StemCell Therapy

Preventive Medicine is the specialty of medical practice that focuses on the health of individuals, communities, and defined populations. Its goal is to protect, promote, and maintain health and well-being and to prevent disease, disability, and death. Preventive medicine specialists have core competencies in biostatistics, epidemiology, environmental and occupational medicine, planning and evaluation of health services, management of health care organizations, research into causes of disease and injury in population groups, and the practice of prevention in clinical medicine. They apply knowledge and skills gained from the medical, social, economic, and behavioral sciences. Preventive medicine has three specialty areas with common core knowledge, skills, and competencies that emphasize different populations, environments, or practice settings: aerospace medicine, occupational medicine, and public health and general preventive medicine.

Aerospace medicine focuses on the clinical care, research, and operational support of the health, safety, and performance of crewmembers and passengers of air and space vehicles, together with the support personnel who assist operation of such vehicles. This population often works and lives in remote, isolated, extreme, or enclosed environments under conditions of physical and psychological stress. Practitioners strive for an optimal human-machine match in occupational settings rich with environmental hazards and engineering countermeasures.

Occupational medicine focuses on the health of workers, including the ability to perform work; the physical, chemical, biological, and social environments of the workplace; and the health outcomes of environmental exposures. Practitioners in this field address the promotion of health in the work place, and the prevention and management of occupational and environmental injury, illness, and disability.

Public health and general preventive medicine focuses on promoting health, preventing disease, and managing the health of communities and defined populations. These practitioners combine population-based public health skills with knowledge of primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention-oriented clinical practice in a wide variety of settings.

The purpose of the American Board of Preventive Medicine is::

The American Board of Preventive Medicine, Incorporated (ABPM) is a member board of the American Board of Medical Specialties. ABPM originated from recommendations of a joint committee comprised of representatives from the Section of Preventive and Industrial Medicine and Public Health of the American Medical Association and the Committee on Professional Education of the American Public Health Association. The Board was incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware on June 29, 1948 as "The American Board of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Incorporated."

In 1952 the name was changed to The American Board of Preventive Medicine, Incorporated. In February 1953 the Advisory Board of Medical Specialties and the Council on Medical Education and Hospitals of the American Medical Association authorized certification by the Board of preventive medicine specialists in Aviation Medicine (the name was changed to Aerospace Medicine in 1963); in June 1955, preventive medicine specialists in Occupational Medicine; in November 1960, preventive medicine specialists in General Preventive Medicine; and in 1983, Public Health and General Preventive Medicine were combined into one specialty area of certification. In 1989 the American Board of Preventive Medicine was approved to offer a subspecialty certificate in Undersea Medicine (the name was changed to Undersea and Hyperbaric Medicine in 1999), in 1992 a subspecialty certificate in Medical Toxicology, and in 2010 a subspecialty certificate in Clinical Informatics.

The Board is a non-profit corporation, and no member (officer or director) may receive any salary or compensation for services. The Board consists of members nominated by the organizations listed below:

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American Board of Preventive Medicine - a Member Board ...

Companion Diagnostics are the Key to Personalized Medicine for Cancer

Personalized medicine -- also known as targeted medicine or precision medicine -- is a rapidly-evolving area of healthcare in which treatment for a medical condition such as cancer is tailored to the individual patient and his or her biology. There should be no one-size-fits-all approach to medicine. The goal of personalized medicine is to prescribe the right medicine to the right patient at the right time and avoid the trial-and-error treatment paradigm.

If, for example, a woman has ovarian cancer caused by a genetic mutation, personalized medicine may enable her to be treated with a chemotherapy shown to be effective in individuals with that specific mutation.1

Companion diagnostics are the medical tests that make personalized medicine possible. Designed to be paired with a specific drug, companion diagnostics help healthcare professionals determine which patients could be helped by that drug and which patients would not benefit, or could even be harmed.

Unlike other laboratory developed tests, companion diagnostic tests are reviewed and approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), which is the gold standard for ensuring safety, effectiveness and quality. FDA approval gives physicians confidence they are receiving the highest quality test result on a consistent basis.

BRACAnalysis CDx is an FDA-approved companion diagnostic that helps to identify women with advanced ovarian cancer with germline BRCA1/2 mutations who have completed three or more lines of chemotherapy and might benefit from treatment with Lynparza (olaparib).

Myriad myChoice HRD is a tumor tissue test that measures deficiencies in the DNA-repair mechanism of cancer cells and may help identify more of the cancer patients who are most likely to benefit from certain types of DNA-damaging chemotherapy agents.

Personalized medicine is the future of healthcare, not just for cancer, but for disease in general. Companion diagnostics will be critical tools that all physicians will need in their toolbox as healthcare moves forward. In addition to cancer, companion diagnostics hold promise in the treatment of other chronic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, other autoimmune disorders and diabetes.

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Personalized Medicine and Cancer Companion Diagnostics

While some researchers still claim that embryonic stem cells (ESCs) offer the best hope for treating many debilitating diseases, there is now a great deal of evidence contrary to that theory. Use of stem cells obtained by destroying human embryos is not only unethical but presents many practical obstacles as well.

"Major roadblocks remain before human embryonic stem cells could be transplanted into humans to cure diseases or replace injured body parts, a research pioneer said Thursday night. University of Wisconsin scientist James Thomson said obstacles include learning how to grow the cells into all types of organs and tissue and then making sure cancer and other defects are not introduced during the transplantation. 'I don't want to sound too pessimistic because this is all doable, but it's going to be very hard,' Thomson told the Wisconsin Newspaper Association's annual convention at the Kalahari Resort in this Wisconsin Dells town. 'Ultimately, those transplation therapies should work but it's likely to take a long time.'....Thomson cautioned such breakthroughs are likely decades away."

-Associated Press reporter Ryan J. Foley "Stem cell pioneer warns of roadblocks before cures," San Jose Mercury News Online, posted on Feb. 8, 2007, http://www.mercurynews.com/mld/mercurynews/16656570.htm

***

"Although embryonic stem cells have the broadest differentiation potential, their use for cellular therapeutics is excluded for several reasons: the uncontrollable development of teratomas in a syngeneic transplantation model, imprinting-related developmental abnormalities, and ethical issues."

-Gesine Kgler et al., "A New Human Somatic Stem Cell from Placental Cord Blood with Intrinsic Pluripotent Differentiation Potential," Journal of Experimental Medicine, Vol. 200, No. 2 (July 19, 2004), p. 123.

***

From a major foundation promoting research in pancreatic islet cells and other avenues for curing juvenile diabetes:

"Is the use of embryonic stem cells close to being used to provide a supply of islet cells for transplantation into humans?

