he couldnt have a dog because he had asthma. But he was so inventive and such a loving, attentive father he would tie a string around his foot and attach it to a crawling baby so he knew where they were. He was terribly independent. He would go out dragging the pushchair behind him to get somewhere and I would think, Oh my God, I hope they both come back safely!

She remembers terrible periods when he distanced himself completely. Not being able to see the children was very painful for him. I was so aware that anyone walking into our house could know our children in ways that John would never know them.

She would suggest that he go to his office and work in familiar and quiet surroundings, and come back when he had centred himself again. Life with John was mainly very joyful, but there were despairing, difficult times when I would wonder whether his blindness would fundamentally change our relationship.

During the early years of his blindness, John struggled to reconcile his dreams richly full of vivid images and his waking life in total darkness. In the book and the film, he describes how deeply troubling it was to accept that his visual memories were slipping away and how he felt it vital to live in a new reality rather than dwell in nostalgia. Eventually, he came to see blindness as a dark, paradoxical gift something people ask Marilyn to explain.

They say, Wouldnt you have loved him to have got his sight back? Of course, of course I would. But the gift is living with what is, rather than dwelling with some other imagined existence. He felt the miracle was renewed consciousness, the idea that you can live with integrity and clarity in what has become in many ways a very different world.

The film reconstructs the nightmarish time when they went to Australia with their young children to stay with Johns parents. Being in his childhood landscape with his mother and father but unable to see them was traumatising. It was the turning point when he was triggered into that new consciousness, when he decided, Right, I am not going to live in the world of images. I am going to live in a world where the whole category of appearance is meaningless to me. That photograph which I thought I would have forever in my heart, I have to forget. And if you love someone you have to say, Yes, of course I understand and respect that; you must go into that other world where I cannot follow. It was so hard not being able to alleviate the suffering, that he had to work through it all on his own.

The couple got back on the plane and just said to each other, We will never be able to go back. The time in Australia had not only tormented him psychologically but also worsened his chronic lung condition.

John was determined to be as independent as possible. He wrote: The moment I sink into passivity, I am done for. He had a relentless desire to get the most out of life but you cant multi-task and rush when you are blind and Marilyn, naturally impatient, realised that she too needed to adjust.

Sometimes with John youd think hed want you to back off; other times youd realise he was irritated because no one had told him the difference between the trifle and the cheese souffle. Not only was he a brilliant teacher at work, but he was also a brilliant teacher for sighted people, so people were comfortable in his presence.

She recalls her own anger though when strangers stared at him. At first Id be so irritated by them. I dont mind children staring, they dont know any better, but youd go into a restaurant and people would stare and stare. Id just stare back. Often people would talk to her in front of him as if he wasnt able to hear and she giggles remembering the time she waited silently beside him at a railway station ticket office until the seller finally asked John directly what he required.

When James Spinney and Peter Middleton first approached the couple in 2010 about making a film based on Johns audiotapes, they were intrigued. Its so counterintuitive, a film about blindness. John was not an attention-seeker but he was an extremely gifted public speaker. And James and Peter were so respectful and were the same age as our children and were so carefulto get it right emotionally. They kept checking with us. By the end youfelt they knew our lives better than we did.

Spinney recalls. Wed travel every few months to record interviews with them, revisiting the audio-cassette recordings that they kept in the years after John became blind. We were conscious that at times this was a painful undertaking. John likened it to reopening an old wound that had long since healed. They approached this with such honesty and generosity, which made the making of the film a very collaborative process. And over time it developed into a friendship, one that we feel very lucky to have had.

Marilyn feels that John would have been intrigued by the finished film and appreciated the innovative versions with enhanced audio descriptions for people with sight loss and the virtual reality companion piece.

But would he want Notes on Blindness to be his sole legacy? No, he was always interested in influencing the churchs political attitude, in his students development and protesting about Trident. Never was there a person who so fitted Dylan Thomas valediction: Do not go gentle into that good night. He was tweeting so ferociously in his final months, it seemed that the political pressures of the world were coming at him like fireworks, he was somebody who with their last breath was saying, What more can we do in this world?

It is less than two years since Johns death, and Marilyn still instinctively reaches her hand across the bed when she wakes. When she took his ashes to Australia, she found a photograph from their early days as a couple. Id never seen it before. I thought, this is the most important photograph of my life and I didnt know it existed. Its rare to get photos of people looking at each other intensely, staring into each others eyes, deeply in love. Its an intimate moment and theres usually nobody there to take it. Its just a tiny snap and I cannot publish it anywhere. Its that moment of beholding that we both lost.