"No. The field of embryonic stem cells faces enormous hurtles to overcome before these cells can be used in humans. The two key challenges to overcome are making the stem cells differentiate into specific viable cells consistently, and controlling against unchecked cell division once transplanted. Solid data of stable, functioning islet cells from embryonic stems cells in animals has not been seen."

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Practical Problems with Embryonic Stem Cells

By Dr. Mercola

Researchers have learned that circadian rhythmsthe 24-hour cycles known as your internal body clockare involved in everything from sleep to weight gain, mood disorders, and a variety of diseases.

Your body actually has many internal clocksin your brain, lungs, liver, heart and even your skeletal musclesand they all work to keep your body running smoothly by controlling temperature and the release of hormones.

It's well known that lack of sleep can increase your chances of getting sick. A new study shows just how direct that connection is.

The research found that the circadian clocks of mice control an essential immune system gene that helps their bodies sense and ward off bacteria and viruses. When levels of that particular gene, called toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9), were at their highest, the mice were better able to withstand infections.

Interestingly, when the researchers induced sepsis, the severity of the disease was dependent on the timing of the induction. Severity directly correlated with cyclical changes in TLR9.

According to the authors, this may help explain why septic patients are known to be at higher risk of dying between the hours of 2 am and 6 am.

Furthermore, they also discovered that when mice were vaccinated when TLR9 was peaking, they had an enhanced immune response to the vaccine. The researchers believe vaccine effectiveness could be altered depending on the time of day the vaccination is administered...

According to study author Erol Fikrig, professor of epidemiology at the Yale School of Medicinei:

"These findings not only unveil a novel, direct molecular link between circadian rhythms and the immune system, but also open a new paradigm in the biology of the overall immune response with important implications for the prevention and treatment of disease. Furthermore, patients in the ICU often have disturbed sleep patterns, due to noise, nocturnal light exposure and medications; it will be important to investigate how these factors influence TLR9 expression levels and immune responses."

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How Sleeping Can Affect Your Immune System

If you read my previous post on the role of cognitive assessment in identifying uniqueness, youll know that Ive worked with a lot of folks who suffer from severe difficulties recognizing faces: a condition known as prosopagnosia or face blindness.

I get a lot of emails from people who take the face recognition tests on TestMyBrain.organd want to know what sorts of experiences might indicate that someone has face blindness. If you suspect you have face blindness, you may find you identify with some or many of the experiences below.

7 signs and symptoms of face blindness / prosopagnosia The list was compiled with the help of the Yahoo Faceblind group.

Face recognition tests like this one can sometimes help identify a face recognition problem. However, please note that some people with face blindness still score well on these sorts of tests! We are only beginning to understand the differences in visual perception and memory that might contribute to face blindness, and there are likely many types of face recognition problems that our tests simply dont tap into.

I hope this list is helpful to some of you, or at least thought-provoking. Ive tried to keep it simple, but if there is anything youd like to share please feel free to leave a comment!

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Do you suffer from face blindness? Seven signs and ...

Hemolysins or haemolysins are lipids and proteins that cause lysis of red blood cells by destroying their cell membrane. Although the lytic activity of some microbe-derived hemolysins on red blood cells may be of great importance for nutrient acquisition, many hemolysins produced by pathogens do not cause significant destruction of red blood cells during infection. Although hemolysins are capable of doing this for red blood cells in vitro.

As mentioned above, most hemolysins are protein compounds, but others are lipids biosurfactants.[1]

Many bacteria produce hemolysins that can be detected in the laboratory. It is now believed that many clinically relevant fungi also produce hemolysins.[2] Hemolysins can be identified by their ability to lyse red blood cells in vitro.

Not only are the erythrocytes affected by hemolysins, but there are also some effects among other blood cells, such as leucocytes (white blood cells). Escherichia coli hemolysin is potentially cytotoxic to monocytes, lymphocytes and macrophages, leading them to autolysis and death.

Visualization of hemolysis (UK: haemolysis) of red blood cells in agar plates facilitates the categorization of Streptococcus.

In the next image we can see the process of hemolysis by a Streptococcus:

One way hemolysin lyses erythrocytes is by forming pores in phospholipid bilayers.[3][4] Other hemolysins lyse erythrocytes by hydrolyzing the phospholipids in the bilayer.

Due to the importance of hemolysins and the formation of pores, this part looks forward to enhance some more aspects of the process. Many hemolysins are pore-forming toxins (PFT), which are able to cause the lysis of erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets by producing pores on the cytoplasmic membrane.

But, in which way does this kind of protein carry out this process?

Hemolysin is normally secreted by the bacteria in a water-resoluble way. These monomers diffuse to the target cells and are attached to them by specific receivers. After this is already done, they oligomerize, creating ring-shaped heptamer complexes.[5]

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Hemolysin - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Arthritis & Rheumatism Associates, P.C., is the largest Rheumatology practice in the Washington, D.C., area. For more than 30 years, the group has served this community and has been dedicated to the diagnosis and treatment of persons with disorders of the joints, muscles, tendons, and other connective tissue. Our practice has treatment centers in Wheaton, Rockville, Chevy Chase and Olney, Maryland, and in Northwest Washington, DC.

Our practice integrates excellent medical care with comprehensive services. We maintain a full-service laboratory, x-ray facilities, a physical therapy division, four centers for the diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis and four infusion centers. We offer patients the opportunity to access the most recent and innovative technologies by maintaining an active clinical research program that participates in national trials to evaluate new medications for the treatment of arthritis, osteoporosis, and a variety of rheumatic diseases. VIEW PHYSICIAN BIOS>

The Center for Rheumatology and Bone Research is a division of Arthritis and Rheumatism Associates, a 15-physician rheumatology practice. The Center was developed to give our patients access to the most recent therapies for the treatment of rheumatic diseases through participation in clinical trials. We began running clinical trials in 1982 and have since participated in the evaluation of new agents for Rheumatoid Arthritis, Osteoarthritis, Osteoporosis, Sjgrenssyndrome, Fibromyalgia,tendinitisand Ankylosing Spondylitis. We remain committed to the evaluation of investigational treatments for all of the rheumatic diseases. Our research center is located in Wheaton, MD, on the grounds of Westfield Shoppingtown Wheaton. The Center is easily accessible by car, bus or subway.

> Viewthe Locations page for new address

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Award-Winning Arthritis & Rheumatology Practice | ARAPC

Currently, all the full-time physicians in the Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Nutrition are involved in some form of medical research or scholarship, and a third of them have major commitments to laboratory-based research. The research performed within the group varies widely in both type and topic.

The types of research span a continuum from basic science to clinical investigation to new drug trials, and Mayo Clinic has many ways for you to support its research into diseases of the endocrine system.

Mayo Clinic has a long and strong history in endocrine research. Several past and current presidents of national and international endocrine societies have been on the Mayo Clinic staff.

In 1914, Dr. Edward Kendall first purified and structurally identified thyroxine, the principal thyroid hormone. Subsequently, in 1950, he received the Nobel Prize for identifying, isolating and synthesizing adrenocortical steroids including cortisone and introducing them as anti-inflammatory agents for the treatment of arthritis, adrenal insufficiency and other such disorders.

In addition to the activities of the full-time staff, the Division supports an extensive training program in Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism Research.

The Endocrinology Fellowship Program in the Mayo School of Graduate Medical Education is designed to prepare you for the broad practice of this subspecialty by providing excellent, well-rounded training in clinical and research endocrinology.

Philanthropy provides essential support for endocrine research. Read about how your gift can advance the discovery of endocrinology-related treatments.

.

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Research - Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism ...

Genetic engineering is the process of removing a gene from one organism and putting it into another. Often, the removed genes are put into bacteria or yeast cells so that scientists can study the gene or the protein it produces more easily. Sometimes, genes are put into a plant or an animal.

One of the first genetic engineering advances involved the hormone insulin. Diabetes, a medical condition that affects millions of people, prevents the body from producing enough insulin necessary for cells to properly absorb sugar. Diabetics used to be treated with supplementary insulin isolated from pigs or cows. Although this insulin is very similar to human insulin, it is not identical. Bovine insulin is antigenic in humans. Antibodies produced against it would gradually destroy its efficacy.

Scientists got around the problem by putting the gene for human insulin into bacteria. The bacteria's cellular machinery, which is identical to the cellular machinery of all living things, "reads" the gene, and turns it into a protein-human insulin-through a process called translation.

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Interactives . DNA . Genetic Engineering

Contact A Well Regarded Leaking Taps Plumber For Your Northern Suburbs Pipe Relining Job

As homeowners, we are occasionally delusional in regards to the reality of having a property, of our situation. We think that simply because a home might look beautiful the pipes isnt likely to break down. But here is the complete wrong method because things do occur every so often, to think and plumbing repairs do []

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Biotechnology

Osteoarthritis (OA) also known as degenerative arthritis, degenerative joint disease, or osteoarthrosis, is a type of joint disease that results from breakdown of joint cartilage and underlying bone.[1] The most common symptoms are joint pain and stiffness. Initially, symptoms may occur only following exercise, but over time may become constant. Other symptoms may include joint swelling, decreased range of motion, and when the back is affected weakness or numbness of the arms and legs. The most commonly involved joints are those near the ends of the fingers, at the base of the thumb, neck, lower back, knees, and hips. Joints on one side of the body are often more affected than those on the other. Usually the problems come on over years. It can affect work and normal daily activities. Unlike other types of arthritis, only the joints are typically affected.[2]

Causes include previous joint injury, abnormal joint or limb development, and inherited factors. Risk is greater in those who are overweight, have one leg of a different length, and have jobs that result in high levels of joint stress.[2][3] Osteoarthritis is believed to be caused by mechanical stress on the joint and low grade inflammatory processes.[4] It develops as cartilage is lost with eventually the underlying bone becoming affected.[2] As pain may make it difficult to exercise, muscle loss may occur.[3][5] Diagnosis is typically based on signs and symptom with medical imaging and other tests occasionally used to either support or rule out other problems. Unlike in rheumatoid arthritis, which is primarily an inflammatory condition, the joints do not typically become hot or red.[2]

Treatment includes exercise, efforts to decrease joint stress, support groups, and pain medications. Efforts to decrease joint stress include resting, the use of a cane, and braces. Weight loss may help in those who are overweight. Pain medications may include paracetamol (acetaminophen). If this does not work NSAIDs such as naproxen may be used but these medications are associated with greater side effects. Opioids if used are generally only recommended short term due to the risk of addiction.[2] If pain interferes with normal life despite other treatments, joint replacement surgery may help. An artificial joint, however, only lasts a limited amount of time.[3] Outcomes for most people with osteoarthritis are good.[2]

OA is the most common form of arthritis with disease of the knee and hip affecting about 3.8% of people as of 2010.[2][6] Among those over 60 years old about 10% of males and 18% of females are affected.[3] It is the cause of about 2% of years lived with disability.[6] In Australia about 1.9 million people are affected,[7] and in the United States about 27 million people are affected.[2] Before 45 years of age it is more common in men, while after 45 years of age it is more common in women. It becomes more common in both sexes as people become older.[2]

The main symptom is pain, causing loss of ability and often stiffness. "Pain" is generally described as a sharp ache or a burning sensation in the associated muscles and tendons. OA can cause a crackling noise (called "crepitus") when the affected joint is moved or touched and people may experience muscle spasms and contractions in the tendons. Occasionally, the joints may also be filled with fluid.[8] Some people report increased pain associated with cold temperature, high humidity, and/or a drop in barometric pressure, but studies have had mixed results.[9]

OA commonly affects the hands, feet, spine, and the large weight bearing joints, such as the hips and knees, although in theory, any joint in the body can be affected. As OA progresses, the affected joints appear larger, are stiff and painful, and usually feel better with gentle use but worse with excessive or prolonged use, thus distinguishing it from rheumatoid arthritis.

In smaller joints, such as at the fingers, hard bony enlargements, called Heberden's nodes (on the distal interphalangeal joints) and/or Bouchard's nodes (on the proximal interphalangeal joints), may form, and though they are not necessarily painful, they do limit the movement of the fingers significantly. OA at the toes leads to the formation of bunions, rendering them red or swollen. Some people notice these physical changes before they experience any pain.

OA is the most common cause of a joint effusion of the knee.[10]

Damage from mechanical stress with insufficient self repair by joints is believed to be the primary cause of osteoarthritis.[11] Sources of this stress may include misalignments of bones caused by congenital or pathogenic causes; mechanical injury; excess body weight; loss of strength in the muscles supporting a joint; and impairment of peripheral nerves, leading to sudden or uncoordinated movements.[11] However exercise, including running in the absence of injury, has not been found to increase the risk.[12] Nor has cracking one's knuckles been found to play a role.[13]

A number of studies have shown that there is a greater prevalence of the disease among siblings and especially identical twins, indicating a hereditary basis.[14] Although a single factor is not generally sufficient to cause the disease, about half of the variation in susceptibility has been assigned to genetic factors.[15]

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Osteoarthritis - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Stem Cell MX is dedicated to providing COPD and heart disease patients with information about stem cell therapy at Angeles Health International, Mexicos largest private hospital network.