Notes on Blindness will be on BBC4 on 16 February, 9pm. Notes on Blindness: A journey through the dark is published by Profile, 8.99. The VR companion film is free to get

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80% of the world’s blindness is preventable. This hardware is fighting it in 26 countries – The Express Tribune

February 12th, 2017 4:48 am

KC never set out to build a healthcare startup. An avid reader and cricket fan, K. Chandrasekhar known to colleagues as KC was working in the semiconductor industry years ago when he visited a hospital and discovered how big a problem preventable blindness was: around the world, 80 percent of blindness is preventable.

Blindness takes a toll on families too, he explains. The affected individuals responsibilities may include earning for the household, taking care of elderly parents, and looking after children.

This Pakistani startup is helping increase worker incomes by 400%

KC, an IIM-Calcutta alum, says the number of eye doctors in India now is closer to 20,000, but they still cant cater to everyone who needs eye care. Thats where he thinks technology can help, especially when a majority of blindness cases in the country 75 percent, or over 11 million in 2007 are preventable if causes like cataracts or glaucoma are caught early.

A Solution

In 2009, KC and Shyam Vasudev began work on healthtech hardware startup Forus Health. The Bangalore-based company has four products that range from US$4,000 to US$50,000. The 3Nethra classic is a small, portable digital imaging device. Itll take, store, and transmit pictures of the front and back of the human eye that help carry out a routine eye exam. It can detect problems like cataracts, glaucoma, diabetic retinas, problems with the cornea, and refractive errors all contributors to blindness that can be treated if caught early. Unlike other eye exams, the 3Nethra classic does not require pupil dilatation.

PHOTO: FORUS HEALTH

The 3Nethra Flora is a non-contact eye scanner that works with pupil dilation. It takes more in-depth pictures, including the layout of blood and lymph vessels in the eye.

Detection of eye issues in children, especially younger children who cant always communicate whether a lens prescription is correct, can be difficult. For younger or non-cooperative patients, Forus Health has the 3Nethra Kiddo, which helps detect refractive errors in eye patients. Refractive errors like nearsightedness or farsightedness occur when the eye is misshapen, causing light to bend differently around the eye. The 3Nethra Neo takes pictures of infant retinas to help diagnose and monitor diseases and disorders.

Forus Healths devices have been installed in nearly 1,400 places in 26 countries, including the US and countries in Europe and Asia. In April 2012, the startup raised US$5 million in series A funding from Accel Partners and IDG Ventures. Two years later, it bagged US$8.2 million in series B funding from Asian Health Fund, Accel Partners, and IDG Ventures.

Tackling Prevention

KC and his team now 125 people faced several of the problems other medical hardware makers come across. The product needs to be effective and cost-efficient enough to convince doctors, but also must appeal to the average patient, who doesnt have enough time to take off work unless theres something already wrong. Convincing those patients of the value-add of preventative care like eye screenings can be difficult..

PHOTO: FORUS HEALTH

The hardest thing is actually making people have a behavioral change, he tells Tech in Asia.

This Pakistani startup is revolutionising the way people travel

The argument for preventative care is simple spend a little time and money examining and monitoring your health now, and youre likely to catch problems early. Treatment for problems caught early will cost much less. Thats why Forus Healths flagship product the 3Nethra Classic doesnt require pupil dilation. The test can be done in five minutes, and the person can go straight back to work instead of waiting hours for his or her pupils to return to normal size.

It also needs to be user-friendly a lot of medical equipment is bulky and made for use in a hospital, but for the technology to work outside of cities, it has to be small, portable, and cost-efficient.

It took the company around 18 months to develop its first products; it would be three years before the team reached a satisfactory model.

Other startups working with low-cost healthcare hardware include Stasis Labs, Medaino, andTen3T.

Now, the startups focus is on expansion into other countries, something that KC mentions has always been their goal: if preventable blindness is a worldwide problem, the same goes for the companys focus.

This article originally appeared on Tech in Asia.

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The dangers of snow blindness | WWLP.com – wwlp.com

February 12th, 2017 4:48 am

SPRINGFIELD, Mass. (WWLP) After the snowstorm Thursday it was a nice winters day, with the sun shining down on the new white snow, but the reflection of the sunshine off the fresh snow could lead to problems with your vision.

One thing is snow blindness which is ultraviolet damage from reflections off the bright snow. Were relatively closer to sea level so its not as common here as if youre at altitude people who are mountaineering will get this a lot more, said Dr. James Rosenthal an ophthalmologist in Springfield.

Snow blindness occurs as a result of a burn to the clear front surface of the eye known as the cornea. Symptoms can include pain, redness, hazy vision and even a temporary loss of vision.

You can treat it with lubrication and in a mild case you can just go to the drug store get artificial tear preparation in a more severe case a patient may need to be patched with topical ointments.

The term used to describe the amount of sunlight reflected by snow is known as albedo. The albedo will be higher for new fresh white snow and it will be lower for older dirty snow.

The albedo of snow drops quickly after a storm due to sand and salt from the roads and pollutants in the air.

To protect yourself from snow blindness you should wear sunglasses or a hat with a brim.

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