Stem Cell Therapy is a fast growing area of medical research. Research into how stem cells can cure a number of conditions has been extensive over the past 3 decades and here at Stem Cell MX we are proud to be at the forefront of breakthrough discoveries and treatments. We dedicate ourselves to providing you with information about Stem Cells and what they can do for you.

At Stem Cell MX we can use Stem Cell therapy to treat 11 core treatable conditions including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), heart conditions and joint conditions, such as osteoarthritis. We use two types of stem cell programs; autologous, meaning that we use your own stem cells, and allogeneic, where we use donated adult stem cells from one of the best labs in the world.

Stem cell research has had bad press over the years due to the misconception that Stem Cells can only come from embryos. This isnt true. Here at Stem Cell MX we only use Adult Stem Cells which have been harvested from either the donor or the patients themselves.

If you want to find out more about stem cell therapy with no obligation then contact us today. Our stem cell clinical trials are based on thirty years of research and clinical experience conducted by leading researchers and clinicians in Europe and the United States.

To find out the basics about stem cells read An Introduction to Stem Cells

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Stem Cell Therapy in Mexico

You may get your hair color from your fathers side of the family and your great math skills from your mother. These traits are in the genes, so to speak. Likewise, longevity tends to run in familiesyour genetic make-up plays an important role in how you age. You can see evidence of this genetic connection in families with siblings who live into their 90s or families that have generation after generation of centenarians. These long-lived families are the basis for many genetic studies.

Identifying the genes associated with any trait is difficult. First, just locating the gene requires a detailed understanding of the trait, including knowledge of most, if not all, of the contributing factors and pathways related to that trait. Second, scientists must have clear ways of determining whether the gene suspected to have a relationship with the trait has a direct, indirect, or even no effect on that trait.

Identifying longevity genes is even more complex than determining genes for height or hair color, for example. Scientists do not know all the factors and pathways that contribute to longevity, and measuring a genes effect on long-lived animals, including humans, would literally take a lifetime! Instead, scientists have identified hundreds of genes that affect longevity in short-lived animal models, like worms and flies. Not all of these genes promote long life. Sometimes mutating or eliminating a gene increases lifespan, suggesting that the normal function of the gene limits longevity. Findings in animal models point to places for scientists to look for the genes that may influence longevity in humans.

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Biology of Aging | National Institute on Aging

The decision to seek treatment overseas is not easy. The concerns are huge: How will the quality compare? Will they be able to understand me? What happens if there are complications? These are issues that face every patient, regardless of whether you go to your local hospital or across the world. Initially what made medical travel appealing is that the costs are often times significant (maybe 80% less than in the US). Now, however, it is not just about cost. It is about quality care. Learn Mo...

Many inbound tourists travel to Peru for dental treatments, plastic surgery, laser operations and fertility treatments. The vast majority of Perus medical tourism infrastructure is located in Lima. One area in which Peru excels is the access to regenerative, stem cell-based medicine. Learn More Contact us and let us know how we can help you Medical Disclaimer Medical information or statements made within this site are not intended for use in or as a substitute for the diagnos...

Peru is noted for having one of the finest physicians treating Parkinson's disease. Using astem cell therapies that utilizes bone marrow from the patient and a intricate application directly into the patient using precision guided catheterization, this procedures has been embraced by hundreds of patients worldwide. Contact us and let us know how we can help you Medical Disclaimer Medical information or statements made within this site are not intended for use in or as a s...

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stem cell research. | Medical Tourism in Peru

History Of Stem Cell Therapy In The Philippines So what are the benefits of cloning? Cloning can be used to: Produce embryonic stem cells in large quantities ;; Autologous Stem Cell Therapy Side Effects The Pros and Cons of Stem Cell Therapy for COPD About.com While autologous stem cell treatment without manipulation

Wagga woman Amanda Norman has returned from her trip to undergo stem cell therapy to treat her multiple sclerosis. The radical treatment took 35 days in Russias capital Moscow under the guidance of Dr

Society and Biotechnology Stem Cell Technology Viruses, Vaccines and does not necessarily have to have a causal relationship with this treatment.

Has Biomedical Research Become Less Reliable? Irreproducibility Recently, Japanese stem cell researcher Hisashi Moriguchi was found to be lying In fact, there was no treatment of any patients and the University of Tokyo, project is to clone a wooly mammoth in collaboration with Russian scientists,

Janell Carlson receives immunoglobulin, whose effectiveness she sees ebbing. Shes opted to seek a $43,500 stem cell treatment in Russia. BILL ALKOFER, STAFF PHOTOGRAPHER Janell Carlson will land Thursday

Jeff Albring steadies the head of his son Nathaniel, 12, who is secured in a machine designed to move his muscles, at their home in Delta, Ohio. Nathaniel has anoxic enceph-alopathy. THE BLADE/KATIE RAUSCH Enlarge | Buy This Photo DELTA, Ohio

Lemon (Citrus) is a miraculous product to kill cancer cells. type of therapy with lemon extract only destroys malignant cancer cells and it does not Arguments for and Against Embryonic Stem Cell Research Can You Catch AIDS From a

Authorities are warning of the risks of unproven stem cell treatments available in Australia and overseas after the death of an Australian woman in Russia. Brisbane mother-of-two Kellie van Meurs travelled to Moscow for treatment for a rare neurological

Stem cell therapies high market potential is based on their unique ability to offer curative treatment in comparison to the symptomatic treatment offered by conventional treatments. From a commercial perspective, many diseases that arise as a result of

Dec 15, 2014 Fractures & Dislocations Information About Treatment of Broken Bones type of electrical stimulation seems to cause bone cells to proliferate.

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Stem Cell Treatment In Russia | Stem Cell Medical Breakthrough

Human Stem Cells Institute Public Tradedas MCX:ISKJ Industry Biotech Research and Pharmaceutical Founded 2003(2003) Headquarters Moscow, Russia

Key people

Human Stem Cells Institute OJSC (HSCI) ( or ) is a Russian public biotech company founded in 2003. HSCI engages in R&D as well as commercialization and marketing of innovative proprietary products and services in the areas of cell-based, gene and post-genome technologies. HSCI aims to foster a new culture of medical care developing new health care opportunities in such areas as personalized and preventive medicine.

Today, HSCIs projects encompass the five main focus areas of modern biomedical technologies: regenerative medicine, bio-insurance, medical genetics, gene therapy, biopharmaceuticals (within the international project SynBio).

HSCI owns the largest family cord blood stem cell bank in Russia Gemabank, as well as the reproductive cell and tissue bank Reprobank (personal storage, donation).

The Company launched Neovasculgen, the first-in-class gene-therapy drug for treating Peripheral Arterial Disease, including Critical Limb Ischemia, and also introduced the innovative cell technology SPRS-therapy, which entails the use of autologous dermal fibroblasts to repair skin damage due to aging and other structural changes.

HSCI is implementing a socially significant project to create its own Russia-wide network of Genetico medical genetics centers to provide genetic diagnostics and consulting services for monogenic inherited diseases as well as multifactorial disorders (Ethnogene, PGD and other services).

The Company actively promotes its products on the Russian market and intends to open new markets throughout the world.

HSCI is listed on the Innovation & Investment Market (iIM) of the Moscow Exchange (ticker ISKJ). The Company conducted its IPO in December 2009, becoming the first Russian biotech company to go public.

In 2003, the Human Stem Cells Institute and Gemabank were established.[1] Over the next few years, the Company increased its client base while expanding its technological abilities. In 2008, HSCI gained a blocking stake in the German biotech company, SymbioTec GmbH, which owns international patents for a new generation of drugs to treat cancer and infectious diseases. In 2009, HSCI successfully raised RUB 142.5 million in an IPO on MICEX and became the first publicly traded biotech company in Russia.[2] The Company continued to expand in 2010, when it gained a 50% stake in Hemafund, Ukraines largest family cord blood bank. In 2011, HSCI initiated the SynBio Project, as a long-term partnership with RUSNANO (a state-owned fund for supporting nanotechnologies) and some major R&D companies from Russia and Europe including Pharmsynthez, Xenetic Biosciences and SymbioTec (which was acquired by Xenetic Biosciences pursuant to the SynBio project agreement ).[3] The project is founded on strong principles of international scientific cooperation, as participating research centers are found in England, Germany, and Russia.[4]

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Human Stem Cells Institute - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

By Mathew Lyson, on July 27th, 2015

Quacks and Consequences: The Problems With Alternative Treatment Mar 17, 2015 stem cell therapy you have to travel out of the country for this expensive, dangerous, and unproven therapy, often to Mexico or Panama, etc.

Cassie Wallace said a big part of giving Easton the best life possible is taking him to Panama to receive stem cell therapy. It costs $20,000 per treatment and is not covered insurance. His first treatment was last

Multiple Sclerosis Drugs Exploring Your Options Treatments for Dec 15, 2014 It is just since the mid-1990s that there has been any treatment for by reducing the immune response that can attack nerve cells in your body.

Jan 31, 2014 Services Provided: Substance abuse treatment, Halfway house. Type of Care: Residential long-term treatment (more than 30 days)

Stem Cell Therapy Nerve Regeneration Researchers have identified a promising stem cell based-therapy to address the chronic pain that affects more than one-third of

Adult stem cell treatments are now a reality in Panama. They are being used clinically to treat many diseases. Dr. Jorge Paz Rodriguez, aging cannot be prevented

On June 7, the Whites will leave Bangor en route to Panama so Connor can take part in an exciting, but highly experimental, stem cell therapy to treat his autism. That treatment, said Rachel, involves doctors from the U.S. and around the world, and it will

Cassie Wallace said a big part of giving Easton the best life possible is taking him to Panama to receive stem cell therapy. It costs $20,000 per treatment and is not covered insurance. His first treatment was last

Indiana drug and alcohol treatment centers and substance abuse services.

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Stem Cell Treatment In Panama | Stem Cell Medical Breakthrough

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 Aug 15; 97(17): 95559560.

Immunology

Departments of *Medicine and Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305

Contributed by Irving L. Weissman

Engraftment of allogeneic bone marrow (BM) has been shown to induce tolerance to organs genotypically matched with the BM donor. Immune reconstitution after BM transplantation therefore involves re-establishment of a T cell pool tolerant to antigens present on both donor and host tissues. However, how hematopoietic grafts exert their influence over the regenerating immune system is not completely understood. Prior studies suggest that education of the newly arising T cell pool involves distinct contributions from donor and host stromal elements. Specifically, negative selection is thought to be mediated primarily by donor BM-derived antigen-presenting cells, whereas positive selection is dictated by radio-resistant host-derived thymic stromal cells. In this report we studied the effect of highly purified allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) on organ transplantation tolerance induction and immune reconstitution. In contrast to engraftment of BM that results in near-complete donor T cell chimerism, HSC engraftment results in mixed T cell chimerism. Nonetheless we observed that HSC grafts induce tolerance to donor-matched neonatal heart grafts, and one way the HSC grafts alter host immune responses is via deletion of newly arising donor as well as radiation-resistant host T cells. Furthermore, using an in vivo assay of graft rejection to study positive selection we made the unexpected observation that T cells in chimeric mice rejected grafts only in the context of the donor MHC type. These latter findings conflict with the conventionally held view that radio-resistant host elements primarily dictate positive selection.

Keywords: bone marrow transplantation, MHC restriction, mice

Transplantation of allogeneic bone marrow (BM) is known to alter immune responses in recipients so that tolerance is established to tissues matched with the genotype of the BM donors (13). Thus, the process of regeneration of the hematopoietic system involves the re-establishment of parameters that identify self- from nonself-antigens. The way in which BM grafts affect these changes is not completely understood. However, because T cells control antigen-specific immune responses the pathways that lead to regeneration of the peripheral T cell pool are central to immune reconstitution. T cell development after BM transplantation (BMT) is thought to recapitulate normal T cell ontogeny, which begins with the migration of BM-derived hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) or more differentiated progenitors to the thymus (4). Within the thymus, under the influence of a specialized stromal microenvironment, progenitor T cells expand, differentiate, and undergo the rigorous processes of positive and negative selection (58). Positive selection results in survival of T cells with antigen receptors that corecognize self-MHC molecules plus foreign peptides. T cells whose receptors do not detect self-MHC molecules die, presumably by failure to receive critical differentiating signals. Negative selection involves the removal of potentially autoreactive T cells that interact too well with self-MHC molecules plus self-peptides.

Classic BM and thymus grafting studies by Zinkernagel et al. (9) and Bevan and Fink (10, 11) showed that the radio-resistant elements in the host thymus dictate MHC restriction of killer T cells. They proposed, and many experiments followed to support, the notion that these positively selecting elements in the thymus are epithelial cells (5, 6, 8). Subsequent studies refined these observations by tracking T cell development via expression of V type or expression of a single transgenic T cell receptor and showed that both CD8+ and CD4+ T cells are likely to be positively selected on a subpopulation of epithelial cells located in the thymic cortex (5, 6, 8). In contrast, negative selection primarily is mediated by BM-derived antigen-presenting cells (APCs) (7, 12, 13). The absoluteness with which these stromal components dictate the selection processes continues to be challenged by discordant observations (1417). In the setting of an MHC-mismatched allogeneic BMT, this schema of T cell selection predicts that the resultant host will be immunodeficient, insofar as the developing cells will be educated in the thymus to respond to antigens in the context of host MHC type, but will encounter BM-derived APCs in the periphery with the donor MHC type.

In the studies presented here we examined the issues of tolerance induction and immune reconstitution after transplantation of highly purified MHC-disparate HSCs in mice. HSCs are devoid of contaminating differentiated cell populations and thus, unlike most radiation BM chimeras, the effects of the donated immune system that arises from the HSC grafts are solely the result of de novo hematopoiesis. The HSC-transplanted mice also differ from BM chimeras because the former retain a significant proportion of radio-resistant host T cells (18). We found that HSCs induce tolerance to donor-matched organs and that such grafts can mediate negative selection of both developing donor T cells and residual T cells from the host. Furthermore, we made the unexpected observation that analysis of MHC restriction by an in vivo assay suggests that in chimeric mice the donor, not the host-type MHC, predominates in controlling heart graft rejection, a measure of T cell responsiveness. These studies, and the studies by Zinkernagel and Althage (17), reopen the issues of how, where, and on which cell types developing T cells learn MHC restriction and suggest that immunoincompetence in the post-BMT setting, a known clinical problem, is not completely explained by disparity between the MHC type of the donor versus the host.

Three different C57BL/Ka congenic mouse lines were used as donors or recipients. C57BL/Ka were mice H-2b, Thy-1.2, CD45.2; congenic Thy-1.1 mice were H-2b, Thy-1.1, CD45.2 (C57BL/Ka.Thy-1.1) and designated as BA throughout the text; and congenic CD45.1 mice were H-2b, Thy-1.1, CD45.1 (C57BL/Ka.Thy-1.1.CD45.1) and designated BA.CD45.1 throughout the text. HSC or BM recipients were 7- to 10-week-old BALB/c (H-2d, Thy 1.2), BALB/k (H-2k, Thy 1.2), or C57BL/Ka mice. HSC and BM donors were BA or AKR/J mice (H-2k, Thy 1.1). For the neonatal heart transplantation experiments donors were 1- to 24-h-old neonates derived from BA, BA.CD45.1, BALB/c, C3H.SW (H-2b) or DBA.2 (H-2d) strain mice. All mice were bred and maintained at Stanford University.

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Purified hematopoietic stem cell grafts induce tolerance ...

It's really more personal than consequential. Some people believe that life starts when an egg is fertilized and some think that life starts right when a fetus leaves the womb. Whatever you may think the whole stem cell research commotion is like liberal vs. conservative type thing. Stem cell research, if achieved, can eventually provide organs to people who require it when one is hard to come by.The whole concept is much more complex than that but that's the basics. It's really a struggle between your personal views of life.

It sounds like your teacher is against the idea. In my opinion I would do one of several approaches. 1. you can ignore your teachers comment and rewrite the essay (do not recommend) 2. approach the principle and tell him/her to review your essay and tell him/her that you wrote your essay based on your views. 3. Confront your teacher and state that stem cell research does not have negative aspects other than the remarks of few people and that you shouldn't be required to rewrite the essay.

If you decide to rewrite your essay explain the different views that people favor.

* If you want a more in depth explanation then respond to this post.

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What are some negative aspects of stem cell research ...

By Gordon Lore Stem cell research is one of the hottest, controversial, and ethical topics on the medical and political fronts. While research on adult stem cells (ASCs) is proceeding apace, studies on embryonic stem cells (ESCs), which many scientists believe will yield more positive and lasting results, has been stymied by ethical, political and religious concerns. Nonetheless, the eventual application of stem cell research to ongoing clinical application seems destined to be a major revolution in the history of medicine. What are stem cells? Let's start with the basics... Basic Building Blocks Cells comprise the body's basic building blocks. They are found in the skin, muscles, bones, and the internal organs and are important indicators as to how our bodies function. There are perhaps thousands of specialized cell types in the adult human body. Their purpose is to perform specific functions for the organs or tissues which they comprise. Those cells that have shown the greatest promise of replacing diseased organs with healthy new ones are stem cells. What Are Stem Cells? Stem cells are unspecialized entities that distinguish themselves from other body cells in two important ways: (1) Their numbers can be replenished for long periods of time by means of their division; and (2) Once they receive certain chemical signals, they can transform themselves into specialized units with specific functions such as a heart or nerve cell. Cell Types Stem cells can develop into different types, including:

Adult vs. Embryonic Stem Cells For some time, research scientists have been conducting studies to see if the stem cells found in the adult body have the same ability and promise for development as those in embryos. They discovered that ASCs appear to be less versatile while ESCs have far greater potential for treating and/or curing a wide variety of serious ailments. Why? Because they may develop into virtually every type of cell found in the body. ASCs, however, may be able to develop into only a limited number of cell types. ESCs can divide indefinitely when placed in a culture dish while this may not apply to ASCs, thereby reducing their capacity to form new types of cells. Scientists believe that studies of both ESCs and ASCs should continue since both "are critical to our understanding of the etilogy, progression, and treatment of disease." Embryonic Stem Cells ESCs are produced from four-to-five day-old embryos. At this stage, they are known as "blastocytes." Scientists create ESC cultures by transferring a blastocyte's cell mass into a culture dish. The cells are then removed and placed into fresh culture dishes. After being repeated many times, millions of ESCs are eventually produced. Blastotytes that are utilized for treating ESC lines are gotten from eggs that were fertilized in in vitro fertilization clinics but were never placed in a woman's uterus. The embryos that result were frozen and donated for research purposes. There are believed to be more than 400,000 unused frozen embryos in fertility clinics throughout the US. Adult Stem Cells ASCs are found in smaller numbers in most adult tissues. Their primary function is to maintain and repair their host tissues. One advantage of using a patient's own ASCs is that they can be expanded in culture dishes, then differentiated into the desired cells and reintroduced into the patient. Using the patient's cells would guarantee that they would not be rejected by the immune system. Compared to ESCs, however, there is a disadvantage in that it is harder to expand the numbers of ASCs in cell culture.2 In his research, a writer for the Los Angeles Times found that ASCs "do not bear the same ethical baggage as their embryonic counterparts because they can be harvested without creating or destroying new life. But scientists also believe they probably lack the wide-ranging curative potential that embryonic cells have."6 New Organs Most scientists seem convinced that the work done in stem cell research is so promising that it is only a matter of time before widespread therapy derived from this research is routinely used. This includes treating kidney disease and/or growing new organs for transplant. One major challenge revolves around tissue rejection. As in organ transplants, the immune cells in the body will attack transplanted cells as "foreign." This would trigger an immune rejection that could cause failure of the transplant and even endanger the life and welfare of the patient.1But pluripotent stem cells could well be a source of replacement cells and tissues to treat many diseases, including Parkinson's and Alzheimer's, spinal cord injuries, stroke, burns, diabetes, osteoarthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis. Widespread use of this therapy could also help ease the great shortage of organs available for transplantation.2 The National Kidney Foundation believes that "scientists studying stem cells may hold the key for the thousands of people currently on the list for donor organs and the 17 candidates who die daily waiting for hearts, lungs, kidneys, or livers that never come." Since stem cells have the ability to adapt and regenerate into different types of cells, they "have the potential to replace tissues damaged by disease. It is hoped that such tissue engineering might someday help doctors eliminate the need for many transplants and the anti-rejection drugs used in transplantation." Cloning new organs may be one way stem cells can benefit those waiting for donor organs. This involves "reprogramming a cell by replacing its nucleus with that of another cell so it becomes the generic equivalent of the original." Known as a nuclear transfer, the process "raises both hope as well as ethical concerns regarding the possibility of cloning humans for organs."3 Early-Stage Research As scientific investigation goes, stem cell therapy research is still in its infancy. Scientists have been able to do experiments with ESCs only since 1998. This is when James Thompson, MD, at the University of Wisconsin, used a technique he developed to both isolate and grow the cells. Real research was slow to continue, however, since federal funds to support limited ESC research have only been available from the time when President George W. Bush announced the decision to fund it in August 2001.2 The funding applies to research using only the 21 ESC lines existing at that time.9 Currently, because of the mandated limited research on ESCs, ASCs are the only kind of stem cells commonly used to treat human diseases. Actually, doctors have been transferring hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in bone marrow transplants for more than 40 years. In recent years, scientists have developed more advanced techniques of "harvesting" HSCs to treat leukemia, lymphoma, and several inherited blood disorders. Information on National Institutes of Health (NIH) clinical trials using stem cells can be found at:www.ClinicalTrials.gov.2 While waiting for the political and ethical firestorms to subside regarding the use of ESCs, research on ASCs continues. Treating Kidney Damage In 2001, scientists from the Imperial Cancer Research Fund and the Imperial College School of Medicine, London, England, "discovered that cells in bone marrow can be turned into tissue, which could help treat kidney damage caused by cancer or other diseases." They studied female kidneys transplanted into male patients with bone marrow transplants. They discovered that "the bone marrow cells had transformed into kidney tissue." "Doctors could use stem cells from the patient's own bone marrow to replenish cells lost by injury," stated Professor Nick Wright of Imperial Cancer's Histopathology Unit. "This would be of huge benefit as the kidney is very poor at repairing itself. There would be much less complication with the kidney rejecting the new cells because they would come from the patient's own body."5 Organ Size and Regenerative Capacity Harvard Stem Cell Institute Co-Director Doug Melton, MD, and his colleagues published a study in the journal Nature that "helps to explain the variation in organ regenerative capacity and in organ size determination as well. The findings also underscore the value of [ESCs] as tools to study normal development." This particular study involved the pancreas, but the thinking is that it could also eventually apply to the kidney. Melton and his colleagues discovered that "the ultimate size and regenerative capacity of... the pancreas is determined by the specific number of progenitor cells that are set aside during a very early time in development." That determines the size of the pancreas in the animal for the rest of its life and most likely holds true for humans as well. Melton believes his work is important because "it shows there are different kinds of mechanisms to control size, or tissue mass, for different organ systems." "This is another in a long list of examples where [ESCs] are extremely useful [in helping us] understand the basic facts about how tissues are made and maintained," Melton continued.4 Sidestepping "the Knotty Ethical Dilemmas" Scientists at the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research Cambridge, MA, "have created [ESCs] without using eggs or destroying embryos, an advance that may sidestep the knotty ethical dilemmas that have slowed stem cell research." The experiments on mice "returned mature cells... to a primordial, embryonic state... Those reprogrammed cells had the same properties as true [ESCs] such as the ability to turn into muscle, heart, nerve, and other tissue types." The researchers cautioned that their current research is "very far" from being turned into routine clinical medical treatments. Their findings were published in the journal Nature.7 Curing Renal Failure in Rats Researchers at the University of Tokyo claimed they succeeded in curing kidney failure in rats by transplanting somatic stem cells of the kidneys from healthy rats. "Somatic stem cells [SSCs]... can multiply and develop into a variety of other cells of that specific organ," the researchers stated in the June 20, 2007, issue of the Journal of Cell Biology. "Such cells cannot, however, transform into cells of other organs." Some scientists have said that human kidneys have similar SSCs. Therefore, the method can eventually be applied to cure renal failure in humans. In the experiment, the researchers transplanted 10,000 kidney somatic cells into the diseased kidney of the rats. "Blood tests conducted on the rats seven days later found that their kidney functions had returned to normal," the researchers explained. The Japanese scientists said they were ready "to study how to multiply [SSCs] extracted from human kidneys [in order to] develop a method for returning artificially multiplied cells back to the patients' kidneys."8 NIH Chief Calls For Lifting Restrictions Meanwhile, scientists, legislators, and others continue their effort to lift the restrictions on further ESC research. In a surprise move expected to mobilize opinion on Capitol Hill in March 2007, Elias A. Zerhouni, Director of the NIH, broke with the stance of the Bush administration by telling members of the US Senate Health Appropriations Subcommittee that he favored an end to restrictions on federal funding for ESC research. "It is clear today that American science... and the nation will be better served if we let our scientists have access to more stem cell lines," Zerhouni remarked. "We cannot... be second best in this area... It is important for us not to fight with one hand tied behind our back..., and NIH is the key to that."9 His comments are the strongest yet supporting the lifting of the President's 2001 ban restricting government funding to research using ESC lines.10 Stem Cell Protection Act Introduced In introducing the Human Cloning Ban and Stem Cell Protection Act of 2007, Senator Orrin Hatch (R-UT), also had something to say about stem cell research. "Many scientists believe that we are on the verge of a new revolution in medicine created by human stem cells," Hatch remarked. "The reason stem cells are important... is that many organs cannot make a sufficient number of new cells to replace damaged or lost ones... [An] example of how stem cells may treat common diseases is renal failure, which occurs in an estimated 40% of critical care patients. Dr. Christof Westenfelder, Professor of Medicine and Physiology at the University of Utah, has found that injecting stem cells into failing kidneys improves kidney function, prevents tissue injury, and accelerates regeneration."11 Congress Urges Lifting of ESC Research Ban On June 7, 2007, the US House of Representatives voted to send legislation that would remove the limits placed on ESC research to the White House for signing into law by President Bush. The House vote was 247 to 176. This vote, however, was 35 short of the two-thirds majority needed to override a Presidential veto.12 As he promised, on June 20, 2007, Bush used his powerful veto pen to knock the proposed legislation out of the political arena. This is the second consecutive year Bush has nixed such a bill. In announcing his veto, the President said he was encouraged from recent studies indicating it could be possible to grow stem cells from sources other than those derived from human embryos. "Researchers are now developing promising new techniques that offer the potential to produce pluripotent stem cells without having to destroy human life," Bush remarked. The President also issued an executive order to the NIH requesting that scientists conduct their research on stem cells that are "derived without creating a human embryo for research purposes or destroying, discarding, or subjecting to harm a human embryo or fetus." Critics, however, were quick to accuse Bush of using his Presidential powers to openly give the impression that he was supporting stem cell research when he was actually holding it back.14 Conclusion Christopher Thomas Scott, Director of the Stanford Program in Stem Cells and Society, said in his book that, by the year 2010, more than two million Americans are predicted to have end-stage renal disease at an aggregate cost of a whopping $1 trillion. Scott added that, despite the current future promise, developing new treatment therapies from stem cell research may take so long that "many diseases will have to wait for cures from other quarters of medicine." One reason cures from stem cell research may take so long has to do with the slow and very expensive method of discovering, testing, and manufacturing a new drug. It can take 10-15 years and cost nearly a billion dollars to have a new drug approved by the US Food and Drug Administration and brought to market.13 Despite the drawbacks, the many challenges, and the long time needed to bring their work to the patient's bedside, most scientists still believe that stem cell therapy will eventually revolutionize medical treatment. It's not a matter of if, but when.1 Author's Note: An important scientific breakthrough that has been hailed as "a landmark achievement" as well as "the biological equivalent of the Wright Brothers' first airplane"15 and the "Holy Grail"16 of stem cell research was widely reported just before Thanksgiving 2007. Even President Bush, who vetoed two bills that would provide federal funding for embryonic stem cell research, said he was "very pleased" by the breakthrough. Teams led by Shinya Yamanaka, MD, of Kyoto University in Japan and Junying Yu at the University of Wisconsin-Madison have reportedly created "the equivalent of embryonic stem cells from ordinary skin cells, a breakthrough that could someday produce new treatments for disease without the explosive moral questions of embryo cloning."15 Using stem cells could eventually "allow doctors to create stem cells with a specific patient's genetic code, eliminating the risk that the body would reject transplanted tissues or organs." A great advantage of the new technique involves its simplicity: "it takes just four genes to turn the skin cell back into a stem cell." This can be done in a standard biological laboratory. Also, skin cells can be much more easily harvested than embryonic cells. There are still problems with finding a safe way to transform the skin cells, but scientists are optimistic about solving this dilmma.16 The researchers indicated that "the rejuvenated cells were able to grow into all the main tissue types in the body," and "the discovery provides a clear road map for creating genetically matched replacement cells that could be used to treat patients for a variety of diseases."17 Also, the breakthrough will enable the Bush administration to "approve funding for a promising new line of research." Proponents of embryonic stem cell research, however, said that their approach was "too far along to abandon " and that "the two kinds of scientific research will probably move in tandem for some time."18 References 1. Stem Cell Research Foundation. Frequently Asked Questions. Website: http://www.stemcellresearchfoundation.org/AboutFAQ.htm. Accessed June 8, 2007. 2. Stem Cells and Diseases. In Stem Cell Information. National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services. Website: stemcells.nih.gov/info/health.asp. Accessed April 24, 2007. 3. National Kidney Foundation. Do Stem Cells Hold the Key for the Future of Transplantation? Website: http://www.kidney.org/news/newsroom/printfact.cfm?id=44. Accessed April 12, 2007. 4. Colen, BD. Stem cell research sheds light on organ regeneration. Harvard University Gazette, February 22, 2007. Website: http://www.news.harvard.edu/gazette/2007/02.22/05-pancreas.html. Accessed March 13, 2007. 5. Goodenough, P. Adult Stem Cells May Help Treat Kidney Disease. CNSNews.com, July 25, 2001. Website: http://www.cnsnews.com. Accessed April 12, 2007. 6. Healy, M. Stem Cell Hope, Hype, Health. Los Angeles Times, March 5, 2007. 7. Naik, G. Stem-Cell Advance May Skirt Ethical Debate. Wall Street Journal, June 7, 2007. 8. Stem Cell News.com. Stem Cell Transplant Succeeds in Curing Kidney Failure in Rats. Mainichi Daily News, June 21, 2005. Website: http://www.stemcellnews.com/articles/stem-cells-kidney-failure.htm. Accessed June 7, 2007. 9. Alonso-Zaldivar, R, and Kaplan, K. Loosening of Stem Cell Limits Backed. Los Angeles Times, March 20, 1997. 10. Bridges, A. Bush's Own NIH Chief Opposes Stem Cell Ban. The Associated Press/abc News. Website: abcnews.go.com/Technology/print. Accessed April 12, 2007. 11. Carr, P. Hatch, Feinstein Promote Stem Cell Research, Human Cloning Ban. News Release from Orrin Hatch, United States Senator for Utah, March 8, 2007. Website: hatch.senate.gov. Accessed April 12, 2007. 12. Haveman, J. Stem cell bill passes House, but faces certain veto. Los Angeles Times, June 8, 2007. 13. Scott, CT. Stem Cell News: From the Experiment That Shook the World to the New Politics of Life. Pi Press. Website: http://www.npr.org/templates.story/story.php?storyId=5204335. Accessed April 12, 2007. 14. Reynolds, M. Bush vetoes embryonic stem cell funding. Los Angeles Times, June 21, 2007. 15. Ritter, M. Stem Cell Breakthrough Uses No Embryos. November 20, 2007. Website: news.aol.com/story/_a/stem-cell-breakthrough-uses-no-embryos/2007112016130990001. 16. AFP. Breakthrough opens door to organ transplants grown in lab. November 20, 2007. Website: afp.google.com/article/ALeqM5iLLQiJ8nHM4MYWfKhSC_g0_CkKeQ. 17. Kaplan, K. Stem cell milestone achieved. Los Angeles Times, November 21, 2007. 18. Alonso-Zaldivar, R. Science can't escape debate. Los Angeles Times, November 21, 2007. About the Author Gordon Lore was the Editorial Coordinator of KidneyTimes.com until 2007 andf ormerly was the Editor of several nephrology journals.

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Stem Cell Research and Kidney Disease - Renal Support Network